Getting Started. Stay Safe Keep safe when making this kit! Wear protective eye wear when soldering and clipping component legs.

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1 Technology Will Save Us Getting Started Stay Safe Keep safe when making this kit! Wear protective eye wear when soldering and clipping component legs. Top Tips Keep an eye out for the top tips. They are highlighted in a yellow box like this! Making Time The kit takes about a fun filled hour to complete, depending on how creative you get with the personalisation of your instrument. Useful Appendix Further information on all the components in this kit can be found in the Appendix at the back of the manual. Learn about their use within the circuit you are building. 3

2 SOLDERING 101 STEP 1. Place the component into the PCB (Printed Circuit Board), make sure it goes in the correct way and it is sitting right against the board. Bend the legs to keep the component in position. STEP 2. Turn the PCB around. Place the soldering iron tip at the point on the PCB where the leg of the component meets the solder pad. Heat for about 3-4 seconds. 4

3 Technology Will Save Us STEP 3. Using your other hand, add solder to the heated pad. Add enough solder to cover the pad and the base of the components leg. Remove the solder and leave the iron for another second. STEP 4. After soldering both legs, take your side cutters and remove the excess component leg. If you make a mistake, re-heat the join and use a solder sucker to remove the molten solder. 5

4 Making your DIY Instrument Parts: 1) 1x 1.2K Ohm (Ω) Resistor 2) 2x 150 Ohm (Ω) Resistor 3) 2x LDRs (Light Dependent Resistors) 4) 2x LEDs (Light-Emitting Diodes) 5) 1x Integrated Circuit (IC) 6) 1x DIL Socket 7) 1x On/Off Switch 8) 1x Transistor 9) 1x Capacitor 10) 1x Speaker 11) 1x Double Sided foam tape 12) 1x AA Battery Holder 13) 1x Instrument Printed Circuit Board (PCB) 14) 1x Acrylic Casing Not Included in Kit: Blue or White Tack (not included, but helpful for soldering) Solder Solder Sucker Wire Cutters 6 Components

5 Technology Will Save Us Top Tip Some components may look slightly different to the ones above, don t be alarmed, this is normal! 7

6 1 Resistor R1 Find the 1.2K Ohm (Ω) resistor. (Look at the stripes: Brown, Red, Red, Gold) Form the resistor into a staple (As shown, right), and then place it so that it sits flat against the PCB, in the correct location - R1. Resistors don t have polarity so they can go in either way and work fine! 8 Step 1

7 Technology Will Save Us When you have done this, flip the board over and bend the legs out at 45º to the PCB. This helps to keep the resistor in place when you are soldering it. Solder the legs to the pads (gold ring) by heating both the leg and the pad together with the side-tip of the iron for 3/4 seconds and then melt in a bit of solder. Top Tip Bring the soldering iron to your first pin. Place the edge of the tip against both the pin and the gold metallic pad. Leave the iron there for 3-4 seconds so they both heat up. Apply solder to the point where the pin and the pad make contact with the iron. Once there is enough solder to cover the whole pad (but not enough for a mountain!) Remove the solder and wait with the iron in place for one more second. Step 1 9

8 2 Resistor R2 & R3 Follow the same process as the R1 resistor with the two 150 Ohm (Ω) resistors (Brown, Green, Brown, Gold). (R2 &R3) Top Tip Melted solder attaches itself to very hot surfaces - make sure both the parts you are trying to connect are given equal heat. Otherwise you ll end up with a cold joint, which will result in an F in your soldering exam! Repeat the soldering technique from step Step 2

9 Technology Will Save Us Use your side cutters to clip the legs off just above the solder joint. Remember to hold onto the leg before you clip it so that it doesn t fly into someone s eyeball. Top Tip If you have a hard time holding the component leg while you trim it, simply cover the area with your other hand while you re pruning them. That way the leg won t fly into your eyeball! You have now completed the 3 resistors! Step 2 11

10 3 LDR s (Light Dependent Resistors) The LDR s legs need to be bent at 90 degrees before inserting them into the PCB. So that they are facing away from the round speaker. LDR s are a type of resistor so they don t have polarity & can go in either way! Top Tip Make sure that the LDR s are facing the correct way around in the PCB. Now follow the soldering process you did for the other resistors (Bend the legs out at 45º, solder and clip the legs) Top Tip The LDR s are light sensors that change their resistance dependent on how much light they receive. In the case of the DIY Instrument by blocking the light beams created by the LED to the LDR you will create different variances of resistance which will in turn create different frequencies of sound. Pretty cool right! 12 Step 3

11 4 LED s (Light-emitting diodes) The LED s legs need to be bent down 90º before inserting them. They must also be orientated the same way around as the illustration on the PCB. Pay attention to which way round the long (positive) and short (ground) legs go. Top Tip Components that have some kind of visible asymmetry are usually trying to tell you something. Often the polarity of the component. In this case the long leg refers to the positive side of the LED. Now solder them into place on your board! Step 4 13

12 5 DIL Socket Take your DIL Socket pictured right, noticing the small notch at one end. This is the housing for the IC (Integrated Circuit) that will protect it from heat whilst you solder. Place the DIL socket into your board. Making sure you match up the notch on the DIL Socket with the one on illustrated your board. 14 Step 5

13 Technology Will Save Us Flip over the PCB and solder in each pin of the chip. The pins are already quite short so you don t need to clip them. Step 5 15

14 6 Integrated Circuit (IC) Insert the Integrated Circuit (IC) Chip into the DIL socket. Once again make sure you match up the notch on the end of the IC Chip with the notch in the DIL Socket. Top Tip Sometimes the IC Chip can be a little difficult to insert. It helps to bend the pins very slightly inwards against a hard flat surface. (See image on the right) This makes sure they are all bent evenly and so will fit snugly into your DIL Socket. 16 Step 6

15 7 On/Off Switch Insert the switch in the same position as seen in the photo. Try to keep the switch flat against the PCB. Flip over the PCB and solder in each pin of the chip. The pins are already quite short so you don t need to clip them. Step 7 17

16 8 Transistor Take your Transistor, noting the flat and curved faces on the component. Place the Transistor into the marked position on the board. Now follow the same soldering process you did in the previous steps. (Bend the legs, solder and clip) Top Tip Make sure the Transistor is the right way round! Match the flat side on the component with the flat side illustrated on your board. 18 Step 8

17 9 Capacitor Take your Capacitor which is pictured on the right. Insert the Capacitor into the marked position on your board. We are using a ceramic capacitor that has no polarity so they can go in either way around! Then just as previously bend the legs, solder and clip. Step 9 19

18 10 Speaker Take your speaker noticing the markings on the back that denote its polarity. Insert the Speaker in the same position as seen in the picture. The speaker must be orientated the same way around as the illustration on the PCB. Top Tip The + and - signs must correspond on both the PCB and the speaker! 20 Step 10

19 Technology Will Save Us Solder the speaker in. You won t be able to bend the legs, so simply turn it around so the speaker rests on your mat and if you need to: use the leg of the side cutter to support the rest of the PCB. Top Tip Due to the legs of the speaker being so much thicker than usual, they ll need a little more heat. You can do this by simply leaving the soldering iron on them for a few more seconds. Step 10 21

20 11 AA Battery Holder Before we solder the battery holder in place, we should test that your Instrument works. Take your Battery Holder and insert 2x AA batteries. Then insert the two conductors into the holes on either side of the switch. Bend the legs out so it holds in place and turn on the switch. 22 Step 11

21 Technology Will Save Us If the LED s turn on, you should be able to interrupt the beams of light to produce sound! If it works, congratulations! If not, carefully go over the previous steps and make sure you didn t do anything wrong or leave anything out. Step 11 23

22 12 Acrylic Casing Take your acrylic casing noting the two small holes at the base. Stick a piece of double sided tape in the centre of your battery holder. Then remove the protective layer from the other side of the tape and insert the battery holders two conductors through the acrylic casing. Joining the battery holder and acrylic together. Top Tip The battery holder should sit flush against the back of the acrylic piece. 24 Step 12

23 Technology Will Save Us Next stick a second piece of double sided tape to the other side of the acrylic casing. Remove the protective layer on the tape and place the legs of the battery holder through the holes in the PCB. These are either side of the switch. Finally, solder the two battery holder connections to your Instrument PCB. This time you re soldering on the same side as the components. The only time you ve ever done that! Trim the legs of the battery holder. Turn on your Instrument and serenade your neighbours. Step 12 25

24 Congratulations! You have finished making your Instrument Kit. Now make it your own! Customize the casing of your kit using whatever you want. Stickers, Sharpies, Paint or if your feeling more adventurous you could completely reinvent the shape of the housing. When you are happy with your creation all that is left to do is serenade the person closest to you! For those of you who want to test your skills and learn more, check out: You will find many more creations and hacks to expand your technological orchestra. 26

25 Technology Will Save Us Component Appendix Switch - A basic switch. It allows current to flow in one direction when it is switched on by completing the circuit. When switched off it breaks the circuit stopping the flow of current. Resistors - Resistors are used in a circuit to restrict the flow of electrical current and stop things from blowing up! The resistors are measured in Ohms. DIL Socket - A DIL (Dual in Line) Socket holds the Integrated Circuit (IC) to the PCB. It protects the IC from being damaged during soldering. Integrated Circuit (IC) - An Integrated Circuit also know as an IC is a whole circuit itself but very very small and made of Silicon. The chip in this circuit is a 555 timer chip one of the most commonly used chips in the world made up of 25 transistors, 2 diodes and 15 resistors. Components 27

26 Technology Will Save Us LED - A light-emitting diode is your basic electronic light. Its also a Diode - which means it only allows current to flow in one direction. That is why the legs are different lengths. Battery Holder - Securely holds two AA batteries in place. Speaker - This is a loud speaker, this is where the signals are turned into audio through the movement of the surface. LDR - An LDR is a resistor whose resistance decreases with increasing light levels. 28 Components

27 Technology Will Save Us Capacitor - A capacitor is like a big bucket, it stores up charge, waits until its full and then releases it all in one go. How much charge depends on the size of the capacitor, measured in farads. Transistor - Transistors are devices that control the movement of electrons, and consequently, electricity. They work something like a tap - not only do they start and stop the flow of a current, but they also control the amount of current. With electricity, transistors can both switch or amplify electronic signals, letting you control current moving through a circuit board with precision. Components 29

28 Thank You! Technology Will Save Us exists to educate and inspire people to make, tinker and experiment creatively with technology as a way of unleashing new possibilities. Devices, gadgets and computers are all a part of our everyday life and yet most people know so little about what these things are made of, let alone how to fix them or create new uses for them. We believe that the opportunity for technology to play a richer, more creative role in our lives has yet to be explored. 30