Name Hour Date. To complete the following sentences, choose the correct term from each pair of terms listed, and write the term in the blank.
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1 Name Hour Date CHAPTER 13 THE PERIODIC TABLE Chapter 13 Test USING VOCABULARY To complete the following sentences, choose the correct term from each pair of terms listed, and write the term in the blank. 1. A horizontal row of elements in the periodic table is called a. (period or group) 2. The elements in Group 1 are the metals, which react violently with water. (alkali or alkaline-earth) 3. A vertical column of elements in the periodic table is called a. (period or group) 4. Neon and argon are known as. (halogens or noble gases) 5. Elements in the same often have similar chemical and physical properties. (period or group) UNDERSTANDING CONCEPTS Multiple Choice Circle the correct answer. 6. Most of the elements in the periodic table are a. metals. c. poor conductors of electricity. b. metalloids. d. nonmetals. 7. Moseley rearranged the elements in Mendeleev s periodic table in terms of a. chemical symbols. c. density. b. atomic mass. d. atomic number. 8. Alkaline-earth metals than alkali metals. a. are more reactive c. have lower atomic numbers b. have greater density d. are more explosive 9. The element is a metalloid. a. silicon, Si c. lead, Pb b. carbon, C d. phosphorus, P 10. Most metals a. are easily shattered. b. are bad conductors of electric current. c. are made of atoms with many electrons in their outer energy level. d. are made of atoms with few electrons in their outer energy level. WITH PERFORMANCE-BASED ASSESSMENT 49
2 Chapter 13 Test, continued 11. The elements in Groups 3 12 a. have unstable atoms. b. are good insulators. c. have the same physical and chemical properties. d. are solids at room temperature, except for mercury. 12. is a gas at room temperature, and its atoms have six electrons in their outer level. a. Nitrogen c. Oxygen b. Bromine d. Sulfur Short Answer 13. State the periodic law, which is the basis for the periodic table. 14. Explain why helium is a safer choice than hydrogen, H 2, for filling large balloons or blimps. 15. What is unique about hydrogen s structure and properties? 50 HOLT SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
3 Chapter 13 Test, continued CRITICAL THINKING AND PROBLEM SOLVING 16. Suppose a new element is added directly under radon, Rn, in the periodic table. Describe the characteristics that you would expect this new element to have. INTERPRETING GRAPHICS The following chart shows some of the characteristics and properties of Element X. Examine the chart and answer the question that follows. Characteristics and properties State at room temperature Hardness Malleability Ductility Ability to conduct electric current solid Melting point 960 C Reactions Properties of Element X Element X harder than gold; softer than copper can be hammered into sheets cm thick can be drawn into wires finer than a human hair excellent conductor does not react with water; resists corrosion; reacts with sulfur or air that contains sulfur 17. Based on the information in the chart and in the periodic table, what is Element X? Explain your reasoning. WITH PERFORMANCE-BASED ASSESSMENT 51
4 Chapter 13 Test, continued CONCEPT MAPPING 18. Use the following terms to complete the concept map below: nonmetals, metals, solids, gases, shiny, metalloids. Elements are classified as metals metalloids nonmetals which are which look most of which are solids shiny gases at room temperature with the exception of and are good conductors of at room temperature, such as mercury MATH IN SCIENCE 19. Many people think the words air and oxygen mean almost the same thing. Use the pie graph below to explain why this is not correct. Show your work. oxygen?% water vapor, argon, carbon dioxide, etc. 1% electric current nitrogen 78% chlorine 52 HOLT SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
5 Chapter 13 Test, continued H Hydrogen Li Lithium Be Beryllium Na Sodium Mg Magnesium K Potassium Ca Calcium Rb Rubidium Sr Strontium Cs Cesium Ba Barium Fr Francium (223.0) 88 Ra Radium (226.0) The Periodic Table of the Elements 18 He Helium B C N O F Ne Boron Carbon Nitrogen Oxygen Fluorine Neon Al Si P S Cl Ar Aluminum Silicon Phosphorus Sulfur Chlorine Argon Sc Scandium Ti Titanium V Vanadium Cr Chromium Mn Manganese Fe Iron Co Cobalt Ni Cu Zn Ga Ge As Se Br Kr Nickel Copper Zinc Gallium Germanium Arsenic Selenium Bromine Krypton Y Yttrium Zr Zirconium Nb Niobium Mo Molybdenum Tc Technetium (97.9) 44 Ru Ruthenium Rh Rhodium Pd Ag Cd In Sn Sb Te I Xe Palladium Silver Cadmium Indium Tin Antimony Tellurium Iodine Xenon La Lanthanum Hf Hafnium Ta Tantalum W Tungsten Re Rhenium Os Osmium Ir Iridium Pt Au Hg Tl Pb Bi Po At Rn Platinum Gold Mercury Thallium Lead Bismuth Polonium Astatine Radon (209.0) (210.0) (222.0) 89 Ac Actinium (227.0) 104 Rf Rutherfordium (261.1) 105 Db Dubnium 106 Sg Seaborgium (263.1) 107 Bh Bohrium 108 Hs Hassium (265) 109 Mt Meitnerium (266) Uun Uuu Ununnilium Unununium (271) (272) 112 Uub Ununbium (277) Lanthanides 58 Ce Cerium Pr Praseodymium Nd Neodymium Pm Promethium (144.9) 62 Sm Samarium Eu Europium Gd Gadolinium Tb Terbium Dy Dysprosium Ho Holmium Er Erbium Tm Thulium Yb Ytterbium Lu Lutetium Actinides 90 Th 91 Pa Thorium Protactinium U Uranium Np Neptunium (237.0) 94 Pu Plutonium Am Americium (243.1) 96 Cm Curium (247.1) 97 Bk Berkelium (247.1) 98 Cf Californium (251.1) 99 Es Einsteinium (252.1) 100 Fm Fermium (257.1) 101 Md Mendelevium (258.1) 102 No Nobelium (259.1) 103 Lr Lawrencium WITH PERFORMANCE-BASED ASSESSMENT 53
6 Name Date Class CHAPTER 13 THE PERIODIC TABLE Chapter 13 Test USING VOCABULARY (Recommended 3 pts. each) To complete the following sentences, choose the correct term from each pair of terms listed, and write the term in the blank. 1. A horizontal row of elements in the periodic table is called a period. (period or group) 2. The elements in Group 1 are the alkali metals, which react violently with water. (alkali or alkaline-earth) 3. A vertical column of elements in the periodic table is called a group. (period or group) 4. Neon and argon are known as noble gases. (halogens or noble gases) 5. Elements in the same group often have similar chemical and physical properties. (period or group) UNDERSTANDING CONCEPTS Multiple Choice (Recommended 4 pts. each) Circle the correct answer. 6. Most of the elements in the periodic table are a. metals. c. poor conductors of electricity. b. metalloids. d. nonmetals. 7. Moseley rearranged the elements in Mendeleev s periodic table in terms of a. chemical symbols. c. density. b. atomic mass. d. atomic number. 8. Alkaline-earth metals than alkali metals. a. are more reactive c. have lower atomic numbers b. have greater density d. are more explosive 9. The element is a metalloid. a. silicon, Si c. lead, Pb b. carbon, C d. phosphorus, P 10. Most metals a. are easily shattered. b. are bad conductors of electric current. c. are made of atoms with many electrons in their outer energy level. d. are made of atoms with few electrons in their outer energy level. WITH PERFORMANCE-BASED ASSESSMENT 49
7 Name Date Class Chapter 13 Test, continued 11. The elements in Groups 3 12 a. have unstable atoms. b. are good insulators. c. have the same physical and chemical properties. d. are solids at room temperature, except for mercury. 12. is a gas at room temperature, and its atoms have six electrons in their outer level. a. Nitrogen c. Oxygen b. Bromine d. Sulfur Short Answer (Recommended 7 pts. each) 13. State the periodic law, which is the basis for the periodic table. The periodic law states that chemical and physical properties of elements are periodic, repeating functions of the elements atomic numbers. This is why elements in vertical groups of the periodic table share similar properties. 14. Explain why helium is a safer choice than hydrogen, H 2, for filling large balloons or blimps. Helium is a safer choice because it is a stable, nonreactive gas with atoms that have a full set of electrons in their outer energy level. Hydrogen is very reactive and combustible because its atoms have an incomplete outer energy level. 15. What is unique about hydrogen s structure and properties? Atoms of hydrogen have only one electron in their outer energy level and no neutrons in their nucleus. Hydrogen is located in Group 1 above the alkali metals, but it has physical properties like those of the nonmetals. 50 HOLT SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
8 Name Date Class Chapter 13 Test, continued CRITICAL THINKING AND PROBLEM SOLVING (Recommended 9 pts.) 16. Suppose a new element is added directly under radon, Rn, in the periodic table. Describe the characteristics that you would expect this new element to have. The new element would be in Group 18 of the periodic table and would have an atomic number of 118. The element would be a colorless, odorless, nonreactive gas at room temperature. INTERPRETING GRAPHICS (Recommended 9 pts.) The following chart shows some of the characteristics and properties of Element X. Examine the chart and answer the question that follows. Characteristics and properties State at room temperature Hardness Malleability Ductility Ability to conduct electric current solid Melting point 960 C Reactions Properties of Element X Element X harder than gold; softer than copper can be hammered into sheets cm thick can be drawn into wires finer than a human hair excellent conductor does not react with water; resists corrosion; reacts with sulfur or air that contains sulfur 17. Based on the information in the chart and in the periodic table, what is Element X? Explain your reasoning. Element X is silver. Silver is located above gold and beneath copper in Group 11 of the periodic table. It is harder than gold and softer than copper. Its position in the periodic table as a transition metal explains its properties of malleability and ductility. WITH PERFORMANCE-BASED ASSESSMENT 51
9 Name Date Class Chapter 13 Test, continued CONCEPT MAPPING (Recommended 2 pts. each) 18. Use the following terms to complete the concept map below: nonmetals, metals, solids, gases, shiny, metalloids. Elements are classified as metals metalloids nonmetals which are which look most of which are solids shiny gases at room temperature with the exception of and are good conductors of at room temperature, such as mercury MATH IN SCIENCE (Recommended 6 pts.) 19. Many people think the words air and oxygen mean almost the same thing. Use the pie graph below to explain why this is not correct. Show your work. oxygen?% water vapor, argon, carbon dioxide, etc. 1% electric current nitrogen 78% chlorine Air is only about one-fifth (100% 79% = 21%) oxygen. It is made mostly of nitrogen. A very small percentage of air is made of other gases. 52 HOLT SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
10 Name Date Class Chapter 13 Test, continued H Hydrogen Li Lithium Be Beryllium Na Sodium Mg Magnesium K Potassium Ca Calcium Rb Rubidium Sr Strontium Cs Cesium Ba Barium Fr Francium (223.0) 88 Ra Radium (226.0) The Periodic Table of the Elements 18 He Helium B C N O F Ne Boron Carbon Nitrogen Oxygen Fluorine Neon Al Si P S Cl Ar Aluminum Silicon Phosphorus Sulfur Chlorine Argon Sc Scandium Ti Titanium V Vanadium Cr Chromium Mn Manganese Fe Iron Co Cobalt Ni Cu Zn Ga Ge As Se Br Kr Nickel Copper Zinc Gallium Germanium Arsenic Selenium Bromine Krypton Y Yttrium Zr Zirconium Nb Niobium Mo Molybdenum Tc Technetium (97.9) 44 Ru Ruthenium Rh Rhodium Pd Ag Cd In Sn Sb Te I Xe Palladium Silver Cadmium Indium Tin Antimony Tellurium Iodine Xenon La Lanthanum Hf Hafnium Ta Tantalum W Tungsten Re Rhenium Os Osmium Ir Iridium Pt Au Hg Tl Pb Bi Po At Rn Platinum Gold Mercury Thallium Lead Bismuth Polonium Astatine Radon (209.0) (210.0) (222.0) 89 Ac Actinium (227.0) 104 Rf Rutherfordium (261.1) 105 Db Dubnium 106 Sg Seaborgium (263.1) 107 Bh Bohrium 108 Hs Hassium (265) 109 Mt Meitnerium (266) Uun Uuu Ununnilium Unununium (271) (272) 112 Uub Ununbium (277) Lanthanides 58 Ce Cerium Pr Praseodymium Nd Neodymium Pm Promethium (144.9) 62 Sm Samarium Eu Europium Gd Gadolinium Tb Terbium Dy Dysprosium Ho Holmium Er Erbium Tm Thulium Yb Ytterbium Lu Lutetium Actinides 90 Th 91 Pa Thorium Protactinium U Uranium Np Neptunium (237.0) 94 Pu Plutonium Am Americium (243.1) 96 Cm Curium (247.1) 97 Bk Berkelium (247.1) 98 Cf Californium (251.1) 99 Es Einsteinium (252.1) 100 Fm Fermium (257.1) 101 Md Mendelevium (258.1) 102 No Nobelium (259.1) 103 Lr Lawrencium WITH PERFORMANCE-BASED ASSESSMENT 53
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