RADIANT SYSTEMS TYPES, ADVANTAGES AND APPLICATIONS

Transcription

1 RADIANT SYSTEMS TYPES, ADVANTAGES AND APPLICATIONS Construction Automotive Industry

2 RADIANT SYSTEMS OUTLINE - Radiant heating overview - Types of radiant heating systems - Advantages of radiant heating systems - Radiant cooling overview - Types of radiant cooling systems - Advantages of radiant cooling systems - Applications for radiant heating and cooling systems REHAU 11-Sep-13 - Page 2

3 RADIANT HEATING SYSTEMS WHAT IS A RADIANT HEATING SYSTEM? - Radiant floor heating (RFH) systems provide warm, gentle heat unmatched in comfort, control, flexibility and efficiency - Our systems work by circulating warm water through a network of PEXa polymer pipes installed in floors, walls or ceilings - It s a great choice for today s energy-conscious builders, specifiers and homeowners REHAU 11-Sep-13 - Page 3

4 TYPES OF RADIANT HEATING INSTALLATION TWO PRIMARY TYPES OF POURED OR WET INSTALLATION TECHNIQUES i. Structural concrete slab installation ii. Suspended wood floor overpour installation REHAU 11-Sep-13 - Page 4

5 TYPES OF RADIANT HEATING INSTALLATION TWO PRIMARY TYPES OF PANEL OR DRY INSTALLATION TECHNIQUES i. Above floor panel systems ii. Below floor (joist space) plate systems REHAU 11-Sep-13 - Page 5

6 ADVANTAGES OF RADIANT FLOOR HEATING OUTLINE The six primary benefits of RFH: a) Adaptability b) Architectural freedom c) Thermal comfort d) Control e) Efficiency f) Safety - An element of Green design REHAU 11-Sep-13 - Page 6

7 a) ADAPTABILITY 1 - ADAPTABILITY WITH APPLICATIONS 2 - ADAPTABILITY WITH HEAT SOURCES 1 - Applications: - Use in floors, walls or ceilings - Heat the entire building with RFH, or mix it with other hydronic emitters - Radiant is zoneable 2 - Heat Sources: - Almost any source of warm water can power a radiant system REHAU 11-Sep-13 - Page 7

8 ADAPTABILITY WITH APPLICATIONS HEAT FLOORS, WALLS OR CEILING HEAT THE ENTIRE BUILDING, OR PARTS OF IT - Use as the primary heating system - High outputs are possible - Capable of more than 32 BTU/hr(ft 2 ) - Use for floor warming - In tiled or hardwood areas, with sensors - Radiant can be installed in almost any panel - Floors, walls or ceilings - Use as part of a Hybrid system - Combine with radiators, panel radiators or hydronic fan coils in other parts of the house REHAU 11-Sep-13 - Page 8

9 ADAPTABILITY WITH HEAT SOURCES VIRTUALLY ANY SOURCE OF WARM WATER IS ACCEPTABLE WITH RFH SOME HEAT SOURCES CAN DELIVER HIGHER EFFICIENCY WITH RADIANT Integration with GSHP - A ground source heat pump is usually a perfect match of water temperatures with radiant distribution for heating and cooling F output temperature works well for most radiant heating systems - Most heat pumps will operate at a higher efficiency (deliver a better COP) when used with low-temperature radiant heating distribution - The lower the better REHAU 11-Sep-13 - Page 9

10 ADAPTABILITY WITH HEAT SOURCES VIRTUALLY ANY SOURCE OF WARM WATER IS ACCEPTABLE WITH RFH SOME HEAT SOURCES CAN DELIVER HIGHER EFFICIENCY WITH RADIANT Examples: 1. Condensing boiler - Mod/Con, for low temperature applications, high efficiency 2. Solar collectors - with storage tanks and water temperature mixing control device 3. Non-condensing boiler - for mixed high temperature/low temperature applications 4. Electric boiler - easy to control and install 5. Wood-fired boilers - use a water temperature mixing control device 6. DHW tanks and/or dual-purpose DHW/heating tanks - in certain applications REHAU 11-Sep-13 - Page 10

11 ADAPTABILITY WITH HEAT SOURCES VIRTUALLY ANY SOURCE OF WARM WATER IS ACCEPTABLE WITH RFH SOME HEAT SOURCES CAN DELIVER HIGHER EFFICIENCY WITH RADIANT Considerations when selecting heat source: - Supply water temperatures are low, heat source needs to match requirements - Return water temperatures are even lower, boiler protection may be necessary - Code approval for domestic water heaters varies from jurisdiction Note: When using a domestic hot water tank as a heat source you may be required to add a WARNING label to the tank, such as Non Potable Water, Heating Water REHAU 11-Sep-13 - Page 11

12 b) ARCHITECTURAL FREEDOM NO BULKY CONVECTORS OR DUCTWORK AVOID WASTED SPACE - Hot air convectors can be bulky, may restrict placement of furniture and may take up valuable floor space - Not to mention ductwork volume - Convectors as seen at O Hare Airport - Radiant heating pipes embedded within the floor are invisible and waste no space REHAU 11-Sep-13 - Page 12

13 ARCHITECTURAL FREEDOM NO BULKY CONVECTORS OR DUCTWORK AVOID WASTED SPACE Example of early radiant floor heating project: - Falling Water house in Mill Run, PA - Architect Frank Lloyd Wright used wrought-iron pipes for radiant heating in 1930 s REHAU 11-Sep-13 - Page 13

14 ARCHITECTURAL FREEDOM NO BULKY CONVECTORS OR DUCTWORK AVOID WASTED SPACE - Ductwork is bulky, may restrict placement of furniture and may take up valuable floor space - Radiant heating pipes embedded within the floor are invisible and waste no space - Ductwork can be reduced for fresh air volumes (commercial) REHAU 11-Sep-13 - Page 14

15 c) THERMAL COMFORT WHAT IS THE BEST DEFINITION OF COMFORT? JUST ELIMINATE WHAT MAKES PEOPLE UNCOMFORTABLE! Typical complaints about forced air or hot-water baseboard heating: 1. Inconsistent temperature from minute-to-minute (cycling) 2. Inconsistent temperature within a room, floor to ceiling 3. Inconsistent temperature from one room to another 4. Restricted placement of furniture due to heat emitters 5. Drafts or wind blowing when the heat turns on 6. Cold hard surface flooring I need slippers! 7. Noisy fans or ticking baseboard 8. Ugly air vents and return grates 9. Dusty air and heat emitters 10. Dry air in wintertime - Radiant floor heating can address all these issues! REHAU 11-Sep-13 - Page 15

16 THERMAL COMFORT COMFORTABLE TEMPERATURE DISTRIBUTION IN THE SPACE - With RFH there is some warm air floating in lower portion of the room - When your feet are warm, your lower body is warm - There is less hot air at the ceiling, less stratification - Cooler air at head level is fresher, has more oxygen, is not as dry - Still air means less heat loss from the human body to the air flow - Eliminates that drafty feeling caused by forced air movement REHAU 11-Sep-13 - Page 16 Optimal Thermal Comfort Profile Radiant Floor Heating Thermal Comfort Profile Forced Air Heating, Convective Heating

17 THERMAL COMFORT IMPACT ON HUMAN COMFORT BY REDUCING RADIANT HEAT LOSS A HEATED FLOOR PANEL SURROUNDS YOU IN WARMTH WITH A HIGHER MRT People are exothermic heat generators! Heat emission from the human body occurs via four modes of transfer: - Radiation (~45%) - Convection (~30%) - Evaporation (~20%) - Conduction (~5%) - Our bodies radiate heat to any surface in line-of-sight which is cooler than our surface temperature (85 F - 90 F) - Cold surfaces surrounding the body increase heat loss and reduce comfort REHAU 11-Sep-13 - Page 17

18 THERMAL COMFORT IMPACT ON HUMAN COMFORT BY REDUCING RADIANT HEAT LOSS A HEATED FLOOR PANEL SURROUNDS YOU IN WARMTH WITH A HIGHER MRT A higher Mean Radiant Temperature reduces the radiant heat loss from human body - Surfaces are warmer with radiant heating - Human body radiates less heat to floors walls and ceilings - Indoor air does not have to be so hot for comfort - Indoor air can be cooler and fresher, with better health and comfort - Use 68 F vs. 72 F indoor design temperature with radiant floors for most applications Pink area = approximate comfort zone Example: MRT = 68 F, air = 76 F Example: MRT = 76 F, air = 68 F MRT comfort graph originally published in Architectural Forum, January 1939 Mean Radiant Temperature ( F) REHAU 11-Sep-13 - Page 18

19 THERMAL COMFORT OTHER HEALTH BENEFITS A HEALTHY HOME OR OFFICE IS MORE COMFORTABLE Cooler air has higher Relative Humidity (RH%) in winter as compared with hot air heating - Leads to less dry skin, fewer dry throats - No ductwork is necessary for radiant heating - Influence of dust/pollen/allergens may be minimized - Hard surface flooring is more comfortable, livable - Easier to eliminate carpet and rugs from indoor spaces while maintaining comfort REHAU 11-Sep-13 - Page 19

20 THERMAL COMFORT RADIANT FLOOR HEATING DELIVERS BETTER COMFORT A WARM FLOOR MAKES A WARM HOME Radiant floor heating is more comfortable: - Quiet, with no fans, no ticking, no noise - Steady, with even temperatures from minute-to-minute - Invisible, with no holes in the floor, no visible convectors, no moving curtains - Warmer, with heat delivered through our feet and our body surrounded with warm surfaces REHAU 11-Sep-13 - Page 20

21 d) CONTROL ZONING IS EASIER WITH RADIANT HEATING, DELIVERING BETTER COMFORT AND EFFICIENCY In typical residential applications, a radiant circuit covers about 250ft 2 - Control of the flow of water for each circuit is set or balanced by manifold circuit valves - That means that the right amount of heat is delivered to each room Thermostats, actuators and the manifold work as a system to control room-by-room flows - Special thermostats are calibrated for RFH - Low-voltage actuators open and close manifold circuit valves Benefits: - Occupants may desire some rooms to be warmer than others - Heat loads change with occupancy - Room-by-room temperature control optimizes comfort and efficiency REHAU PRO-BALANCE Manifold REHAU 11-Sep-13 - Page 21

22 CONTROL ZONING IS EASIER WITH RADIANT HEATING, DELIVERING BETTER COMFORT AND EFFICIENCY - Programmable thermostats (set-back) are typically not used with high thermal mass RFH systems, due to slower response time of these systems - Programmable thermostats may be used with low thermal mass RFH systems - RAUPANEL TM is a good example of a low thermal mass RFH system REHAU 11-Sep-13 - Page 22

23 e) EFFICIENCY RADIANT HEATING CAN REDUCE ENERGY COSTS AND GREENHOUSE GAS EMISSIONS THREE KEY REASONS 1. Lower average air temperature and corrected temp. profile reduces heat loss - Reducing thermostat setting may reduce overall heat loss by 4-8% - Reducing thermostat setting and correcting temperature profile can reduce air infiltration by 5-40%, depending on variables (tightness, room height, etc) - Overall heat loss may be reduced by 10-25% with radiant floor heating 2. More efficient use of boiler or geothermal heat source - Condensing boilers can operate more efficiently with lower water temperatures - Geothermal heat pumps can operate more efficiently at lower output temperatures 3. It s more efficient/economical to move heat using water vs. air - Ex: A 3/4 in water pipe can transfer the same heat energy as a 14 in x 8 in duct - Furnace blower fans draw significant amperage to distribute adequate volume (cfm) of hot air to heat a space - A comparable radiant circulator draws 75-90% less electrical energy to distribute the same amount of heat REHAU 11-Sep-13 - Page 23

24 EFFICIENCY RADIANT HEATING CAN REDUCE ENERGY COSTS AND GREENHOUSE GAS EMISSIONS THREE KEY REASONS 1. Lower average air temperature and corrected temperature profile reduces heat loss 2. More efficient use of boiler or geothermal heat source 3. It s more economical to move heat using water vs. air In addition: - Zoning capability allows temperature reduction of rooms when not needed - Total savings can be up to 30%, or more! Conclusion: - Upfront investment in better systems pays off immediately in better comfort and control, and in the longterm for reduced operating costs, reduced maintenance, etc. REHAU 11-Sep-13 - Page 24

25 f) SAFETY NO HOT SURFACES PROTECTION FOR CHILDREN AND THE PUBLIC IN GENERAL - Hot water baseboard and other hightemperature convectors can create potential safety hazards - This may be especially important where children or elderly are present - As seen at a coffee shop - Radiant heating systems are usually designed with floor temperatures no warmer than 85 F REHAU 11-Sep-13 - Page 25

26 ADVANTAGES OF RADIANT FLOOR HEATING SUMMARY The six primary benefits of RFH: a) Adaptability b) Architectural freedom c) Thermal comfort d) Control e) Efficiency f) Safety - An element of Green design REHAU 11-Sep-13 - Page 26

27 RADIANT COOLING WHAT IS A RADIANT COOLING SYSTEM? - Typically designed in conjunction with radiant heating, radiant cooling systems circulate chilled water through the same network of pipes where warm water circulates during the heating season - This network of pipes can turn the floors, walls and ceilings of a conditioned space into cooled surfaces that evenly absorb heat energy - Radiant cooling works best in a tightly sealed building that integrates radiant with a downsized forced-air system to meet the building s fresh air requirements REHAU 11-Sep-13 - Page 27

28 RADIANT COOLING TYPES OF RADIANT COOLING SYSTEMS Thermally Activated Slab (TAS), a.k.a. TABS, BKT, or BATISO - Without insulation underneath - Heated/cooled floors and ceilings condition spaces above and below - Bi-directional Radiant Floor Cooling and Floor Heating (FCH) - With insulation underneath to condition the space above - Heated/cooled floor - Uni-directional REHAU 11-Sep-13 - Page 28

29 RADIANT COOLING ADVANTAGES Hybrid radiant/forced-air cooling systems are ideally suited to a broad range of commercial applications and achieve best results when combined with other energy efficient solutions in tight building structures Primary advantages: a) Adaptability b) Architectural freedom c) Thermal comfort d) Control e) Efficiency REHAU 11-Sep-13 - Page 29

30 RESIDENTIAL APPLICATIONS - Basements - Slab-on-grade pours - Suspended floor overpour - Garages - Apartments REHAU 11-Sep-13 - Page 30

31 COMMERCIAL APPLICATIONS - Hotels - Offices - Restaurants - Warehouses - Car Dealerships and Garages - Museums REHAU 11-Sep-13 - Page 31

32 COMMERCIAL APPLICATIONS - Hotels - Offices - Restaurants - Warehouses - Car Dealerships and Garages - Museums Milwaukee Museum of Art on shores of Lake Michigan REHAU 11-Sep-13 - Page 32

33 INSTITUTIONAL APPLICATIONS - Day Care Facilities - Retirement Homes - Schools/Colleges - Hospitals - Prisons REHAU 11-Sep-13 - Page 33

34 INDUSTRIAL APPLICATIONS - Fire Stations - Bus Stations - Warehouses - Garages - Factories - Hangars REHAU 11-Sep-13 - Page 34

35 INDUSTRIAL APPLICATIONS - Fire Stations - Bus Stations - Warehouses - Garages - Factories - Aircraft Hangars REHAU 11-Sep-13 - Page 35

36 AGRICULTURAL APPLICATIONS - Barns: - Dairy - Hog - Chicken - Ostrich - Greenhouses REHAU 11-Sep-13 - Page 36

37 WHERE IS THE OPPORTUNITY FOR RADIANT HEATING? EVERYWHERE! Opportunities: - Residential - Commercial - Industrial - Institutional - Agricultural - Outdoor applications More than anything else, the growth of radiant heating depends on the growth of a qualified contractor base which knows how to: - Explain the benefits of radiant heating - Propose appropriate systems for customer needs and budgets - Call on support teams for design help when needed - Install good systems that work as advertised - Market themselves to the general public REHAU 11-Sep-13 - Page 37

38 RADIANT SYSTEMS SUMMARY - Radiant heating overview - Types of radiant heating systems - Advantages of radiant heating systems - Radiant cooling overview - Types of radiant cooling systems - Advantages of radiant cooling systems - Applications for radiant heating and cooling systems REHAU 11-Sep-13 - Page 38

39 RADIANT SYSTEMS TYPES, ADVANTAGES AND APPLICATIONS Construction Automotive Industry