Bus Fire Safety in China. James Wang China Bus & Coach Yearbook

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1 Bus Fire Safety in China James Wang China Bus & Coach Yearbook

2 Main Topics Continuous Bus Fire in China Cause of Bus Fire: Arson or Suicide? How to Investigation & Analysis? How to Learn form Bus Fire? Solutions of Bus Fire Management

3 Transit Bus in China City Bus is Most Public Mean of Transit in China Passenger Density is More 6-8 People per Square Meters in Most City Buses Consequences of any Bus Fire is Enormous Disaster

4 Continuous Bus Fire in China Chengdu Bus Fire (27 Deaths, 76 Injuries, 2009) Xiamen Bus Fire (47 Deaths, 34 Injuries, 2013) Guiyang Bus Fire (6 Deaths, 35 Injuries, 2014)

5 Cause of Bus Fire: Arson or Suicide? Beijin g Shanghai Chengd u More and More Arson case in Chongqing China Guangzho u Harbin Wuhan Hangzhou Bus has Become the Target for the Shenzhe Terrorist? n

6 Chengdu Bus Fire (June 5, 2009)

7 Chengdu Bus Fire (June 5, 2009) scene of the bus fire

8 Chengdu Bus Fire (June 5, 2009) 27 deaths, 76 injuries scene of first aid

9 Xiamen Bus Fire (June 7, 2013) scene of the bus fire

10 Xiamen Bus Fire (June 7, 2013) 47 deaths, 34 injuries scene of the bus fire

11 Xiamen Bus Fire (June 7, 2013) scene of the bus fire

12 Guiyang Bus Fire (February 27, 2014) scene of the bus fire

13 Guiyang Bus Fire (February 27, 2014) 6 deaths, 35 injuries

14 Guiyang Bus Fire (February 27, 2014) scene of the bus fire

15 Investigation & Analysis: Chengdu scene of the fire investigate

16 Investigation & Analysis: Chengdu fire investigate

17 Investigation & Analysis: Chengdu

18 Investigation & Analysis Cause of Fatal: Failed to Open the Back Door Emergency Window did Not Open in Time Flame Retardant Materials Inside the Bus Passenger Lack of Escape Knowledge Arson and Suicide

19 Arson or Suicide: Chengdu Arsonist Arsonist: Zhang Yunliang (62-year-old man) Zhang reportedly Threatened Suicide because his Family Refused to Continue Supporting him Financially

20 Arson or Suicide: Xiamen Arsonist Arsonist: Chen Shuizong (59 year old man) Unhappy and Pessimistic about his Life, and Planned the Arson to Vent Personal Grievances."

21 Arson or Suicide: Guiyang Arsonist Arsonist: The Man had Suspected his Wife was having an Affair The Police did not Identify the Suspect

22 How to Learn form Bus Fire? Bus Emergency Door Handles Inside

23 How to Learn form Bus Fire? Emergency Door Control Valve

24 How to Learn form Bus Fire? Installation Activities Side Window

25 How to Learn form Bus Fire? New bus must be fitted with escape windows opposite the rear door

26 How to Learn form Bus Fire? fire extinguishing agents By fire extinguishing agent which can be aerosol sprayed at a large angle Nozzle Boot Device Battery line of control line of control Bus Fire Protection System by fine dry powder fire extinguisher

27 How to Learn form Bus Fire? Storage Device Filling Mouth Decoration of Nozzle Boot Device Bus Fire Protection System-Fire-Fighting Test

28 Solutions of Bus Fire Management Safety Specifications for Power-Driven Vehicles Operating on Roads (GB ) REQUIREMENTS TO THE EMERGENCY WINDOW Emergency window should be easy to open from inside or outside; alternatively, safety glazing material can be used, and the hand hammer should be placed at an apparent position for breaking the glass.

29 Solutions of Bus Fire Management Safety Requirements for Bus Construction (GB ) REQUIREMENTS TO THE EMERGENCY SIDE WINDOW emergency side window should be easy to open from inside or outside, or will be breakable glass, and the emergency hammer should be placed at an apparent position for breaking the glass at the near each emergency escape window

30 Solutions of Bus Fire Management Flammability Test of Chengdu Bus Interior Materials Plastic Seat: Oxygen Index is19.1%, Smoke Density is 76 Peak Heat Release Rate is 1152 kw/ m 2 Packing & Seat Backrest(mainly polyurethane soft foam): Peak Heat Release Rate is 413 kw/ m 2 (Thickness 20 mm), Flame Height < 150 mm Ceiling Insulation Foam: 139 kw/ m 2 (Thickness 10 mm) Ceiling Decorative Materials: 392 kw/ m 2 (Thickness 3 mm) Ceiling Ventilation Decorative: 1007 kw/ m 2, Oxygen Index is 19.1% CDK6110H1R Plastic Flooring(Soft PVC): 168 kw/ m 2, Oxygen Index is 23.5%

31 Solutions of Bus Fire Management Flammability of Automotive Interior Materials (GB ) The flammability of interior materials must meet the following technical requirement: The burning rate is not greater than 100 mm/min Fire safety performance of interior materials and furnishings of the bus may be unacceptably low

32 Solutions of Bus Fire Management Requirements and Mark on Burning Behavior of Fire Retarding Products and Subassemblies in Public Place (GB ) Higher fire safety levels of materials and products used in public place according GB While GB performance indicators results in a lot of high calorific value of materials and products used in bus & Coach Proposal argue that: Combustion performance indicators include Horizontal Flame Spread, Toxicity, Smoke Density (ISO , , etc.,)

33 Solutions of Bus Fire Management Flammability Tests for Buses in Future China Standard Interior Materials Horizontal to GB Curtains Horizontal to GB Ceiling Horizontal to GB EU Directive 95/28/EC Interior Materials Horizontal to ISO 3795 Curtains Vertical to ISO 6940 Ceiling Drip test to NF P Slow Fire Spreading, Win the Survival Time!

34 Solutions of Bus Fire Management

35 Solutions of Bus Fire Management Scientific Analysis the Causes of the Bus Fire Reasonable Management System Bus Transit System Safety Program

36 Thanks Mr. James Wang is the Transit Scholar of Chongqing Jiaotong University, Editor-in-Chief of China Bus & Coach Yearbook, and he has published a series of books and articles about Bus & Transit industry in Chinese, A Member of UITP, Busworld Academy; the Fellow of China Civil Engineering Society, the Committee Member of China Public Transportation Association and China Urban Public Transport Society, and the Expert of Bus Institute of China. motorworld@mail.com

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