Friday!! Remember: DBQ and Journal Check on Tuesday

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1 Friday!! Remember: DBQ and Journal Check on Tuesday DBQ: progressivism, and was it an effective movement? FYI- make sure to check out stuff about child labor (laws and such) You must complete all journal entries to get credit! The weekend is almost here!!

2 Last night s reading Talked about OVER HERE - America during WWI Depending on how much time we have today, we will look at some stuff with that- if we don t have time- you can check it out on my website if you d like!

3 America Enters WWI #14

4 WWI- A New Kind of War

5 April 2, 1917 We declare war on Germany (and therefore the Central Powers) Things are not looking good for the Allies Russia and Germany had signed a separate peace treaty (11/1917) Allies were losing supplies, mutinies were happening ahhh!!! The US is NOT ready for war!

6 How not ready are we? In our Army we had: 200,000 officers and men 300,000 old rifles 55 out-of-date airplanes 2 field radio sets Last battle experience? Chasing Pancho Villa around Mexico we didn t catch him

7 John J. Black Jack Pershing Lead the American Expeditionary Forces Selective Service Act The draft! So we get ready! Registered all men between Wilson says it s not really a draft, but a selection from a nation which has volunteered in mass.

8

9 Black and white men are drafted 4 African American regiments were among the first sent into action No black soldiers were allowed to march in victory celebrations that will take place in Paris (at the end of the war)

10 America s Role 1 st American soldiers reached France in June 1917 First action for American soldiers will be in March 1918 In several battles the Americans halt German aggression and drive them into retreat Fresh, enthusiastic troops raised morale and helped turn the tide!

11 America s Sacrifice 48,909 dead and 230,000 wounded Total (including loss to disease): 112,000 Although tragic, it is much less than countries that had been fighting for years

12 TRENCH WARFARE 7 elements! Write the TITLE Describe this element of trench warfare

13 If you are not in class today- this 2 links will help you fill out your chart about the trenches! nchlife.htm 1_trench.html

14 Cross-section of a front-line trench Trench Warfare Trench Warfare type of fighting during World War I in which both sides dug trenches protected by mines and barbed wire

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16 This captured section of German trench helps explain why the initial British artillery barrage did little to weaken the Germans. Much deeper than the British trenches, the German trench system offered amenities such as barber shops and officer clubs.

17 How to build trenches under fire

18 IMPORTANT ASPECTS OF TRENCH WARFARE

19 1. TRENCH CYCLE

20

21

22 2.BOREDOM!

23 3. NO MAN S LAND!

24 4. DAILY DEATH French soldiers firing over their own dead

25 5. SMELL! And GAS! Soldiers digging trenches while protected against gas attacks

26 GAS Country Casualties Deaths ITALY 60,000 4,627 First used by the French (tear gas) Germans were the first to use poisonous gas USA 72,807 1,462 AUSTRIA- HUNGARY BRITISH EMPIRE 100,000 3, ,706 8,109 FRANCE 190,000 8,000 GERMANY 200,000 9,000 RUSSIA 419,340 56,000 OTHER 10,000 1,000

27 DIARY ENTRY of Anthony Hossack on THE FIRST GAS ATTACK

28 6. FROGS, LICE AND WORSE!!

29 Australian ambulance workers transporting men suffering from trench foot to hospital.

30 A photograph of a man suffering from trench foot.

31 7.RATS!

32 Trench Rats Many men killed in the trenches were buried almost where they fell. These corpses, as well as the food scraps that littered the trenches, attracted rats. Quotes from soldiers fighting in the trenches: "The rats were huge. They were so big they would eat a wounded man if he couldn't defend himself." "I saw some rats running from under the dead men's greatcoats, enormous rats, fat with human flesh. My heart pounded as we edged towards one of the bodies. His helmet had rolled off. The man displayed a grimacing face, stripped of flesh; the skull bare, the eyes devoured and from the yawning mouth leapt a rat."

33 WWI firsts and Trench Warfare clips

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