COSMO-SKYMED SATELLITES FOR SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH AND DISASTER MONITORING
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1 Hans C. Graber Executive Director Center for Southeastern Tropical Advanced Remote Sensing Division of Applied Marine Physics Rosenstiel School of Marine & Atmospheric Science University of Miami COSMO-SKYMED SATELLITES FOR SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH AND DISASTER MONITORING 23 & 24 May 2012 e-geos International Conference, Ergife Palace Hotel, Rome, Italy
2 OUTLINE Introduction Scientific Research Typhoons in Western Pacific River Mouth and Inlet Dynamics Disaster Monitoring Earthquake in Haiti DeepWater Horizon Oil Spill Summary
3 Former U.S. Naval Observatory Alternate Time Tracking Station A Satellite Data Reception and Analysis Facility for Environmental Monitoring and Time Sensitive Applications on Global Scale
4 RESEARCH AND DISASTER MONITORING Use today s commercial satellite technology Relatively inexpensive Readily available Worldwide coverage Develop new processing algorithms Push limits of existing algorithms Validate with other scientific data Be able to monitor large areas Increase areas of monitoring Be able to re-survey areas quickly Increase revisit times Speed of re-surveillance
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7 OBJECTIVES OF TYPHOON EXPERIMENT Can SAR replace wind vector measurements from scatterometers? Can SAR observations improve typhoon forecasting in the Western Pacific? Can SAR observations with a constellation of satellites be accomplished timely and reliably?
8 COLLECTION SEQUENCE OF TYPHOON Key to successful imaging: - Good track forecast - Responsive satellite vendors
9 DETAILS OF TYPHOON MEGI S EYE The red ellipses show the location of the eye wall determined from the image to the left. The dashed ellipses show the location of the previous outer eye wall. Sequence of images helps to understand dynamics of eye and eye wall which is coupled to intensification
10 WIND COMPARISON RADARSAT-2 (C-BAND) & COSMO-SKYMED (X-BAND) Wind algorithm well established for C-band & Ku-band radars RSAT-2 Wind Direction New wind algorithm developed for X-band radars Cosmo Wind Direction
11 RIVER MOUTHS AND INLET DYNAMICS Collection of SAR images to view morphological changes due to tidal dynamics. Characterization of interaction with strong currents, horizontal and vertical current gradients and topography. Observations of SAR signatures of river plumes and fronts. Flow dynamics at river inlet such as turbulent jets, plumes and wave-current interactions.
12 RIVER MOUTHS AND INLET DYNAMICS CSK1: 18 MAY :57
13 RIVER MOUTHS AND INLET DYNAMICS CSK2: 21 MAY :03
14 CSTARS DISASTER ASSESSMENT FOR US SOUTHERN COMMAND IN 2010 Earthquake & Haiti M7.0 earthquake shook Haiti on January 12, 2010 Major destruction and extensive damage Rapid assessment was needed to provide support for humanitarian assistance:. Assessment of damaged infrastructure, e.g. roads, bridges Identify locations to bring in resources Determine damage to cities and villages Determine how accessible and viability of transportation
15 COSMO-SKYMED AMPLITUDE CHANGE Port Au Prince, Haiti First Collect: Apr. 26, :51:49 UTC Second Collect: Jan :18:45 UTC Red areas-more reflection first date / object removed Cyan areas-more reflection second date / object added COSMO-SkyMed Product -ASI 2010 processed under license from ASI Agenzia Spaziale Italiana. All rights reserved. Distributed by e-geos
16 COSMO-SKYMED AMPLITUDE CHANGE DETECTION First Area of Interest COSMO-SkyMed Product -ASI 2010 processed under license from ASI Agenzia Spaziale Italiana. All rights reserved. Distributed by e-geos
17 COSMO-SKYMED AMPLITUDE CHANGE DETECTION FIRST AREA OF INTEREST Objects Blocking Road Around 18:34:40.08 N 072:19:04.59 W COSMO-SkyMed Product -ASI 2010 processed under license from ASI Agenzia Spaziale Italiana. All rights reserved. Distributed by e-geos
18 COSMO-SKYMED AMPLITUDE CHANGE DETECTION Second Area of Interest COSMO-SkyMed Product -ASI 2010 processed under license from ASI Agenzia Spaziale Italiana. All rights reserved. Distributed by e-geos
19 COSMO SKYMED AMPLITUDE CHANGE DETECTION SECOND AREA OF INTEREST Red areas Collapsed/damaged buildings COSMO-SkyMed Product -ASI 2010 processed under license from ASI Agenzia Spaziale Italiana. All rights reserved. Distributed by e-geos
20 COSMO-SKYMED AMPLITUDE CHANGE DETECTION SECOND AREA OF INTEREST Red areas Collapsed/damaged buildings COSMO-SkyMed Product -ASI 2010 processed under license from ASI Agenzia Spaziale Italiana. All rights reserved. Distributed by e-geos
21 THE BEGINNING.. A well explosion on April 20, 2010, killing 11 workers and starting one of the largest oil spills in the Gulf of Mexico. Several attempts to cap leaks (3) have failed. Oil continues to pour into the Gulf from a blown-out undersea well at ~210,000 gpd or 5,000 bpd (very conservative estimate). On April 29, 2010 CSTARS began to coordinate with USG systematic collects of the oil spill.
22 OIL SPILL IN THE GULF OF MEXICO By April 30, the first Daily Brief was produced and satellite data was placed on ftp site within hours of downlink for DOD/IC. By May 2, licenses were extended to include Fed(Civ) and State and Local agencies. By May 9, first Daily Brief to Florida Congressional Staff
23 COLLECTION OVERVIEW Collection overview Satellite Passes CSK2 2 CSK3 2 Envisat 2 ERS2 2 Palsar 1 Radarsat2 1 TerraSARX 1 Total 11
24 OIL SPILL AREA
25 OIL SPILL AREA This combined ENVISAT and Cosmo-Skymed-2 image provides a good overview of the overall oil slick east and south of the Mississippi River Delta. Oil continues to spread into the beaches of the Mississippi, Alabama and Florida Gulf Shores. A large patch of oil is sitting of the southern tip of the Mississippi River Delta. The estimated size of the oil spill is 12,947 sq mi which is equal to the State of Maryland and Puerto Rico combined.
26 COSMO-SKYMED-3 12 JUN :09 GMT (11 JUN 20:09 EDT) 1. Oil continues to spread into bays and inlets west of Barataria Bay, including Bay Melville, Bay Dispute, Cat Bay, Bay Ronquille, Bay Long, Lake Grand Ecaille, Billet Bay, Rattlesnake Bayou and Lake Robinson. 2. Oil encroaching Isle Grande Terre, Grand Terre Islands and shoreline south of Bay Dispute and Bay Long. Red contour as of 10 Jun :57 GMT (07:57 EDT). 2 1
27 COSMO/SKYMED-3 12 JUN :09 GMT (11 JUN 20:09 EDT) 3. Oil streaks adrift south of Barataria Bay. Red contour as of 10 Jun :57 GMT (07:57 EDT). 3
28 OIL SPILL SHORELINE IMPACT Red: Blue: Oil reached the shore miles. Oil further away than 10 miles miles.
29 SUMMARY Satellite image data and products must be timely (<6 hours) Satellite constellation like Cosmo-SkyMed provides frequent revisiting opportunities, multiple imaging modes and polarizations Provide simple products, easy to read and understand Research is key to developing new products Choose correct beam and image modes Close cooperation between satellite vendors, researchers and operational ground stations provides better business opportunities
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