Bronze Age Greece and Troy

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2 MDS1 ANG Bronze Age Greece and Troy. Gillian Shepherd

3 Photo Gillian Shepherd The Trojan Horse

4 Photo Gillian Shepherd

5 Photo Gillian Shepherd View from the mound of Hisarlik (Troy?) across the Trojan Plain

6 The Trojan War: an historical event? We have no record of any action taken by Hellas (= Greece) before the Trojan War Agamemnon it seems must have been the most powerful of the rulers of his day: this was why he was able to raise the force against Troy Thucydides I.3 Some dates? c BC Herodotus (5 th cent. BC historian) 1135 BC Ephorus (4 th cent. BC historian) BC Eratosthenes (3 rd cent. BC librarian at Alexandria) 5 th June 1209 BC Parian Marble (ancient inscription listing notable events from 1581 to 264 BC) IE Late Bronze Age Greece and its Mycenaean civilisation? (Late Helladic III BC)

7 Troy 9 main ancient phases (with subdivisions) Troy II: EBA Troy ( Schliemann s Troy ) Troy VI or VIIA: Homer s Troy?

8 Heinrich Schliemann ( ) Other important Trojans : Frank Calvert (the true discoverer Of Troy?) Wilhelm Dörpfeld (stratigraphy; Troy VI) Carl Blegen (Troy VIIa)

9 Photo Gillian Shepherd Schliemann s trench, Troy

10 Cross-section through the hill of Hisarlik Yellow = ramparts/acropolis of Troy II Pink = ramparts/acropolis of Troy VI Blue = Acropolis of Troy IX (Hellenistic/Roman Troy)

11 Priam s Treasure prior to 1880 Sophia Schliemann wearing the Jewels of Helen

12 File:Sophia_schliemann_treasure.jpg The Big Diadem, Moscow File:Tesoro_di_priamo,_grande_diadema_con_pendenti,_oro,_cat._10,_01.JPG

13 Cross- section through the hill of Hisarlik Yellow = ramparts/acropolis of Troy II Pink = ramparts/acropolis of Troy VI Blue = Acropolis of Troy IX (Hellenistic/Roman Troy)

14 The walls of Troy VI: Homer s Troy? Three times Patroclus set his foot upon a corner of the high wall and three times Apollo flung him back when for the fourth time he rushed on like a god, then with a terrible cry Apollo spoke to him with winged words Iliad ff. Photo Gillian Shepherd

15 Photo Gillian Shepherd

16 Map of Mycenaean Greece Early Helladic I Early Helladic II Early Helladic III Middle Helladic Late Helladic I Late Helladic II Late Helladic III

17 Photo Gillian Shepherd Tiryns The wall is the work of the Cyclopes and is made of unwrought stones, each stone being so huge that the smallest of them could not be moved even in the slightest degree by a pair of mules. Pausanias

18 Tiryns Megaron

19 Reconstruction of a megaron (Pylos)

20 Photo Gillian Shepherd Walls of Mycenae Well built Mycenae

21 Photo Gillian Shepherd Lion Gate, Mycenae

22 Mycenae

23 Grave Circle A, Mycenae (shaft graves) Photo Gillian Shepherd [inside] the wall, where Agamemnon and those murdered with him are lying (Pau )

24 Photo Gillian Shepherd Mycenae rich in gold

25 +sword&view=detail&id=cbf3e b3eb6874ad38435b878c3dc70f4c&first=0&form=idfrir Bronze dagger with scene of lion hunt in gold, silver, electrum and a black bronze alloy Shaft grave IV

26 The Mask of Agamemnon Mycenae, 16 th cent. BC (Shaft grave V)

27 Photo Gillian Shepherd The Treasury of Atreus Mycenean tholos tomb 13 th cent. BC Photo Gillian Shepherd

28 Linear B syllabary composed of: syllabic signs ideograms (images of objects/units of measure) Approx. 200 signs Administrative text NB Linear A = Minoan text, not yet deciphered Linear B tablet from Pylos

29 One ebony chair with a golden back decorated with birds; and a footstool decorated with ivory pomegranates. One ebony chair with ivory back carved with a pair of finials and with a man s figure and heifers; one footstool, ebony inlaid with ivory and pomegranates Linear B Tablet from Pylos, no. Ta 707 (DMG 242) (preserved c BC)

30 [Odysseus put on] a helmet made of hide on the outside the white teeth of a boar of gleaming tusks were set thick and inside was a lining of felt Iliad X. 261 Photo Gillian Shepherd

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