Lecture 32 The Milky Way Galaxy January 15a, 2014
|
|
- Timothy Mathews
- 7 years ago
- Views:
Transcription
1 1 Lecture 32 The Milky Way Galaxy January 15a, 2014
2 2 Size of the Universe The Milky Way galaxy is very much larger than the solar system, from which no manmade object has ever fully escaped (Voyagers 1 and 2 are getting close to escaping) Powers of Ten interactive applet Original Powers of Ten video
3 3 Galaxies Large collections of stars, dust and gas Held together by their gravity. Contain millions to billions of stars. Stars rotate around the center of the galaxy. Our galaxy is the Milky Way
4 4 Structure of the Milky Way Hard to observe our Galaxy -- we are inside. William Herschel -- tried to find where Sun was in the galaxy by counting stars Found same density of stars on all sides Concluded we are in the center.
5 5 Dust Blocks Our View of the Center of the Milky Way
6 6 Shapley Uses Globular Clusters Globular Clusters often orbit outside disk of MW. Shapley observed them mainly on one side of the sky. We are not at the center of the galaxy. to Find the Center Figure 23.9, Chaisson and McMillan, 6 th ed. Astronomy Today, 2008 Pearson Prentice Hall
7 7 Structure of the Milky Way Figure 23.10, Chaisson and McMillan, 6 th ed. Astronomy Today, 2008 Pearson Prentice Hall
8 8 Astronomers deduce that the Milky Way is a disk because they A. see stars arranged in a circular pattern around the north celestial pole. B. see far more stars along the band of the Milky Way than in other directions. C. see a large, dark circle silhouetted against the Milky Way in the Southern Hemisphere. D. see the same number of stars in all directions in the sky.
9 9 Astronomers deduce that the Milky Way is a disk because they A. see stars arranged in a circular pattern around the north celestial pole. B. see far more stars along the band of the Milky Way than in other directions. C. see a large, dark circle silhouetted against the Milky Way in the Southern Hemisphere. D. see the same number of stars in all directions in the sky.
10 10 Components of the Milky Way Disk Young and older stars. Much gas and dust. Extends ~30 kpc in diameter Sun is midway between center and edge of the disk.
11 11 Motions of gas and stars Disk Takes 225 million yrs for Sun to go about the center. Stars rotate differentially Takes different amounts of time for stars to get around the center
12 12 Bulge Young and older stars Gas and dust. At center of disk.
13 13 Halo Mostly old stars. Many stars in globular clusters orbiting center. Little gas so no new star formation.
14 14 Motions of Stars Halo and bulge Stars move in all directions around the center Figure 23.13, Chaisson and McMillan, 6 th ed. Astronomy Today, 2008 Pearson Prentice Hall
15 15 Edge-on Spiral Galaxy Galaxy NGC 4565 Figure 23.3b, Chaisson and McMillan, 6 th ed. Astronomy Today, 2008 Pearson Prentice Hall
16 16 Milky Way Milky Way galaxy from our perspective and at visible wavelength of light
17 17 Mapping the Structure of the Milky Way Dust obscures our view of the galaxy Need to use radio and IR wavelengths of light 21 cm Emission Line Can observe neutral hydrogen (not ionized) The radio wavelength is not obscured by dust H very common in the universe
18 18 Hydrogen emits 21-cm light because of a spin-flip transition.
19 19 Milky Way Optical Near - IR 21 - cm Radio
20 20 Distribution of Gas Much of the gas is concentrated in arms in the disk spiraling around the center Figure 15.18, Arny and Schneider, 5 th ed. Explorations, 2008 The McGraw-Hill Companies
21 21 Spiral Structure in the Milky Way A "God's view" map of Milky Way as seen from far Galactic North (in Coma Berenices). The star-like lines center in a yellow dot representing the position of Sun. The spokes of that "star" are marked with constellation abbreviations, "Cas" for "Cassiopeia", etc. The spiral arms are colored differently in order to highlight what structure belongs to which arm. HII regions are marked as dots colored in the same color as their spiral arm. From Krisciunas and Yenne, The Pictorial Atlas of the Universe, p.145 (ISBN X)
22 22 Spiral Structure in the Milky Way Recent (2008) data from the Spitzer Space Telescope indicates our galaxy has a large bar and perhaps only two major arms with several minor arms. Note in this diagram our Sun is at the bottom. (NASA) Our galaxy may therefore resemble NGC 1365 (below), click here for image info.
23 23 Destruction of Spiral Structure If the spiral arms consisted of matter moving together with the stars, they would wind up and be destroyed within a few rotations. Figure 23.17, Chaisson and McMillan, 6 th ed. Astronomy Today, 2008 Pearson Prentice Hall
24 24 Density Waves Form Spiral Arms Spiral structure may be caused by waves of higher density. Same material is not always in the arm, just temporarily compacted. (See Applet) Slinky Traffic on the highway Lower density Area Density wave Slow moving car Lower density Area
25 25 Density Wave Theory holds that the spiral arms are waves of gas compression that form stars as they go. In the painting at right, gas enters an arm from behind, is compressed, and forms stars. The inset shows spiral galaxy NGC Spiral Arm Formation Figure 23.18, Chaisson and McMillan, 6 th ed. Astronomy Today, 2008 Pearson Prentice Hall
26 26 Spiral Arm Formation Stars form in arms since they have higher density. Recent star formation indicated by some O and B stars. Arms are bright, blue regions
27 27 Spiral Arm Formation Between arms, star formation less recent, less bright. Arms have only 5% more stars than the other area, but they are all very luminous (O and B spectral types)
28 28 Self-Propagating Star Formation Stars form in higher density area. Supernovae later on compress nearby areas, start new star formation Figure 23.19, Chaisson and McMillan, 6 th ed. Astronomy Today, 2008 Pearson Prentice Hall
29 Radio waves of 21-cm wavelength originate from which component of the interstellar medium? A. Cool, neutral atomic hydrogen B. Cool, carbon monoxide, CO C. Cold, molecular hydrogen, H 2 D. Hot, ionized atomic hydrogen 25% 25% 25% 25% 0 of 78 Cool, neutral... Cool, carbon m... Cold, molecula... Hot, ionized a... 90
30 How can you tell the difference between a young collection and an old collection of stars? A. Collections of young stars are redder. B. Collections of young stars are darker. C. Collections of young stars move faster. D. Collections of young stars are bluer. 0% 0% 0% 0% 0 of 78 Collections of young star... Collections of young star... Collections of young sta.. Collections of young star... 90
31 31 Astronomers think the Milky Way has spiral arms because A. they can see them unwinding along the celestial equator. B. radio maps show that gas clouds are distributed in the disk with a spiral pattern. C. young star clusters, HII regions, and associations outline spiral arms. D. globular clusters outline spiral arms. E. Both (b) and (c) are correct.
32 32 Astronomers think the Milky Way has spiral arms because A. they can see them unwinding along the celestial equator. B. radio maps show that gas clouds are distributed in the disk with a spiral pattern. C. young star clusters, HII regions, and associations outline spiral arms. D. globular clusters outline spiral arms. E. Both (b) and (c) are correct.
33 33 Two Populations A clue to the formation of the Milky Way comes from two populations of stars Population II old, contain few heavy elements, follow steeply inclined orbits, probably formed early from infalling gas Population I younger, more heavy elements, circular orbits in disk. Probably formed after Milky Way got its overall structure.
34 34 Center of the Galaxy Center suspected to contain billions of stars Cannot observe center in visible light due to dust, so we use IR and radio observations Bright source near center in radio - Sagittarius A* Probably a black hole at the center
35 35 Galactic Center Radio image of Galactic center. ~60 parsecs across Filaments may be associated with magnetic field. Radio image of Galactic center ~7 parsecs across Sagittarius A* at center.
36 36 Black Hole at the Center Stars are orbiting center (Sagittarius A*) very quickly. Estimated 4.3 million solar masses contained in an area 0.30 AU across Likely black hole. IR image of Galactic Center movie
37 37 A young, blue star moving along a circular orbit in the disk of the Milky Way is a A. Population I star B. Population II star C. Not enough information
38 38 A young, blue star moving along a circular orbit in the disk of the Milky Way is a A. Population I star B. Population II star C. Not enough information
In studying the Milky Way, we have a classic problem of not being able to see the forest for the trees.
In studying the Milky Way, we have a classic problem of not being able to see the forest for the trees. A panoramic painting of the Milky Way as seen from Earth, done by Knut Lundmark in the 1940 s. The
More information165 points. Name Date Period. Column B a. Cepheid variables b. luminosity c. RR Lyrae variables d. Sagittarius e. variable stars
Name Date Period 30 GALAXIES AND THE UNIVERSE SECTION 30.1 The Milky Way Galaxy In your textbook, read about discovering the Milky Way. (20 points) For each item in Column A, write the letter of the matching
More informationChapter 15.3 Galaxy Evolution
Chapter 15.3 Galaxy Evolution Elliptical Galaxies Spiral Galaxies Irregular Galaxies Are there any connections between the three types of galaxies? How do galaxies form? How do galaxies evolve? P.S. You
More informationOrigins of the Cosmos Summer 2016. Pre-course assessment
Origins of the Cosmos Summer 2016 Pre-course assessment In order to grant two graduate credits for the workshop, we do require you to spend some hours before arriving at Penn State. We encourage all of
More informationModeling Galaxy Formation
Galaxy Evolution is the study of how galaxies form and how they change over time. As was the case with we can not observe an individual galaxy evolve but we can observe different galaxies at various stages
More informationThe Messier Objects As A Tool in Teaching Astronomy
The Messier Objects As A Tool in Teaching Astronomy Dr. Jesus Rodrigo F. Torres President, Rizal Technological University Individual Member, International Astronomical Union Chairman, Department of Astronomy,
More informationAstro 102 Test 5 Review Spring 2016. See Old Test 4 #16-23, Test 5 #1-3, Old Final #1-14
Astro 102 Test 5 Review Spring 2016 See Old Test 4 #16-23, Test 5 #1-3, Old Final #1-14 Sec 14.5 Expanding Universe Know: Doppler shift, redshift, Hubble s Law, cosmic distance ladder, standard candles,
More information8.1 Radio Emission from Solar System objects
8.1 Radio Emission from Solar System objects 8.1.1 Moon and Terrestrial planets At visible wavelengths all the emission seen from these objects is due to light reflected from the sun. However at radio
More informationClass 2 Solar System Characteristics Formation Exosolar Planets
Class 1 Introduction, Background History of Modern Astronomy The Night Sky, Eclipses and the Seasons Kepler's Laws Newtonian Gravity General Relativity Matter and Light Telescopes Class 2 Solar System
More informationThe Hidden Lives of Galaxies. Jim Lochner, USRA & NASA/GSFC
The Hidden Lives of Galaxies Jim Lochner, USRA & NASA/GSFC What is a Galaxy? Solar System Distance from Earth to Sun = 93,000,000 miles = 8 light-minutes Size of Solar System = 5.5 light-hours What is
More informationA Universe of Galaxies
A Universe of Galaxies Today s Lecture: Other Galaxies (Chapter 16, pages 366-397) Types of Galaxies Habitats of Galaxies Dark Matter Other Galaxies Originally called spiral nebulae because of their shape.
More informationNational Aeronautics and Space Administration. Teacher s. Science Background. GalaxY Q&As
National Aeronautics and Space Administration Science Background Teacher s GalaxY Q&As 1. What is a galaxy? A galaxy is an enormous collection of a few million to several trillion stars, gas, and dust
More informationUsing Photometric Data to Derive an HR Diagram for a Star Cluster
Using Photometric Data to Derive an HR Diagram for a Star Cluster In In this Activity, we will investigate: 1. How to use photometric data for an open cluster to derive an H-R Diagram for the stars and
More informationFaber-Jackson relation: Fundamental Plane: Faber-Jackson Relation
Faber-Jackson relation: Faber-Jackson Relation In 1976, Faber & Jackson found that: Roughly, L! " 4 More luminous galaxies have deeper potentials Can show that this follows from the Virial Theorem Why
More information1 A Solar System Is Born
CHAPTER 3 1 A Solar System Is Born SECTION Formation of the Solar System BEFORE YOU READ After you read this section, you should be able to answer these questions: What is a nebula? How did our solar system
More informationThe Size & Shape of the Galaxy
name The Size & Shape of the Galaxy The whole lab consists of plotting two graphs. What s the catch? Aha visualizing and understanding what you have plotted of course! Form the Earth Science Picture of
More informationTop 10 Discoveries by ESO Telescopes
Top 10 Discoveries by ESO Telescopes European Southern Observatory reaching new heights in astronomy Exploring the Universe from the Atacama Desert, in Chile since 1964 ESO is the most productive astronomical
More information13 Space Photos To Remind You The Universe Is Incredible
13 Space Photos To Remind You The Universe Is Incredible NASA / Via photojournal.jpl.nasa.gov New ultraviolet images from NASA s Galaxy Evolution Explorer shows a speeding star that is leaving an enormous
More informationUNIT V. Earth and Space. Earth and the Solar System
UNIT V Earth and Space Chapter 9 Earth and the Solar System EARTH AND OTHER PLANETS A solar system contains planets, moons, and other objects that orbit around a star or the star system. The solar system
More informationThe Milky Way Galaxy is Heading for a Major Cosmic Collision
The Milky Way Galaxy is Heading for a Major Cosmic Collision Roeland van der Marel (STScI) [based on work with a team of collaborators reported in the Astrophysical Journal July 2012] Hubble Science Briefing
More information7. In which part of the electromagnetic spectrum are molecules most easily detected? A. visible light B. radio waves C. X rays D.
1. Most interstellar matter is too cold to be observed optically. Its radiation can be detected in which part of the electromagnetic spectrum? A. gamma ray B. ultraviolet C. infrared D. X ray 2. The space
More information1.1 A Modern View of the Universe" Our goals for learning: What is our place in the universe?"
Chapter 1 Our Place in the Universe 1.1 A Modern View of the Universe What is our place in the universe? What is our place in the universe? How did we come to be? How can we know what the universe was
More informationAnswers for the Student Worksheet for the Hubble Space Telescope Scavenger Hunt
Instructions: Answers are typed in blue. Answers for the Student Worksheet for the Hubble Space Telescope Scavenger Hunt Crab Nebula What is embedded in the center of the nebula? Neutron star Who first
More informationObserving the Universe
Observing the Universe Stars & Galaxies Telescopes Any questions for next Monday? Light Doppler effect Doppler shift Doppler shift Spectra Doppler effect Spectra Stars Star and planet formation Sun Low-mass
More informationWELCOME to Aurorae In the Solar System. J.E. Klemaszewski
WELCOME to Aurorae In the Solar System Aurorae in the Solar System Sponsoring Projects Galileo Europa Mission Jupiter System Data Analysis Program ACRIMSAT Supporting Projects Ulysses Project Outer Planets
More informationWeek 1-2: Overview of the Universe & the View from the Earth
Week 1-2: Overview of the Universe & the View from the Earth Hassen M. Yesuf (hyesuf@ucsc.edu) September 29, 2011 1 Lecture summary Protein molecules, the building blocks of a living organism, are made
More informationIntroduction to the Solar System
Introduction to the Solar System Lesson Objectives Describe some early ideas about our solar system. Name the planets, and describe their motion around the Sun. Explain how the solar system formed. Introduction
More informationEllipticals. Elliptical galaxies: Elliptical galaxies: Some ellipticals are not so simple M89 E0
Elliptical galaxies: Ellipticals Old view (ellipticals are boring, simple systems)! Ellipticals contain no gas & dust! Ellipticals are composed of old stars! Ellipticals formed in a monolithic collapse,
More informationClass #14/15 14/16 October 2008
Class #14/15 14/16 October 2008 Thursday, Oct 23 in class You ll be given equations and constants Bring a calculator, paper Closed book/notes Topics Stellar evolution/hr-diagram/manipulate the IMF ISM
More informationWhat is the Sloan Digital Sky Survey?
What is the Sloan Digital Sky Survey? Simply put, the Sloan Digital Sky Survey is the most ambitious astronomical survey ever undertaken. The survey will map one-quarter of the entire sky in detail, determining
More informationIV. Molecular Clouds. 1. Molecular Cloud Spectra
IV. Molecular Clouds Dark structures in the ISM emit molecular lines. Dense gas cools, Metals combine to form molecules, Molecular clouds form. 1. Molecular Cloud Spectra 1 Molecular Lines emerge in absorption:
More informationGalaxy Classification and Evolution
name Galaxy Classification and Evolution Galaxy Morphologies In order to study galaxies and their evolution in the universe, it is necessary to categorize them by some method. A classification scheme generally
More informationActivity: Multiwavelength Bingo
ctivity: Multiwavelength background: lmost everything that we know about distant objects in the Universe comes from studying the light that is emitted or reflected by them. The entire range of energies
More informationThe Solar Journey: Modeling Features of the Local Bubble and Galactic Environment of the Sun
The Solar Journey: Modeling Features of the Local Bubble and Galactic Environment of the Sun P.C. Frisch and A.J. Hanson Department of Astronomy and Astrophysics University of Chicago and Computer Science
More informationLecture 7 Formation of the Solar System. Nebular Theory. Origin of the Solar System. Origin of the Solar System. The Solar Nebula
Origin of the Solar System Lecture 7 Formation of the Solar System Reading: Chapter 9 Quiz#2 Today: Lecture 60 minutes, then quiz 20 minutes. Homework#1 will be returned on Thursday. Our theory must explain
More informationTELESCOPE AS TIME MACHINE
TELESCOPE AS TIME MACHINE Read this article about NASA s latest high-tech space telescope. Then, have fun doing one or both of the word puzzles that use the important words in the article. A TELESCOPE
More information5. The Nature of Light. Does Light Travel Infinitely Fast? EMR Travels At Finite Speed. EMR: Electric & Magnetic Waves
5. The Nature of Light Light travels in vacuum at 3.0. 10 8 m/s Light is one form of electromagnetic radiation Continuous radiation: Based on temperature Wien s Law & the Stefan-Boltzmann Law Light has
More informationHow Do Galeries Form?
8-5-2015see http://www.strw.leidenuniv.nl/ franx/college/ mf-sts-2015-c9-1 8-5-2015see http://www.strw.leidenuniv.nl/ franx/college/ mf-sts-2015-c9-2 Galaxy Formation Leading questions for today How do
More informationLab 7: Gravity and Jupiter's Moons
Lab 7: Gravity and Jupiter's Moons Image of Galileo Spacecraft Gravity is the force that binds all astronomical structures. Clusters of galaxies are gravitationally bound into the largest structures in
More informationScience Investigations: Investigating Astronomy Teacher s Guide
Teacher s Guide Grade Level: 6 12 Curriculum Focus: Astronomy/Space Duration: 7 segments; 66 minutes Program Description This library of videos contains seven segments on celestial bodies and related science.
More informationSo What All Is Out There, Anyway?
So What All Is Out There, Anyway? Imagine that, like Alice in Wonderland, you have taken a magic potion that makes you grow bigger and bigger. You get so big that soon you are a giant. You can barely make
More informationCELESTIAL MOTIONS. In Charlottesville we see Polaris 38 0 above the Northern horizon. Earth. Starry Vault
CELESTIAL MOTIONS Stars appear to move counterclockwise on the surface of a huge sphere the Starry Vault, in their daily motions about Earth Polaris remains stationary. In Charlottesville we see Polaris
More informationASTR 115: Introduction to Astronomy. Stephen Kane
ASTR 115: Introduction to Astronomy Stephen Kane ASTR 115: Introduction to Astronomy Textbook: The Essential Cosmic Perspective, 7th Edition Homework will be via the Mastering Astronomy web site: www.pearsonmastering.com
More informationCalifornia Standards Grades 9 12 Boardworks 2009 Science Contents Standards Mapping
California Standards Grades 912 Boardworks 2009 Science Contents Standards Mapping Earth Sciences Earth s Place in the Universe 1. Astronomy and planetary exploration reveal the solar system s structure,
More informationCosmic Journey: Teacher Packet
Cosmic Journey: Teacher Packet Compiled by: Morehead State University Star Theatre with help from Bethany DeMoss Table of Contents Table of Contents 1 Corresponding Standards 2 Vocabulary 4 Sizing up the
More informationBe Stars. By Carla Morton
Be Stars By Carla Morton Index 1. Stars 2. Spectral types 3. B Stars 4. Be stars 5. Bibliography How stars are formed Stars are composed of gas Hydrogen is the main component of stars. Stars are formed
More informationBeginning of the Universe Classwork 6 th Grade PSI Science
Beginning of the Universe Classwork Name: 6 th Grade PSI Science 1 4 2 5 6 3 7 Down: 1. Edwin discovered that galaxies are spreading apart. 2. This theory explains how the Universe was flattened. 3. All
More informationAn Introduction to Astronomy and Cosmology. 1) Astronomy - an Observational Science
An Introduction to Astronomy and Cosmology 1) Astronomy - an Observational Science Why study Astronomy 1 A fascinating subject in its own right. The origin and Evolution of the universe The Big Bang formation
More informationLecture 10 Formation of the Solar System January 6c, 2014
1 Lecture 10 Formation of the Solar System January 6c, 2014 2 Orbits of the Planets 3 Clues for the Formation of the SS All planets orbit in roughly the same plane about the Sun. All planets orbit in the
More informationSTAAR Science Tutorial 30 TEK 8.8C: Electromagnetic Waves
Name: Teacher: Pd. Date: STAAR Science Tutorial 30 TEK 8.8C: Electromagnetic Waves TEK 8.8C: Explore how different wavelengths of the electromagnetic spectrum such as light and radio waves are used to
More informationNewton s Law of Gravity
Gravitational Potential Energy On Earth, depends on: object s mass (m) strength of gravity (g) distance object could potentially fall Gravitational Potential Energy In space, an object or gas cloud has
More informationEDMONDS COMMUNITY COLLEGE ASTRONOMY 100 Winter Quarter 2007 Sample Test # 1
Instructor: L. M. Khandro EDMONDS COMMUNITY COLLEGE ASTRONOMY 100 Winter Quarter 2007 Sample Test # 1 1. An arc second is a measure of a. time interval between oscillations of a standard clock b. time
More informationPLAGIARISM. Types of Plagiarism considered here: Type I: Copy & Paste Type II: Word Switch Type III: Style Type IV: Metaphor Type V Idea
SPECIAL THANKS TO DR. CECILIA BAMBAUM, WHO HAS GRACIOUSLY AGREED TO ALLOW US TO POST THIS DOCUMENT IT WILL BE USED BY SEVERAL TEACHERS DURING THE YEAR TO HELP EXPLAIN PLAGIARISM IN ALL ITS FORMS TO FIRESIDE
More informationPopulations and Components of the Milky Way
Chapter 2 Populations and Components of the Milky Way Our perspective from within the Milky Way gives us an opportunity to study a disk galaxy in detail. At the same time, it s not always easy to relate
More informationThe Expanding Universe
Stars, Galaxies, Guided Reading and Study This section explains how astronomers think the universe and the solar system formed. Use Target Reading Skills As you read about the evidence that supports the
More informationThe Celestial Sphere. Questions for Today. The Celestial Sphere 1/18/10
Lecture 3: Constellations and the Distances to the Stars Astro 2010 Prof. Tom Megeath Questions for Today How do the stars move in the sky? What causes the phases of the moon? What causes the seasons?
More informationModeling the Expanding Universe
H9 Modeling the Expanding Universe Activity H9 Grade Level: 8 12 Source: This activity is produced by the Universe Forum at NASA s Office of Space Science, along with their Structure and Evolution of the
More informationScience Standard 4 Earth in Space Grade Level Expectations
Science Standard 4 Earth in Space Grade Level Expectations Science Standard 4 Earth in Space Our Solar System is a collection of gravitationally interacting bodies that include Earth and the Moon. Universal
More informationSTUDY GUIDE: Earth Sun Moon
The Universe is thought to consist of trillions of galaxies. Our galaxy, the Milky Way, has billions of stars. One of those stars is our Sun. Our solar system consists of the Sun at the center, and all
More informationastronomy 2008 1. A planet was viewed from Earth for several hours. The diagrams below represent the appearance of the planet at four different times.
1. A planet was viewed from Earth for several hours. The diagrams below represent the appearance of the planet at four different times. 5. If the distance between the Earth and the Sun were increased,
More informationCarol and Charles see their pencils fall exactly straight down.
Section 24-1 1. Carol is in a railroad car on a train moving west along a straight stretch of track at a constant speed of 120 km/h, and Charles is in a railroad car on a train at rest on a siding along
More informationSize and Scale of the Universe
Size and Scale of the Universe (Teacher Guide) Overview: The Universe is very, very big. But just how big it is and how we fit into the grand scheme can be quite difficult for a person to grasp. The distances
More informationStudy Guide: Solar System
Study Guide: Solar System 1. How many planets are there in the solar system? 2. What is the correct order of all the planets in the solar system? 3. Where can a comet be located in the solar system? 4.
More informationThe Earth, Sun & Moon. The Universe. The Earth, Sun & Moon. The Universe
Football Review- Earth, Moon, Sun 1. During a total solar eclipse, when almost all of the Sun's light traveling to the Earth is blocked by the Moon, what is the order of the Earth, Sun, and Moon? A. Moon,
More informationThe Solar System. Unit 4 covers the following framework standards: ES 10 and PS 11. Content was adapted the following:
Unit 4 The Solar System Chapter 7 ~ The History of the Solar System o Section 1 ~ The Formation of the Solar System o Section 2 ~ Observing the Solar System Chapter 8 ~ The Parts the Solar System o Section
More informationLecture 6: distribution of stars in. elliptical galaxies
Lecture 6: distribution of stars in topics: elliptical galaxies examples of elliptical galaxies different classes of ellipticals equation for distribution of light actual distributions and more complex
More informationWhich month has larger and smaller day time?
ACTIVITY-1 Which month has larger and smaller day time? Problem: Which month has larger and smaller day time? Aim: Finding out which month has larger and smaller duration of day in the Year 2006. Format
More informationThe Interstellar Medium Astronomy 216 Spring 2005
The Interstellar Medium Astronomy 216 Spring 2005 Al Glassgold & James Graham University of California, Berkeley The Interstellar Medium/Media (ISM) What is the ISM? Just what it says: The stuff between
More informationFirst Discoveries. Asteroids
First Discoveries The Sloan Digital Sky Survey began operating on June 8, 1998. Since that time, SDSS scientists have been hard at work analyzing data and drawing conclusions. This page describes seven
More informationCELESTIAL CLOCK - THE SUN, THE MOON, AND THE STARS
INTRODUCTION CELESTIAL CLOCK - THE SUN, THE MOON, AND THE STARS This is a scientific presentation to provide you with knowledge you can use to understand the sky above in relation to the earth. Before
More informationTHE HR DIAGRAM THE MOST FAMOUS DIAGRAM in ASTRONOMY Mike Luciuk
THE HR DIAGRAM THE MOST FAMOUS DIAGRAM in ASTRONOMY Mike Luciuk 1.INTRODUCTION Late in the nineteenth century, astronomers had tools that revealed a great deal about stars. By that time, advances in telescope
More informationGrade 6 Standard 3 Unit Test A Astronomy. 1. The four inner planets are rocky and small. Which description best fits the next four outer planets?
Grade 6 Standard 3 Unit Test A Astronomy Multiple Choice 1. The four inner planets are rocky and small. Which description best fits the next four outer planets? A. They are also rocky and small. B. They
More informationDefining Characteristics (write a short description, provide enough detail so that anyone could use your scheme)
GEMS COLLABORATON engage The diagram above shows a mosaic of 40 galaxies. These images were taken with Hubble Space Telescope and show the variety of shapes that galaxies can assume. When astronomer Edwin
More informationOnce you have assembled the cards, they can be used either as fact cards or for a variety of activities in the classroom including:
Our Place in Space This activity consists of a series of 15 cards that include images of astronomical objects on the front and information about these objects on the reverse. The card backs include information
More informationThe Layout of the Solar System
The Layout of the Solar System Planets fall into two main categories Terrestrial (i.e. Earth-like) Jovian (i.e. Jupiter-like or gaseous) [~5000 kg/m 3 ] [~1300 kg/m 3 ] What is density? Average density
More information1-2. What is the name given to the path of the Sun as seen from Earth? a.) Equinox b.) Celestial equator c.) Solstice d.
Chapter 1 1-1. How long does it take the Earth to orbit the Sun? a.) one sidereal day b.) one month c.) one year X d.) one hour 1-2. What is the name given to the path of the Sun as seen from Earth? a.)
More informationNeutron Stars. How were neutron stars discovered? The first neutron star was discovered by 24-year-old graduate student Jocelyn Bell in 1967.
Neutron Stars How were neutron stars discovered? The first neutron star was discovered by 24-year-old graduate student Jocelyn Bell in 1967. Using a radio telescope she noticed regular pulses of radio
More informationChapter 1: Our Place in the Universe. 2005 Pearson Education Inc., publishing as Addison-Wesley
Chapter 1: Our Place in the Universe Topics Our modern view of the universe The scale of the universe Cinema graphic tour of the local universe Spaceship earth 1.1 A Modern View of the Universe Our goals
More informationNuclear fusion in stars. Collapse of primordial density fluctuations into galaxies and stars, nucleosynthesis in stars
Nuclear fusion in stars Collapse of primordial density fluctuations into galaxies and stars, nucleosynthesis in stars The origin of structure in the Universe Until the time of formation of protogalaxies,
More informationSummary: Four Major Features of our Solar System
Summary: Four Major Features of our Solar System How did the solar system form? According to the nebular theory, our solar system formed from the gravitational collapse of a giant cloud of interstellar
More informationProbes of Star Formation in the Early Universe
Gamma Ray Bursts Probes of Star Formation in the Early Universe Edward P.J.van den Heuvel Universiteit van Amsterdam &KITP-UCSB KITP, March 17, 2007 Age of the Universe: 13.7 billion years Age of our Milky
More informationPlanets beyond the solar system
Planets beyond the solar system Review of our solar system Why search How to search Eclipses Motion of parent star Doppler Effect Extrasolar planet discoveries A star is 5 parsecs away, what is its parallax?
More informationAdaptive Optics (AO) TMT Partner Institutions Collaborating Institution Acknowledgements
THIRTY METER TELESCOPE The past century of astronomy research has yielded remarkable insights into the nature and origin of the Universe. This scientific advancement has been fueled by progressively larger
More informationLight as a Wave. The Nature of Light. EM Radiation Spectrum. EM Radiation Spectrum. Electromagnetic Radiation
The Nature of Light Light and other forms of radiation carry information to us from distance astronomical objects Visible light is a subset of a huge spectrum of electromagnetic radiation Maxwell pioneered
More informationThe facts we know today will be the same tomorrow but today s theories may tomorrow be obsolete.
The Scale of the Universe Some Introductory Material and Pretty Pictures The facts we know today will be the same tomorrow but today s theories may tomorrow be obsolete. A scientific theory is regarded
More informationBig bang, red shift and doppler effect
Big bang, red shift and doppler effect 73 minutes 73 marks Page of 26 Q. (a) Scientists have observed that the wavelengths of the light from galaxies moving away from the Earth are longer than expected.
More informationSolar System Formation
Solar System Formation Solar System Formation Question: How did our solar system and other planetary systems form? Comparative planetology has helped us understand Compare the differences and similarities
More informationAstronomy 110 Homework #04 Assigned: 02/06/2007 Due: 02/13/2007. Name:
Astronomy 110 Homework #04 Assigned: 02/06/2007 Due: 02/13/2007 Name: Directions: Listed below are twenty (20) multiple-choice questions based on the material covered by the lectures this past week. Choose
More informationScience@ESA vodcast series. Script for Episode 6 Charting the Galaxy - from Hipparcos to Gaia
Science@ESA vodcast series Script for Episode 6 Charting the Galaxy - from Hipparcos to Gaia Available to download from http://sci.esa.int/gaia/vodcast Hello, I m Rebecca Barnes and welcome to the Science@ESA
More informationFrom lowest energy to highest energy, which of the following correctly orders the different categories of electromagnetic radiation?
From lowest energy to highest energy, which of the following correctly orders the different categories of electromagnetic radiation? From lowest energy to highest energy, which of the following correctly
More informationTest 2 --- Natural Sciences 102, Professors Rieke --- VERSION B March 3, 2010
Enter your answers on the form provided. Be sure to write your name and student ID number on the first blank at the bottom of the form. Please mark the version (B) in the Key ID space at the top of the
More informationName Class Date. true
Exercises 131 The Falling Apple (page 233) 1 Describe the legend of Newton s discovery that gravity extends throughout the universe According to legend, Newton saw an apple fall from a tree and realized
More informationgalaxy solar system supernova (noun) (noun) (noun)
WORDS IN CONTEXT DAY 1 (Page 1 of 4) galaxy A galaxy is a collection of stars, gas, and dust. We live in the Milky Way galaxy. One galaxy may contain billions of stars. solar system A solar system revolves
More informationNOTES: GEORGIA HIGH SCHOOL SCIENCE TEST THE SOLAR SYSTEM
NOTES: GEORGIA HIGH SCHOOL SCIENCE TEST THE SOLAR SYSTEM 1.What is a Solar system? A solar system consists of: * one central star, the Sun and * nine planets: Mercury, Venus, Earth, Mars, Jupiter, Saturn,
More informationThe Universe. The Solar system, Stars and Galaxies
The Universe The Universe is everything. All us, the room, the U.S. the earth, the solar system, all the other stars in the Milky way galaxy, all the other galaxies... everything. How big and how old is
More informationUnit 8 Lesson 2 Gravity and the Solar System
Unit 8 Lesson 2 Gravity and the Solar System Gravity What is gravity? Gravity is a force of attraction between objects that is due to their masses and the distances between them. Every object in the universe
More informationAstronomy & Physics Resources for Middle & High School Teachers
Astronomy & Physics Resources for Middle & High School Teachers Gillian Wilson http://www.faculty.ucr.edu/~gillianw/k12 A cosmologist is.... an astronomer who studies the formation and evolution of the
More informationFXA 2008. UNIT G485 Module 5 5.5.1 Structure of the Universe. Δλ = v λ c CONTENTS OF THE UNIVERSE. Candidates should be able to :
1 Candidates should be able to : CONTENTS OF THE UNIVERSE Describe the principal contents of the universe, including stars, galaxies and radiation. Describe the solar system in terms of the Sun, planets,
More informationThe Universe Inside of You: Where do the atoms in your body come from?
The Universe Inside of You: Where do the atoms in your body come from? Matthew Mumpower University of Notre Dame Thursday June 27th 2013 Nucleosynthesis nu cle o syn the sis The formation of new atomic
More informationData Provided: A formula sheet and table of physical constants is attached to this paper. DARK MATTER AND THE UNIVERSE
Data Provided: A formula sheet and table of physical constants is attached to this paper. DEPARTMENT OF PHYSICS AND ASTRONOMY Autumn Semester (2014-2015) DARK MATTER AND THE UNIVERSE 2 HOURS Answer question
More information