THE EU ETS IN THE FINNISH CONTEXT Does the ETS support local bioenergy implementation?

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1 THE EU ETS IN THE FINNISH CONTEXT Does the ETS support local bioenergy implementation? Pirkko Vesterinen, VTT IEA Task 38 & Task 4 Workshop, Trondheim 5-6 April 26

2 FUEL PRICES IN HEAT PRODUCTION Fuel chips (Average price) Sources: Energy review 4/25 & BioEnergia 1/26

3 FUEL PRICES IN ELECTRICITY PRODUCTION Source: Energy review 4/25, Ministry of Trade and Industry of Finland

4 The Price of Emission Unit Allowances has increased since the start of Price of electricity Price of EUA Price of EUA, /tco2 Price of electricity, /MWh Price of electricity in the Nordic electricity market

5 SOLID BIOMASS FROM FOREST INDUSTRY IN 22 - Sawmills constitute the greatest biomass producer sector TWh Woodpulp industry Sawmills Fiberboard industry Bark Chips Sawdust Other fractions

6 UTILIZATION OF INDIGENOUS FUELS IN 22 - Depends on the production amounts of forest industry TWh Balck liquor Peat Bark Sawdust, wood chips Forest residues Source: Ministry of Trade of Industry of Finland

7 Use of forest chips in heat and power plants Rovaniemi Oulu Use, m 3 (solid) over Oulu Kemi Suomussalmi Kokkola Kajaani Pietarsaari Vaasa Turku Tampere Jyväskylä Mikkeli Joensuu Pori Rauma Turku Maarianhamina Seinäjoki Outokumpu Ilomantsi Äänekoski Joensuu Varkaus Jämsänkoski Jyväskylä Kitee Mikkeli Tampere Jämsä Savonlinna Heinola Mäntyharju Rautjärvi Valkeakoski Forssa Lahti Riihimäki Kuusankoski Paimio Nurmijärvi Anjalankoski Hamina Salo Kotka Porvoo Tammisaari Source: Metla and

8 SOLID BIOFUELS AND PEAT UTILIZATION IN ENERGY PRODUCTION IN GWh 15 5 District heat Industry District heat Industry Heat boilers CHP Wood chips By-products of forest industry Peat Recycled fuels

9 Use of solid wood fuels in 23 and 24, own use separated from sales to the market Small-scale use of households excluded, 12 TWh/a TWh / a ,8 14,3 Total use 25 TWh = 13 mill. m 3 / TWh = 14,4 / To the market Own use 6,3 4,4 4,6 4,6 3,4 3,4 Bark Sawdust Forest chips Target / 2 2, 1,8,8 1,5,9,1,1 Industrial chips Recycled wood Pressed wood,1,1 Other wood Sawdust for pulp production 3TWh and for board industry 1,5 TWh and cutter chips for pellets over 1TWh. Source: Metla

10 THE IMPACTS OF EMISSIONS TRADING AND TAXATION ON THE FUEL COSTS - Example: Industrial CHP, fuel prices in December /MWh 2 15 Paying capacity for biomass 5-5 Coal (on the coast) Natural gas Milled peat ( km transport inc.) Sod peat ( km transport inc.) Fuel chips Fuel cost Taxes and fees Allowance price, 2 /t Support of electricity production Data source: BioEnergia, Number 3, 26

11 Bioenergy use by fuel (excl. forest industry by-products) in 23, VTT estimate, target of the RE Action Plan for 2 and estimated maximum realistic use in Total 294 PJ Yht. 294 PJ VTT estimate, 344 PJ VTT-arvio, yht. 344 PJ RE Action Plan, 349 PJ UEOohjelma, yht. 349 PJ Small-scale wood use Forest chips Recycled fuels Puun pienkäyttö Metsähake Kierrätyspolttoaineet Biokaasu Peltobiomassa Liikenne Biogas Agrobiomass Transport Source: Report for the MTI, May 25, by JSP, JyU, VTT Total 418 PJ Yht. 418 PJ

12 CONCLUSIONS The demand of biomass fuels could increase more rapidly than the supply It is not likely that the supply of by-products from forest industry would increase The increased demand should be covered by the increased production of forest chips, agrobiomass and biogenic wastes Paying ability of energy producers will increase Pellet production increases, oil is replaced with pellets Other sectors, like transport and forest industry, would compete with the energy sector from the biomass raw material Due to the higher bioenergy supports in other European countries, part of Finnish biomass could be exported Peat would be needed in the future also to ensure the fuel supply and to lower the price risk

13 THANK YOU FOR YOUR ATTENTION! Pirkko Vesterinen ET-Bioenergy project New Bioenergy Business During Emission Trading Co-financed by EU BSR INTERREG III B NP Special thanks to: Ms. Tiina Koljonen, VTT Nordic Energy Perspectives project