I r o n ( a ), (y) Stainless Steel. Activated C h a r c o a l Ice SPECIFIC HEAT OF SOME SOLIDS CONTENTS. Copper. Indium D. Tantalum F. G.

Transcription

1 VL SPECFC HEAT OF SOME SOLDS CONTENTS A A 1 um i num B Copper C ndium D r o n ( a ), (y) E Tantalum F G Activated C h a r c o a l ce Teflon J Rubber, Bunas, H K Polyethylene KelF Rubber, N a t u r a l L Quartz M V i t r e o u s S i l i c a ( S i l i c a Glass, Q u a r t z Glass) N Araldite, Epoxies Niobium, NiobiumTitanium, P Carbon Q Stainless Steel R Beryllium S T Titanium Tin Lead A d d i t i o n a l Reference to E n t i r e Chapter: V 1 NDEX P NBS M o n o g r a p h 2 1

2 8 SPECFC HEAT, Sources of Data: ENTHAlgY of ALUMTNUM, Giauque, W F and Meads, P F J Am Chem SOC 63, (1941) Maier, C G and Anderson, C T, J Chem Phys 2,51327 (1934) P h i l l i p s, N E, Low Temperature Physics and C h e z s t r y, Univ Wisconsin press (1958) Other References: Behn, U, Ann Physik B e i b l h t t e r 25, 178 (191) Goodman, 3 B, Compt rend 244,2899 (1957) G r i f f i t h s E G and G r i f f i t h s, E, P h i l Trans Roy SOC London 9AqO 557 (1914j Kok, J A and Keesom, W H, Physica 4, 835 (1937) Koref F, AM Physik (4) 49 (19Ui Nernst, W, Ann Physik (4) 395 (1911) Nernst, W and Lindemann, F A, Z Elektrochem 17, 817 (1911) Nernat, W and Schwers F Sitzber kgl preuss Akad Wiss 355 (1914) Richards, T W and Jackson, F G, Z physik Chem 7, 414 (191) S c M t z, H E, Proc Roy SOC (London) 72, 177 (193 Tilden, W A Pmc Roy SOC (London) 7 K 22 (193) 36, 36,,,,, Table of Selected Values e Temp O K * cp JgmOK QOO 1* ooo 51 ooo 18 ooo 176 ooo 261 OOO oo4 8 g *17 5 *31 5 * H H j/gm 25, 15 OW 246 OOO , j/p Superconducting R e p r i n t e d from WADD TECH REPORT V11A , * , g

3 o oa D SPECFC HEAT o f ALUMNUM (lo Oo K ) 2 3 TEMPERATURE, VA2 6 4 OK 8 1

4 L a a a a W z w SPECFC HEAT, BTU/lboR VLA3 u ) d 4 (u

5 TEMPERATURE, OR UL O TEMPERATURE, OK VA4

6 3 ajy W a os) w a W Q z o w * 2 (\ VA5

7 SPECFC HEAT OF CPPE;R T 3K T% 27 x lo' x X: 1 ~ a 1141~ x x (s) 1356 (1) aoo x x ( 118) ( 118) ( 118) (118), ( 118) ( 118) ( 118) ( 1 18) ( 118) ( 118) (1 18) ( 118) ( 118) ( 118) ( 118) ( 118) (118) ( 1 18) nvestigators: Avramescu, A ( 34) [ K ; Bell, P (35)[ 28871KJ; Booker, J, et a1 (36)(727121OKJ; Butler, CP, and nn, E C 1 ' (37)[ K3; Dockerty, SM ( 38) [ 21389Kj ; Dockerty, S M (39)[28194K); E d e r, F X (4)[ 33KJ; Esterman,, et al (41)[ 2236K ; Eucken, A, and Werth, H (42)94219K ; Fieldhouse, B, et a1 (43)[ lK); Fieldhouse, B, e t a1 (44)[ Kl ; Giauque, WF,* and hleads, P F (45)[ 153Kl ; Howse, PT, et a1 (46) [ K; Jaeger, F M, et a1 ( 47)[ K ; 'Estimated (5) VB1

8 SPECFC BEAT, E T A L P Y of COPPER (1' t o 1 K ) Sources of Data: C o d, W S, G a r f u n k e l, M P, S a t t e r t h m i t e, C 3 end Wexler, A, Phya Rev 98, (1955) Rsyne, J A,, A u s t r a l i a n J Phys 9, (1956) Other References: Ester, 87; 582 (1952j Friedberg, S A, end G a l k n, J E, Phys Rev Kok, J A m d Keesoa, W H, Physics 3, (1936) F h i l l i p s,? E, Lox T e q e r a t u r e Physics and Chemist=, Wisconsin P r e s s (1958) pp 4147 A Univ Ccment s : For the temperature &&e *the equation: cp " t o 1"K, t h e s p e c i f i c heat fol~lows = 18 x 16 T ]&3[ j'/m"k Table of Selected V s l u e s Temp "K * H = Jo CpdT R e p r i n t e d from WADD TECH REPORT 656 VB2

9 Temperature, F O _ 1 4i Y W W a WJ Y LL T e m c W 'c u W Q v) 4 1 O Temperature, K SPECFC HEAT VERSUS TEMPERATURE FOR COPPER VB21

10 l a W O TEMPERATURE, s( VB3

11 Y of COPPER (loo to 3 K) SF'ECFC m T, EXTHAU' Sources of h t a : Bcker'Ly, S M, Otk r Referen=: Acyrrn, S u, CC~SO~, Resezrch _ and Kmda, E, J H L, Caisholm, 9 M E, (1933) Tucken, A a d Kerth, H Schfi't, (193), Giso_ue W F 2nd ieeds 5966 (1937) Chez SOC Japan 62, Ann Fnysiir u Chem ~S:~, Cen J Reseerch 1 5 A, (3) 66, (1898) ami Dockerty, S M, (1941) Cea J, Z morg ellgem Cflem 188,, P F, J Am Chem Soz 63, Schenck Fest 1&97191 (1941) Keesom, W H end Onnes, H K, Cnxiun~ Phys Lab Univ Leiden NO 147a, 3 (1915) Koref, F,, A ~ i y s i k 4973 ( 1 9 ~ ) 36, Tekst, W, Sitzber kgl preuss Plied Wiss 262 (191), Sitzber, 36 (1911) Nerast, W and Lindemmn, F A, Z Elektrochem 17, 817 (1911) Schinpr'f, H, Z physik kern 71,257 (191) Xemet, W kkgl preuss Akad Wiss Table of S e l e c t e d Values Temp sc 1 15 m cp ;/m "K om w H* Temp* cp jl@ 9( ; / p o x 24 1q , , X e p r i n t e c i from?:add TEC =PORT VB % 656 H* J /m

12 X ;D m t m 3 m ;D D h) P N SPECFC HEAT,($), b S8A P b joules4m s) O K e

13 m rr) N N t n N VB6

14 T E M PE R ATUR E er 2 6 C ct n *r b * P 4 3 E Y >r 6 a Q z w o 14 6 TEMPERATURE, " K

15 c ENTHALPY, BTU/b a ( u LW 2 Q) (u O rn Y W s a a a W z z 3 W a F! a U a W 2 W k V W V11B 8

16 m O Temperature, K SPECFC HEAT VERSUS TEMPERATURE FOR COPPER ALLOY 9 CUON1 VB9

17 SWClTFC HEAT and E Sources of XilUM of kb: Clcrnt, J R m d Qijmell, E H, Phys Rev 92, 258 (1953) C l m i u s, K ard S c b m h i K z r, L, 2 &zturforsrh g,185 (1952) Cthr References : C l m s n t, J R and Qui=eN,E H, ::a% Bur S k h 2 6 Circ 519, (1952) p h p Rev 79, 128 (?9?o) _ a b l e of Selected Values T OK w j/s"( 6 o s, 19* ooo 138 OOO 141* OOO 41 *OOo 464* ooo 584 ooo 669" *OOo H CP CP *om 55 * *a lo8 :141,162 J/gm Oh' J/m ooo 11 Ooo OOO 73' Ooo 85 OOO *coo537 GQO 5813 *OOo m o Ob a 3,22 a , * Superccnducting Superconducting t r a n s i t i o n temperatuw R e p r i n t e d from W;LDD Tc"CHREPORT 656 Vc k o 89

18 TEMPERATURE, O K VLLc2

19 VJc 3

20 TEMPERATURE, "R ENTH AL P Y of NDUM (lo Oo K ' ) O O Q4 3 2 Q D6 b TEMPERATURE, VC4 K

21 EMVHALPY, BTU/lb 8 (u a D o d C) z 3 x w 1 a t LS w a 5 k w

22 Source6 % D a t a : Duyckaerts, G, EPnysica 6, 418 (1939) 6, 633 (1939) Keesom, W B d KurreLmsyer, B, P~JBCS Kelley, K K, J chern Phys 11, 168 (1943) Other References : AUatin, J B, nd Eng Chem 24, 1225 (1932) r48, G, Mem 8oc soy acil Liege 6, 193 (1945) Eucken, A and Werth, E, Z anorg u a l l g e m Chem 188, 152 (193) Griffiths E C E R ~Griffiths, E FhiP Tram Roy Soc bndon A214 ' 319 (19lkj d Proc Roy Soc (London) Ago, 557 (1914) Gunther P, Ann Phyerfk (4) 51, 828 (1916) Richards, T W and Jackson, F G, 2 phyeik &m 7, 414 (191) Rodebueh, W E and Michalek, J C, J Am Cham SQC 47, 2117 (1925) Schmitz H $, Proc J@y Soc (Londlon) 72, Simon, F, 2 'angar Chem 41, l l l 3 (1928) S ~ Q AF, am3 ColmEnts : in, R C, 2 phyaik 177 (,l9o3) Chem B28, 189 (1935) a ron is the form that ie stable up t o the Curie point at 76'C b e E bodycentered cubic lattice T "tc 45 ooo a9 DO m 615 OOO ow i * , ogo om ooo m 183 OOO R e p r i n t e d from WADD TECH REPORT 65 6 VD1 e t

23 2 3 TEMPERATURE, VD2 4 O K

24

25 TEt?PERATURE, OR 8 Q Z n ENTHALPY of a RON TEMPERATURE, OK 9 O VD4

26 4181 TEMPERATURE, OF? TEMPERATURE, "K 2 3

27 SPecFC HEAT, ENTHAWY of 7 RON Sources of h t a : Eucken A and Uerth, R, 2 anorg u allgem Chem ( ,15272 comments: The values of specific heat f o r pure y iron were calculated by Eucken and Werth by application of the KoppNeumann principle t o their specific heat measurements on a 3O$ MnFe alloy and 194% MnFk alloy n view of this procedure, the values tabulated below should be regarded as an approximation only T "K Ob1 *ow RJC/JJG ssued: 9259 VD6

28 Y EL E n \ 3 t u m c c a ll v Y t t a a r W W LL V W a v, TEMPERATURE, VLD7 OK

29 TEMPERATURE, OR 4 2 Y (u c 11 L E \ u) ) TEMPERATURE, OK VD8

30 8 smcmc HEAT, ENTlALpy of l!amyum Sources of Data : X;eUey, K K, d White, D, (194) Johnstan, H,, Phya Rev "2 8 mqu, c Comments : For tempsatupes equation:, Cp 8s z, (1958) than 4%, the nornntl epecific k a t (3L7M9) x lo%! cp f o U m the j/gm?c Table of Selected Values superaopmal conducting "K so63 ' ool a7 Os Q 26 *On5 3 2b Oh3 28 3, Reprinted f r o m WADD TECHREPORT VLLE =9

31 1 ' "'''" ''' O8 R6 O4 2 o 8 6 TEMPERATURE, VE2 O K

32 (u Q) (D t m Y c W U 3 a e W a z W (u u) * 4 9 (u 9 VE3

33 S P E C F C REAT, ENTHALPY of A C m m D CHARCOAL Source of Data: Simon, F and R C, Z physik &ern, B28, (1935) Colirments : The values i n the t a b l e below do not represent precise measurements and were made on a s m p l e not f u l l y characterized The values are mch higher than those f o r graphlte Since activated charcoal v a r i e s ' i n structure and area, one may infer t h a t t h e specific heat might a l s o vary considerably from sample t o sample Table of Selected Values Temp OK JJG/JRC ssued: Revised: 49 11?&$& V 11F1 39

34 TEMPERATURE, OR V1? 2

35 8 e TEMPERATURE, ' TEMPERkTURE OR 6 OK VF

36 Sources of Data: Giauque, W F and Stout, J W, J Am Chem SOC 58, 1144 ( Simon, F, unpublfshed (1923) Data reproduced i n Giauque and Stout (me above) e Other References : Barnes, W N a d WE, O, Can J Research 3, 2 5 (193) Duyckaerts, e, bkm soc soy E C ~ Liege 6, 325 (1945) Nernst, W, Ann physik, ser 4, 36, 395 (1911) Pollitzer, F, Z Elektrochem 2,513 (1913) Table ~f Selected V a l u e s Temp 9K 1 2 ~ Ob3 4 Kq e W Q % oog a8 9*w Reprinted from WADD TECHREPORT 656 VLG o *

37 Y TEMPERATURE, OK 6 8 O VG2

38 m VLG3

39 3ource of Data: Sochava, 1 V and Trapeznikova, N, 1646 (1957) Sov Phys Doklady Comments: Slince no specific heat measurements existed below values are given referenoad to this temperature &OK, Wble of Selected Values T % H a J/m * Reprinted from WADD TECHREPORT 656 VH 1 457,g a , enthalpy

40 Temperature, F 8 ooc Temperature, K SPECFC HEAT VERSUS TEMPERATUREFOR CRYSTALLNE AND AMORPHOUS POLYETHYLENE VH2

41 VH21

42 SF'ECFC B A T and E ; T W Y of TEFL:i (MOLDED) Source of Data: F~rukS~*, G T, NcCoskey, R E andking, G, J, J ReseaYch rratl Bur Standards 49, 273 (1952) Other References: Noer, R J) Dempsey, C W and Gordon, J E, Bull Am lphys SOC, 4, lo8 (1959) Comments : The above reference (Furukawa, e t al), a l s o gives d a t a on molded and annealed, molded and quenched, and powdered t e f l o n The e f f e c t s of h e a t treatment do n o t exceed 3$ and are n o t s i g n i f i c a n t below 15 K The d a t a i n d i c a t e a secondorder t r a n s i t i o n a t about 1 6 K and two f i r s t o r d e r t r a n s i t i o n s between 2 8 K and 31 K Thermal h y s t e r e s i s occurs i n t h e s e regions Because of t h i s e f f e c t, d a t a a r e not presented f o r t h e region 28 K t o 3lO'K S p e c i f i c h e a t values a t 5'K and 1 K were obtained through computation involving t h e Debye temperature, 8 values e x t r a p o l a t e d from t h e 153"K range Noer, e t a l r e p o r t an a p p r o x i m t e formula for the s p e c i f i c h e a t of t e f l o n between 14"K and 42% which i s n o t i n good agreement with t h e e x t r a p o l a t e d value of l?uruka;;a, e t a l t a b u l a t e d below Their a p p r o x i m t e formula i s given as Temp "K oo24 Temp J/@ sc c) , a _ H e ^,* cp j/gm% * * Reprinted from WADD TECH REPORT 656' VL11

43 ' 1 ' 1 ' "" ! ' 1? f T 4 i * (hl 4

44 Source of Data: Rands, R D Jr, Ferguson, W T and Pqather, J L, J Research Natl BUT Stds 33, 637 (1944) Comments : A secondorder transition which indicates a change of slope occurs at about 212 % Hysteresis occurs in the region immediately belaw this transition Table of Selected Values Temp "K *WO H Temp j/gm " K ' H J/m g11 45 o Ol o 13O * e * =9 R e p r i n t e d froi WADD TECHREPORT 656 V31 zt

45 2 HEAT SPECFC of GRS(BUNAS) Y 4 E m \ n _ 3 2 Q) 1! laml! Pri! / BO ' l l c CL 3 U 4 W H H h,! 1 l a 2 4 $ 2 L W o 4 5 O TEMPERATURE, OK 1

46 Temperature, F O Temperature, K O SPECFC HEAT VERSUS TEMPERATURE FOR POLYCHLOROTRFLUOROETHYLENE (KELF) VJ3 3

47 SPECFC FEAT and ENTHALFY of NATURAL RUBBER HYDROCARBON (Amorphous) Source of Data: Bekkedahl, N, and Matheson, H J, Research Nat Bur Standards 15, 53 ( 1934) Camments : These data apply to pure hydrocarbon polymer extracted from latex Commerical natural rubber dsffers from this by containing various additives and having been vulcanized 1 lowtemperature data for vulcanized rubber have been found, and the &ita on this sheet are presented as being the closest available approximation thereto A secondorder transformation (glass transformtion) OCCUTB at about 2% The data in this region are the least applicable to other f o m OP rubber since the temperature and shape of the transition in Cp will be ra$her strongly affected by vulcanization and additives Table of Selected Values H CP j /gm "K j/m * * Secondorder b1 transition H T OK * R e p r i n t e d from WADD TECHREPORT 6G56 VK j/m

48 i TEMPERATURE, O K 5 O 2 3

49 SPECFC HEAT and ENTAALPY of QUARTZ Sources of Data: Anderson, C T, J Am Chem SOC 58, 568 (1936) Westrum, E F data reproduced in Lord, RC and Morrow, J C, J Chem P~Ys 23 (1957) 26, ; O t h e r References: Gunther, P, 2 anorg u allgem Chem 116, 71 (1921) Nernst, W, Ann F'hysik (4) 36, 395(1911) Table of Selected Values T?K H T j/gm s( of m ag on3 Ob9 25, , j /gm OK CP R e p r i n t e d from WADD TECH REPORT 656 VL1

50 ll1 ' l l 1 1 ' ll '

51 ~ Accelerator Department BROOKHAVEN NATONAL LABORATORY Associated Universities, nc Upton, New York SABELLE Project Technical Note No 327 THERMA, CONDUCTVTY NTEGRALS FOR FBERGLASSRENFORCED EPOXY AND AS 34 STANLESS STEEL SR Plate November 1, 1981 NTRODUCTON G1, a glassfilled epoxy composite, and AS 34 stainless steel, are materials which are used extensively in the SABELLE cryogenic transfer system To calculate reasonably accurate heat leaks at G1 spacers and stainless steel vacuum breaks where large temperacure gradients occur, the integrated thermal conductivities for the materials in question, over various temperature ranges, were required Since the desired values were not readily available, the integrated conductivities were calculated These are shown in Tables 1 and 2 G1 is a woven cloth/epoxy composite; however, thermal conductivity data could not be obtained for this particular material construction Conductivity data was found for uniaxial glassfilled epoxy resin material, both parallel to the glass fibers and perpendicular (through material thickness) Refer to Figs la and lb The parallel direction is a reasonably accurate analog of G1 conductivity longitudinally and transversely; the perpendicular direction probably gives somewhat lower heat leak values than would actually be realized through the thickness of a G1 sheet These differences must be kept in mind when ushg the thermal conductivity values to approximate 121 behavior 11 METHOD The computer was programmed to perform an integral approximation by summation of areas under the curves of conductivity for the respective materials A trapezoid approximation method was considered adequate Data fed to the computer were obtained by visual inspection of the graphs of thermal conductivity taken from the references',2 The glassreinforced epoxy resin material was chosen as representative of G1 Concerning those original conductivity plots cited, the glassepoxy curve required extrapolation from 277 K to 3 K and from 5 K down to 4 K For the 34 stainless steel curve, extrapolation was necessary only from 277 K to 3"K, the lower limit remaining at 4 K The information is presented in a form compatible with that presented in tb:e Cryogenic Data Notebook, Vol, Section V

52 2, ',, i, ' Fig; la Uniaxial glass/epoxy matrix i < * fibgs,'" glass cloth c Fig lb Glass cloth/epoxy matrix Longitudinal f i b e r comprising glass cloth *

53 ,?, ' , ' ?,17 a e? '5; : : _z &rs:; *,d,24k,* 266; j 275' 294 i 311i i 329 3tA ::si oo "!, 5 ' T?5 76'; * " C ,l,/' d,*e *, * *' ~

54 4 t Temp OK *

55 , 5 Conduct i v i t y of 'Fiberglass Laqinates as a Funct;ion of Temperature", curves E(T) and E(J : * ", _, f 2 11 e <* ~ ri, i Standards,, N3S 8 _1 _U 1 ~ */* i Natiohal Bureau;of Vonograph 131, Sept 1923, Gi Childs, L Ericks, and,:r Podell;?Whmal Cdnd&&E&;ty 2 Solids 25 7, Fig a t Robm Tempeq@& low'!, 'and,:be 3" *) ~ '?,, _ a ' *: 1, : _ 1 **, ~ 1, 'r ",, ;!, ~ _

56 Bldg 911 G Danb'jii & Faderid :S Ghqshtoy 3W Glenn C Goodzeit D, Gough _ 'Bld,g, 725 \, * : K"'Batchelor: ' J G r i s o l i J Jackson A,Kaam zoki Ckerrroa Galayda 'Krinoky 'Sheehan Luccio J S J A, * ' '', ' J Keohane D Lazarua Y, Lee D Lowenstein Y Makdisi P Mont emut i3 R Nawrocky M Smith (1) p l u s one for each au%hor(s) file R Them 'J' T U O Z Z O l 6 WT Weng P B Zuhoski K Kohlet /dv _, :,_ ~ a,,?,: ", : ' ', ' ' ' ' ' ' Bldg 51 ': N, Samios R,P:Shutt ' Ho Gordon TF Kycia,* b i p u n c c S Lindenbaum S, Qeaki RB Palmer S Protopopeacu D, Rahm M S a k i t t * R' Fernow SleC, t, Stumer s:tl Trueman ' '

57 SPECFC HEAT and ENTHALPY of VTREOUS SLCA (Silica Class, Quartz Class) Sources of Data: Simon, F, Ann mysik (4) 68, 2418 (1922) Simon, F and Lange, F, Z physik 38, (1926) Westnun,E F, data reproduced in Lord, R C and Morrow, J C, J Chem Phys 26, 23 (1957) Other References : Nernst, W, Sitzber kgl preuss &ad Wiss, 36 (1911) Table of Selected Values H j/m = om8 *ly , oll o ' , , , Reprinted from WAD) TECH REPORT 656 VM1

58 1 o 6 4 Y g 2 \ a3 u) = 7 1 h n t a W LL $ a u) o OW O TEMPERATURE, O K 1 2 3

59 3 O2 L c a, u C 8 t a v) 1 oo o' O' Temperature, OK SPEC'FC HEAT OF UNFLLED EPOXY RESNS VN1

60 d * 3 : EPON 828 GLASSFBER 55991, H T S FNSH NOM DENSTY =183gem'P GLASSFLL 636 VOL f O Temperature, K l l SPECFC HEAT VERSUS TEMPERATURE GLASSFBER RENFORCED EPOXES VN 2 FOR

61 Source of Data: WbPmpared according to manufacturer's directions!fable of Selectd Value8 L E J/ sjl RJC/JJQ ssued: 6 Ooo 24 Ooo 89 ' m 1 oo8 O O O O g VN OOU

62 TEMPERATURE, O R TEMPERATURE, OK VN32

63 \ 2 2 VN33

64 s m m c BEAT, Source of Data: Chou, C, White, (1958) P and E?prBAtpy of KTOBUM Johmton, E L, Phys Rev =, Other Feferences: M W and Boorse, H A, Phys k v 86, 134 (1952) Richards, T W and Jackeon, F G, 2 physlk &em 7, 414 (191) Bmm, A, Zemnsky, The data of Chou, White and Johnston cover t h e range, 15" t o 3 K while t h e compilation of Kelley (1949) gives b e s t values f o r mom temperature and above Between 3" and mom temperature no modern experimental data are t o be found The values i n this region given here are estimates While the accuracy a t 2 t o 3" and st 3 K i s of order 15, the estimated values between 3" and 3 W K a r e more unc e r t a i n and may be i n e r r o r by as much a6 1 6 n the region 4" t o 1 K Temp "K RJC/JJG 5 joules/gram"k No m a l 9 a o t Supercond,15 fio: ' ou3 ogg Normal 17 4 * 73 " ' ( t n Supercond 49 t 62 t XLO' a35 68 t 56' ' H jodes/grim ( ' 1 H k9 25b a J/m Normel ssuedr 1214$ V1 1

65 TEMPERATURE, OK V12

66 TEMPERATURE,OR 2 1 Y 5H H L w " Y a 2 W T o 1 k X 4 R2 TEMPERATURE, OK

67 TEMPERATURE,OR O 4 O 2 TEMPERATURE, OK V14

68 N e o (u d ENTHALPY BTUL b N UJ6/sVo! 'Ad '1W HlN 3 V15 d O 4 N 9 H ad o W Y W K 3 tu : W Q : 5t m (v

69 ' 3 r Temperature,OK SPECFC HEAT VERSUS TEMPERATURE FOR NB 51 T 49 V 11 2

70 sources or mta: Arcn, H H, Craig, R S, Walte, T R and WaUace, W E, M 1263 (1956) ~ e v 12, Kotkn, C W sn8 Johnston, E L, J Am Ghtm Soc 75, 311 (1953) Wolcott, R M, Coni bc P h p l q w des Bassee!!experatures, Paris (19551 Other References: Estermkson, R i e d k r g, 6 A and G o l k, J E, Phy3 Rev 87, 582 (19521 L Kelhy, K K, d Eng Chm 36, 865 (l9hb) Table of Selected V e l u e s Temp OK 1 cp J/m "K 71 j om 54 Ooo 84 OOo OOo , , H "K j/m "rc 7 9 1@ 23 Jb U6 OOO 35 3,OOO cp b 146 ooo Temp OOO *OOO oi5 6 4 *ago , XK, !A 882,514, & V lll 911 <l

71 TEMPERATURE, O R VZ32

72 TEMPERATURE, OR 5H H W W O TEMPERATURE, "R RO 2GO 3

73 V34

74 8 SPEZD'C HEAT, E3THADY of CAwOr; (GRAPBTE) Sources of DBta: Keesom, P H and Pearlman, N; Phys, Rev 99, U1924 (1955) De Sorbo, W end Tyler, W, J Chem Phys Other References: Bergenlid, V, 45, 21, 1663 (1953) Bill, R W, Webb, F J and W i l h s, J, P h i l Mag 8514 (1954) Dewar, J, Proc Roy Sac (London) A76, 325 Ewald, R, Ann phys (4) 1213 (1914) Jacobs, C J and Parks, G S, Koref, F, Ann P h p J Am &em SOC 56, 1513 (1934) Z physik Chem 7, 414 (191) Comments : <T Temp CP 3/@"K 1 2 ooo K "K 3 4 (4) &, 49 (19ll) Richards, T W and Jackson, F G, For (194) ooo 27 ooo 7 OOO ooo * oh Temp a 2 ooo 16 om 62 ooo 168 ooo 61 mi 56 *oo VP m cp 3/m OK b _ H J/m '

75 e TEMPERATURE, OK 8 O V 11P 2

76 VP3 9 31dl33dS * N 4 9

77 ' 2 TEMPERATURE,OR e 1 m ' n ) 3 > ) ) n Q 3 > v E C, \ m Q L 3 L c > a J a z W V E! 3 m L > a J 4 z W TEMPERATURE, OK VP4

78 ( u V?5 N Ei a, Y W qa fk W a 5 w ol e m

79 425 4 v 31 LL f! 3 m, + al YO O, Q v) 1 O Temperature, K 4 SPECFC HEAT VERSUS TEMPERATURE FOR TYPE 31s STANLESS STEEL VQ5

80 Temperature, F 1, 1, 2 rn 1 O Temperature, K 1 3 SPECFC HEAT VERSUSTEMPERATURE FOR TYPE 31s STANLESS STEEL VQ7

81 Source of De+&: SPECFC HEAT, ENTHUPY of ERYLLUM Rill, R W and Smith, P L, Phil Rig 44, (1953) Other References : Crisbscu, S and Simon, F, 2 physik Chem ' B (1934) Kelley, K K, US Bur Mines B u l l (1949) E J, Rys Rev (2) &, 1575 (1929) Simon, F and R u h e m a ~, M, 2 physik Chem w s, x,321 (1921) Cements : For the t e m p r a t w e range f'rom to 2%, % follows the equation: the specific heat Table of S e k c t e d V a l u e s Temp % CE) J/W "K Ooo log *w RJC/JJG j/@ "K ogo Ooo 271 OOo 389 a 2 2 cp 562 ooo % 79 ooo mi /g Temp m 25 OOO H 525 * ssued: VR1 H J/gm g O

82 VR2

83 m D 4 TEMPERATURE, OK

84 TEMPERATURE OR i a O TEMPERATURE, O K VR4

85 8 N UJB / SQlno! ' A d l V H 1N3 V 11R 5

86 S o u r c e s of a t e : Corak, W S and S s t t e r w a i t e, C B, Pnys Rev 12, 662 (195s) Goohan, B Be, Coapt rend 2k4, 2899 (1957) Keesoffi, W H and Ten den Ebde, J N Proc Aced Sci k s t e r d m 143 (1932) Lance, F, 2 physik C h e m 11, 343 (1924) Fadebush, W H, J 4s Cfrem S s c 45, 1413 (1923) Ot'ner References : 35, B A n s t e 6, J N, Z physik: Chem 88, 479 (1914) Keeson, W E m d Kok, J A, ProcTAead S e i h t e r d m 35, 743 (1912) Keesom, W H and V a n Laer, P E, Physica 3 r 371 (1936) Keeson, W E and Van Laer, P E, Physics h, 487 (1937) Keesom, W E and Van Leer, P E, Physica 193 (1933) Ramnesthen, K G and Srinivasen, T M, P h i l bfaz 46, 335 (1955) Richards, T W and Jackson, R G, Z physik G h e m 7, 4114 (191) Schnitz, H E, Psoc Roy Soc (London) 72, 177 (193 5, Table of S e l e k e d Values Temp K _ %Kip Superconduct ins _lll ' ookl 79 ooo 48, 151 om oo a SUE r c onduc t i n ooo 113 om 8 1 s( NOnrEl L "_ coo 283 ooo 65 " *, a o ow3 8 9 Eo (33 _, r a n s i t i o n tenp2ratwe Vs1 24 *

87 Vs2

88 TEMPERATURE, O R 3 2 Y E," n 3 OO (u 3 5 w Y VJ os Q H H a W 4 u LL V w a v) 2 o 68 TEMPERATURE 8 ' O K 1 3Q

89 O T E Fvl PE RATU R E, OK VS4

90 ENTHALPY, BTU 1 Ob VLs5

91 TEMPERATURE, OR TEMPERATURE, OK VT1

92 SPECFC HEAT (L) BTUllbOR VT2

93 TEMPERATURE, OR TEMPERATURE, OK VT 3

94 ENTHALPY, BTU/b ' al,g c Y W u 3 a t : W a rw * O O rr) (u