County Roscommon in Census 2011

Transcription

1 Introduction and highlights County Roscommon in Census 2011 Central Statistics Office and KnowledgeWorks in association with Roscommon County Council

2 Report contents (i) Introduction 3 (ii) Roscommon key population statistics 5 1 Town and country 7 2 Older and younger 10 3 At work 15 4 The roof over our heads 20 5 Households and families 31 6 Migration and diversity 37 7 Religion, ethnicity and Irish Travellers 41 8 Our bill of health 45 9 What we know Door to door Appendices 65-92

3 (i) Introduction

4 Introduction Roscommon County Council needs to avail of the wealth of information which was produced about the county in the latest Census. This rich data can be used by Council staff and departments, community groups and other agencies. Roscommon County Council Council has commissioned this summary report which extracts data relevant to Roscommon. The Central Statistics Office (CSO) has published ten key reports from Census 2011, plus one special report. These are: Profile 1 - Town and Country (60 pages) Profile 2 Older and Younger - An Age Profile of Ireland (65 pages) Profile 3 At Work - Employment, Occupations & Industry in Ireland (102 pages) Profile 4 The Roof over our Heads - Housing in Ireland (80 pages) Profile 5 Households and Families - Living Arrangements in Ireland (60 pages) Profile 6 Migration and Diversity - A profile of diversity in Ireland (72 pages) Profile 7 Religion, Ethnicity and Irish Travellers - Ethnic and cultural background in Ireland (76 pages) Profile 8 Our Bill of Health - Health, Disability and Carers in Ireland (82 pages) Profile 9 What We Know - Education, skills and the Irish language (70 pages) Profile 10 Door to Door Commuting in Ireland (published Dec 2012) Homeless persons in Ireland, a special Census 2011 report Each of these contains a wealth of information about every county in Ireland. This report extracts the information about Roscommon, and presents it so that it reads easily and informatively. It collates every piece of data about Roscommon from Census The appendices contains tables of data about Roscommon which do not appear in the main body of the report. All data in the appendices refers to Roscommon. Guidance notes: Some figures and commentary relate to the country as a whole, some to Roscommon. Roscommon always refers to County Roscommon. Report on homeless people This report contained no information specific to Roscommon. 3

5 Attendance in each artform Roscommon key population statistics Roscommon s population continues its recent rise The county s population rose by 9.3 per cent since 2006: there are now 64,065 people living in Roscommon. This chart shows the change in Roscommon s population at each census since ,000 Roscommon's population since , , , ,000 50, See the appendices for a breakdown of the population of each town/electrical division in Roscommon. 4

6 Attendance in each artform 1. Town and country 5

7 1.1 Town and country - nationwide Towns in Ireland Census 2006 revealed that Drogheda had narrowly replaced Dundalk as the largest town in the State. Census 2011 results show that Drogheda has maintained this position with 38,578 persons, Dundalk was in second place with 37,816 persons. The largest town in Connacht was Sligo with a population of 19,452 while Letterkenny was the biggest town in Ulster (part of) with 19,588 persons enumerated there in Saggart in South Dublin was the fastest growing town between 2006 and 2011 when its population increased by almost 150 per cent from 868 in 2006 to 2,144 in 2011, a rise of 1,276 persons. Population density in Ireland Population density measures the number of persons occupying a geographical area in proportion to the size of that area. The population density for the State in 2011 was 67 persons per km2, up from 62 persons per km2 recorded in The average population density in urban areas was 1,736 persons per km2 compared to 26 persons per km2 in rural areas. The more densely populated areas are predominantly located within the Greater Dublin Area or GDA (i.e. Dublin City, Fingal, South Dublin, Dún Laoghaire-Rathdown, Meath, Kildare and Wicklow). 6

8 1.2 Town and country in Roscommon Urbanisation Roscommon is the third most rural county in Ireland with 74 per cent of the population living in rural areas. Leitrim is first (90%) and Galway County is second (77.4%). Overall in Ireland, the urban population has increased by 10.6 per cent while the rural population only grew by 4.6 per cent. Born here, live there Irish people showed a tendency to live in their birth county. Over three-quarters of the country s 3.76 million Irish born residents were usually resident in their county of birth. People born in Leitrim were the most likely to have moved to another county to live. Almost 40 per cent of those born in Leitrim lived in another county. Of those born in Westmeath 37.2 per cent lived outside the county followed by Roscommon at 35.5 per cent compared with the State average of 24.8 per cent. Who moved where A question on usual residence one year ago provides data on internal migration in the year leading up to the census and shows that just over 273,000 usual residents (or 6.2 per cent of all usual residents aged one year or over) moved in the year to April 2011, compared with 322,030 movers in 2006, a fall of 15 per cent. Of those inhabitants whose county of usual residence is Roscommon: 30,670 of the population present in Roscommon on census night were born in Roscommon. 7

9 2. Older & Younger 8

10 2.1 Older & younger - nationwide Leinster is the only province with uninterrupted population growth over the entire period 1926 to 2011 with its population more than doubling during that period. Munster s population, although experiencing periods of decline up to the early 1960s experienced more modest growth overall. In contrast, however, the populations of Connacht and Ulster (part) experienced more severe population decline continuing until the 1970s. In fact, the populations of both provinces are still slightly lower than in 1926 having experienced slower and more erratic recovery with most notable growth in the year age groups. 118% The increase in Leinster s population since % The decrease in Connacht s population since 1926 More women than men? Up to the mid-1980 s the trend was for more men than women in the State, though the ratio varied greatly by province with Leinster having consistently fewer males. Since the mid-1980s the overall trend has reversed with a tendency for there to be slightly more females. Census 2011 showed the lowest ever sex ratio for the State with 981 males per 1000 females. 9

11 2.2 Older & younger - Roscommon Growing older In 2011 Cork city had the highest average age at 38.7 compared to 36.1 for the State as a whole. Fingal had the lowest average age of any county at Roscommon s average age was 38.4, and was the fourth oldest county. It is interesting to examine the change in the average ages of the population in each county. The fastest ageing areas were the cities, with Limerick city increasing by 1.5 years and Galway and Cork cities both showing an increase of over one year since Three counties are getting younger with Laois, Cavan and Longford showing a lower average age than in While not growing younger, Roscommon s population showed the least aging. Older female population The female population was older than the male population by about 1.3 years for the State overall. This is to be expected given the higher male birthrate combined with higher female life expectancy. Looking at the difference at county level shows that the females in Dún Laoghaire-Rathdown were substantially older on average than males, with an age difference of 2.5 years, followed closely by Cork city with an age difference of 2.3 years. Laois showed the smallest difference of only 0.3 years between the average age of women and men and Roscommon showed 0.8 years. Age dependency: young and old Age dependency shows the ratio of the old and young population to the population of working age. The total dependency ratio for the State increased from 45.8 per cent in 2006 to 49.3 per cent in 2011, an increase of 3.5 per cent. The young dependency ratio is the number of young people aged 0-14 as a percentage of the population of working age. In April 2011 this rate stood at 31.9 per cent for the State overall but was significantly lower in the cities with a rate of 20.9 per cent in Cork and 21 per cent in Dublin. The rates were highest in Meath (38.3%), Laois (37.9%) and Cavan (36.6%) all of which had young and fast growing populations. Roscommon s young dependency rate was 33.1 per cent, slightly over the level for the State overall. 10

12 Old dependency stood at 17.4 per cent for the State, with significant differences at county level. Counties Mayo and Leitrim had the highest old dependency ratios at 23.3 per cent, while Fingal (10.6%) and Kildare (11.7%) had the lowest. Roscommon s was close to highest at 22.9 per cent. Average age difference between rural and urban areas of each county Pre-schoolers on the increase Census 2011 shows a population of pre-school children aged 0-4 of 356,329, an increase of 17.9 per cent since 2006, bringing the numbers back to just above the levels in the early 1980s. Leinster was the only province to have exceeded the 1981 population level. The population of each of the other provinces, though on the increase, was still lower than the 1981 level. The greatest increase in preschool children was in Laois at 37.1 per cent, followed by Cavan (30.2%) and Monaghan (26.8%), while the slowest growth was recorded in Waterford city (5.3%). Roscommon levels grew at a pace of 17.7 per cent. Primary schoolers The greatest increase in primary school aged children was in Laois at 28.9 per cent, followed by Fingal (28.3%) and Longford (23.5%), while the slowest growth was recorded in Dublin city (0.5%). 11

13 The primary school aged population decreased in two of the cities with Limerick showing a 9.4 per cent fall and Cork city a 7.9 per cent fall in numbers. Roscommon primary school numbers increased by 13.8 per cent: 2011 numbers were 7,222. Secondary schoolers Census 2011 shows the population of the secondary school age group (13-18) of 344,931, an increase of only 2,897 persons, or 0.8 per cent, since 2006, a consequence of low births in the mid-1990s feeding into today s numbers. The greatest increase in this age group was in counties Laois and Kildare at 10.3 per cent, followed by Meath (9.5%) and Cavan (8.8%). The secondary school age group decreased in almost half of all administrative counties. This was most pronounced in city areas with the cities of Limerick (-16.3%), Cork (-11.7%), Waterford (-6.4%) and Galway (-5.4%) experiencing the greatest declines. Other declines in general were concentrated in the West and in South Dublin and Dun Laoghaire-Rathdown. Roscommon levels declined by 0.7%. Elderly The population of the 65 and over age group recorded in Census 2011 was 535,393, an increase of 14.4 per cent from 467,926 in Compared to population growth of 8.2 per cent in the State as a whole this is one of the age groups which experienced greatest growth over the period. This segment of the population grew in each county, topped by Fingal with a 38 per cent increase followed by Kildare (30.3%) and South Dublin (29.1%). The lowest growth in the age group over the period was in the large cities with growth of 3.5 per cent in Dublin city and 6.5 per cent in Cork city. The population aged 65 and over in Roscommon went from 8,715 in 2006 to 9,396 in 2011, an increase of 7.8 per cent. 12

14 3. At work 13

15 3.1 At work - nationwide The labour force in April 2011 had grown by 122,705 people to 2,232,203 - a 5.8 per cent increase since Among the labour force, the numbers of those at work declined in the 5 years by over 6 per cent to 1,807,369 while the number of people looking for their first job rose by over 16 per cent to 34,166. The number of people who were unemployed increased significantly from 150,084 to 390,677. When combined with people looking for their first job the total number of people who were out of work stood at 424,843 in April

16 3.2 At work - Roscommon Employment in Roscommon In Roscommon, 48.3 per cent of people aged 15 years and over were at work per cent were classified as being unemployed, compared with 3.0 per cent in The following table shows the sectors in which people in Roscommon were employed: 15

17 Socio economic groups in Roscommon The following table breaks out the socio economic groups of persons in private households. Another way to analyse this is to examine the population by social class: 16

18 Nationality and unemployment While one in five unemployed people in April 2011 were non-irish nationals, accounting for 77,460 persons overall, there were significant regional variations by county. Over one third of those unemployed in Fingal were non-irish with over 20 per cent from Europe and 7 per cent from African countries. In Roscommon 22.3 per cent of unemployed people were non-irish nationals. In Leitrim 23 per cent of unemployed workers were non-irish. While nationally only 4 per cent of all unemployed people were British, in Leitrim this stood at 11 per cent. In fellow Connacht counties Mayo and Roscommon, 8 per cent of unemployed people were British. 17

19 4. The roof over our heads 18

20 4.1 The roof over our heads - nationwide Irish housing stock In April 2011 there were 1,994,845 permanent dwellings or housing units in the State. The overall vacancy rate in 2011, including holiday homes, was 14.5 per cent or 289,252 properties. If holiday homes are excluded from the housing stock the vacancy rate drops to 11.5 per cent. A total of 59,395 housing units were classified as vacant holiday homes. The remaining 230,056 were vacant houses and apartments, of which 168,427 were vacant houses and 61,629 were vacant apartments. 121,974 Households in rural areas connected to public sewerage schemes in % The percentage increase in rural households having access to the public sewerage network between 2006 and Vacant housing stock Between 1991 and 1996 the vacant housing stock remained largely unchanged (105,142 compared with 105,250). However, the construction boom that occurred in Ireland from 1996 onwards coincided with a sharp rise in the number of vacant dwellings. Vacant housing units increased by 36 per cent from 105,250 to 143,418 between 1996 and 2002, and rose a further 86 per cent to 266,322 in The most recent inter-censal period has seen a 9 per cent growth culminating in 289,451 vacant dwellings recorded in Of the 289,451 vacant dwellings, 151,273 (52%) were located in rural areas while 138,178 (48%) were in the urban towns and cities. 19

21 4.2 The roof over our heads - Roscommon Permanent, private households There were 23,601 permanent dwellings in Roscommon in 2011, an increase of 14.4 per cent over Vacant housing stock Vacant dwellings in the census are split into holiday homes, vacant houses and vacant apartments. Looking at all vacant dwellings combined, there were 92 towns with a vacancy rate of 35 per cent or more, of which fifteen were in Donegal, thirteen each in Kerry and Cork County, while Wexford, Clare and Mayo had nine towns each. The seaside town of Mullaghmore in County Sligo had the largest vacancy rate, with four-fifths of housing units in the town recorded as vacant on Census Night. When holiday homes are excluded Tulsk (51%) and Frenchpark (44%), both in Roscommon, had the highest vacancy rates. Four of the seven towns with highest vacancy rates are located in Roscommon, which seems to have been particularly affected by vacancy in April Towns in Roscommon with a vacancy rate of over 35 per cent in April 2011: 30. Tulsk 52.7% 47. Frenchpark 45.2% 58. Roosky 43.3% 66. Ballinlough 41.5% 67. Termonbarry 40.7% 76. Ballaghaderreen 38.0% 85. Ballintober 36.3% On Census night, 24.9% (or 7,875) of the 31,585 total permanent dwellings in Roscommon were unoccupied. 20

22 Dwellings have more room over the years A question relating to the number of rooms within each household has traditionally been asked on the census form. In 2011, the respondent was required to state the number of rooms excluding bathrooms, toilets, kitchenettes, offices, utility rooms, consulting rooms, shops, halls, landings and rooms that can only be used for storage such as cupboards. New homes In Laois, 18.1 per cent of all occupied dwellings within the county were built since Longford (15.8%) and Cavan (15%) came next in the proportion of new homes built since per cent of households in Roscommon were built since Limerick City (4.9%) had the lowest rate of increase in homes constructed between 2006 and Significant growth in rented households A total of 474,788 households were in rented accommodation in 2011, a considerable rise of 47 per cent from 323,007 in The share of households that were renting was 29 per cent in 2011, up from 22 per cent recorded in Despite the number of owner occupied dwellings rising by 5.3 per cent between 2006 and 2011, the strong growth in rented accommodation has caused the overall home ownership rate to drop sharply from 74.7 per cent to 69.7 per cent. 21

23 The growth in the rented sector is reflected in Roscommon. In ,706 households were rented (13.1% of the total stock). This had risen to 4,504 households in 2011 (19.5% of total stock). Detached houses still dominate Despite the increase in the number of newly constructed apartments in recent years, the detached house remains the most common type of accommodation in Ireland. Just over 40 per cent of occupied dwellings in the State were detached houses in April 2011, which was similar to the share recorded in 2002 and Counties in Connacht featured as having the largest proportion of detached houses with more than seven out of every ten homes in Galway County, Roscommon, Leitrim and Mayo classified as this house type. Strong growth in apartments The rise of apartments as an accommodation type in Ireland has continued between 2006 and 2011 according to the census. Apartments accounted for 10.9 per cent of all household types in 2011, compared with 9.7 per cent in Dublin City had the highest proportion of apartments as a household type at 32.4 per cent, while Roscommon had the lowest with 2.4 per cent. Sewerage Public sewerage facilities were used for disposing the waste water of 1,092,418 households, or two-thirds of all private dwellings in April A further 437,652 (27.5%) households used an individual septic tank while 50,259 (3.2%) households adopted other individual sewerage systems. In Roscommon, 60 per cent of households used a septic tank or other individual sewerage treatment system. 22

24 Permanent private households in Roscommon by sewerage facility, 2006 and 2011 Public scheme Individual septic tank Other individual treatment Other No sewerage facility Not stated ,653 13,088 1, Leitrim (33.3%) had the highest proportion of rural households connected to the local authority sewerage network in 2011, followed by Wicklow (27.9%) and Kildare (25.8%). Just one in ten homes in the rural areas of Galway County availed of public sewerage facilities in 2011, the lowest of any county. Roscommon and Monaghan (both 16.0%) and Wexford (16.4%) also recorded low rates of rural households with access to public sewerage schemes. Overall, there was an 11.8 per cent increase in the number of households using public sewerage in the rural areas of the State since April Counties showing the largest increases since 2006 were Roscommon (39%) and Mayo (30.6%). Water supply Three-quarters of the occupied 1,649,408 permanent private households in April 2011 were connected to the public mains piped water supply. Of the remaining households, 9 per cent were connected to a local authority group water scheme and 12.9 per cent were connected to a private source (group and other). In Roscommon, the picture is similar, with 63.3 per cent of households connected to the public mains. 23

25 Households in Roscommon by water supply - percentage in 2006 and 2011 Not stated None Other private source Group private source Group Loc Auth Public main Public main Group Loc Auth Group private source Other private source None Not stated Central heating In Roscommon the most widely used method of central heating is oil. The following table shows the number of permanent private households and their central heating systems in the county. 24

26 Internet and broadband Unsurprisingly, the picture of internet access in Roscommon has changed dramatically since Now 12,599 households have broadband internet, compared with just 1,926 in In ,016 households (or 40% of the total) have no internet access. Households in Roscommon and internet access (%), 2006 and 2011 Not stated None Other Broadband Broadband Other None Not stated

27 Car ownership Around 1.36 million occupied dwellings owned or had the use of at least one car in 2011, an increase of 186,000 from While households which had only one car increased by 18 per cent over the five years from 564,249 to 668,766, a slowdown occurred in the growth rates of households owning more than one car. In Roscommon, 87.5 per cent (20,651) of all households owned a car in 2011, compared with 84.9 per cent in 2006 (17,503). Car ownership in Roscommon households, 2006 and 2011 No motor car One motor car Two motor cars Three + motor cars 26

28 Mortgages High level of outright ownership in Roscommon Counties in the Greater Dublin Area had the highest percentage of houses and apartments where the owner had an existing loan or mortgage. Meath, where 48.7 per cent of all owner-occupied dwellings had a mortgage, came first in this category in Fingal (47.8%) and Kildare (46.7%) also had high rates of households owned with a loan or mortgage. The western counties had the largest rate of households where the owner had no loan or mortgage: almost 45 per cent of houses and apartments in Roscommon were owned outright. Rise in number of households with a mortgage headed by persons not in employment The largest growth occurred in Laois where the number of mortgaged dwellings with the householder out of work rose from 195 in 2006 to 1,186 in 2011, a 508 per cent rise. Roscommon (467%), Leitrim (418%) and Offaly (413%) also experienced significant rises over the five year period. One in seven households in Donegal which were owned with a loan or mortgage had the head of household recorded as being out of work, making it the worst affected county in the State. Other counties which were most impacted by the householder being unemployed or looking for their first job were Wexford (12.8%), Offaly (12.5%) and Monaghan (11.9%). Dún Laoghaire-Rathdown (4.2%) recorded the lowest proportion of mortgaged households with the head of household out of work in

29 Rent paid for private accommodation Dún Laoghaire-Rathdown, at 260 per week, had the highest average rent paid to a private landlord/ voluntary body. At the opposite end of the spectrum households in Leitrim, on average, paid a weekly rent of 94. Average private landlord rents in Roscommon were 112. One off housing There were a total of 433,564 one off households in Ireland, according to Census 2011 results. This equates to a share of 26.3 per cent of all households in 2011, and is down from 27.1 per cent in 2006 and 28.1 per cent in When examined by their period of construction, one-in-four of all private dwellings built since 2006 were one-off houses. In the case of Donegal, Roscommon, Monaghan, Mayo and County Galway, one-off houses comprised over 45 per cent of households constructed between 2006 and Around 63 per cent of households in County Galway were one off houses, the highest in the country. Roscommon (57%) and Leitrim (55%) also had a large proportion of this particular type of house. 28

30 5. Households and families 29

31 5.1 Households and families - nationwide Marital status recent trends The married population increased by 9.2 per cent between 2006 and 2011, growing from 1,565,016 to 1,708,604. As the population aged 15 and over grew more slowly (6.9% over the same period), married people as a percentage of the total population increased from 46.4 per cent to 47.3 per cent. Since 1996 the proportion of the population who were divorced has grown significantly from 0.4 per cent (9,787 people) to 2.4 per cent (87,770). There was a corresponding increase in the numbers who were re-married following divorce, from 6,641 in 1996 to 42,960 in There was a significant fall in the proportion who were widowed which fell from 6.7 per cent to 5.3 per cent over the same period. This corresponds with increased life expectancy for men. The share of the population aged 15 and over who were single increased from 41.1 per cent in 1996 to 43.1 per cent in 2006, but has subsequently fallen back to 41.7 per cent (1,505,035 people) in While married people on their first marriage accounted for 48.5 per cent of the adult population in 1996, this has fallen to 45.1 per cent by 2006, but increased again in 2011 to 45.9 per cent. Over the same period, the percentages have remained relatively stable for those re-married following widowhood, and for separated people. Family size has been falling in recent years. In 1991 there were 2.0 children on average in each family. In 1996 this had fallen to 1.8 children. In 2002 it was 1.6 children and by 2006 the average family had 1.4 children. In 2011, while the average number of children had fallen slightly, it was still just below 1.4 children per family. 32 The age at which women were more likely to be married than single. 34 The age at which men were more likely to be married than single. 48 The peak age for separation and divorce. 30

32 5.2 Households and families - Roscommon Families There are 16,739 families in Roscommon, an increase of 13.2 per cent since the 2006 Census. Family size Nationwide, rural families were larger on average than those in urban areas. The average number of children per family was 1.5 in rural areas, compared with 1.3 for their urban counterparts. There is a clear North-West/South-East divide evident in family size. Donegal, Cavan and Monaghan had the largest families with 2.19 children per family on average. Leitrim and Mayo (each with 2.17 children per family) were next. The five cities had the smallest families in this category with fewer than 2 children per family on average. Fingal (2.00), South Dublin (2.01) and Wicklow (2.02) also had smaller families than average. The average number of children per family in Roscommon was also 1.4, reflecting the state average. 31

33 Single people The highest proportions of singles were in the cities, Galway (62.7%), Dublin (60.7%) and Cork (57.8%). The counties with the lowest proportion single were Roscommon (50.3%), Leitrim (50.5%) and Mayo (51.0%). However, these percentages depend heavily on the underlying age structure of each county. Younger counties tend to have more single people while older counties have more married and widowed people. Confining the analysis to those in their forties mitigates these effects. While the cities still top the board with high proportions of singles (all the cities have over 25 per cent single), more rural counties such as Sligo (23.6%), Leitrim (21.8%) and Kerry (21.8%) also have high rates of single people. And the counties with the lowest percentages of single people are also among those with the youngest overall age such as Meath (15.4%), Kildare (16.0%) and Cork County (17.9%). Married people Galway County (40.3%), Roscommon (40.2%) and Meath (40.0%) had the highest proportions of married. The cities had the lowest percentages; Dublin and Galway each had less than 30 per cent of their adult population married. Single and married people in Roscommon, 2006 and 2011 Single Married ,484 23, ,210 25,778 32

34 Marital breakdown increases The number of separated and divorced people increased by 22.3 per cent between 2006 and 2011 from 166,797 to 203,964. Two thirds of the increase (24,784) was among those aged 55 and over. In Roscommon, the number of separated and divorced people increased by 34 per cent. Separated, divorced and widowed people in Roscommon, 2006 and 2011 Separated Divorced Widowed , , ,502 1,181 3,394 Lone parents The number of lone parent families stood at 215,315 in 2011 of which 186,284 were mothers and 29,031 were fathers. The majority, 124,765, had just one child. In Roscommon, there were a total of 2,629 lone families in 2011, an increase of 20.5 per cent over 2006 (2,181): Lone father families numbered 394 in 2011 an increase of 20.5% over Lone mother families numbered 2,235 in 2011 also an increase of 20.5%. 33

35 Private households In the census, a private household is defined as either one person living alone or a group of people living at the same address with common housekeeping arrangements. A household can contain one or more families. Nationwide, the number of private households increased by 60.7 per cent since 1991, from 1,029,084 to 1,654,208 in Over the same period the average household size decreased from 3.3 persons per household to 2.7 driven by the growing number of one person households and falling family size. The number of private households in Roscommon was 23,672 in 2011, an increase of 14.6 per cent from 2006 (20,734). Private households in Roscommon are broken down by type in the following table. The most common is husband, wife and children, followed by single person households. 34

36 6. Migration and diversity 35

37 6.1 Migration and diversity - nationwide Non-Irish nationals up 143% in 9 years Nationwide, the number of non-irish nationals in 2002 was recorded at 224,261 persons. By 2006 this had increased to 419,733 representing an increase of 87 per cent. The growth in the number of non-irish nationals has continued, albeit at a slower pace and their number stood at 544,357 at the time of the 2011 Census. The nationality with the largest increase between 2006 and 2011 was the Polish nationality. Polish residents increased from 63,276 persons in 2006 to 122,585 in 2011, a 59,309 increase over the period. Lithuanian residents increased by 12,055 persons to stand at 36,683 persons in April Other large increases over the period occurred in the number of Romanian, Indian, Latvian and Hungarian populations living in Ireland. A small number of nationalities recorded a drop over the 5 year period since 2006, most notably the US and Australian nationalities. 36

38 6.2 Migration and diversity - Roscommon Non-Irish nationals As a proportion of its resident population, Galway City was the most multi-cultural with 19.4 per cent of its residents recorded as non-irish. Donegal had the smallest proportion of non- Irish nationals (8.1%) in More than half of these were UK nationals. In Roscommon, 17.8 per cent of the population were non-nationals. The following table shows the birthplace and nationality of people in Roscommon: Although numbers have increased, these proportions have not changed significantly since 2006: 37

39 Foreign languages 514,068 Irish residents spoke a language other than Irish or English at home in Of these 145,919 were Irish nationals. French (41,243 persons), German (16,160) and Spanish (12,590) were the most common languages spoken in Irish homes reflecting the most popular foreign languages taught in Irish schools. Non-Irish nationals who spoke a language other than English or Irish at home amounted to 363,929 persons in Foreign languages spoken in Roscommon are: 38

40 7. Religion, ethnicity and Irish Travellers 39

41 7.1 Religion, ethnicity and Irish Travellers - nationwide Religion Roman Catholicism remained the predominant faith of Ireland in 2011 as it has done, according to census records, since at least Roman Catholics represented just under 90 per cent of the population in each of the censuses held from 1881 to It subsequently rose to a peak in Ever since then, its proportion of the total population has declined, falling gently in the sixties and seventies then accelerating to a more pronounced drop in the eighties. While the proportion of Catholics continued to decline in 2011, to reach its lowest point at 84 per cent, its congregation, at 3.86 million strong, was the highest since records began. Ethnicity The fastest growing ethnic group since 2006 was Any other Asian background, with an annualised growth of 13.3 per cent. The population of the State grew at 1.6 per cent per annum while those with Irish ethnicity increased by just 1.0 per cent. Any other White background rose by 7.4 per cent annually while the annual increase for Africans was 7.7 per cent. The largest group in 2011 was White Irish with 3,821,995 (85.8%) usual residents. This was followed by Any other White background (9.3%), non-chinese Asian (1.5%) and African (1.3%). Irish Travellers (29,495) made up 0.6 per cent of the usually resident population while Chinese (17,832) made up just 0.4 per cent. Those of mixed backgrounds (70,324) constituted 0.9 per cent. Irish Travellers The total number of Irish Travellers enumerated in April 2011 was 29,573 accounting for just over half of one per cent (0.6%) of the total population. The figure represents a 32 per cent increase on 2006 (22,435). The overall structure of the Irish Traveller population is very different to that of the general population. The average age of Irish Travellers was 22.4 compared with 36.1 for the general population, and over half of all Irish Travellers (52.2%) were aged under 20. Irish Traveller males of retirement age and above (65+) numbered only 337 accounting for 2.3 per cent of the total Irish Traveller male population, in stark contrast to the general population where males of retirement age and above accounted for 10.7 per cent of all males. The majority (98.8%) of Irish Travellers were Irish by nationality, with most of the remainder being UK nationals (1.1%). 40

42 7.2 Religion, ethnicity and Irish Travellers - Roscommon Religion The administrative county of South Tipperary had the highest percentage of Catholics in 2011 with 91.4 per cent, while Dún Laoghaire-Rathdown had the lowest at 77.6 per cent. All of the cities with the exception of Limerick City featured as having low percentages of Catholics. Roscommon s population declared itself to be 90.0 per cent Catholic, versus 92.5 per cent in Percentage of population by religion, Roscommon, 2006 and 2011 Catholic Other stated religion No religion Not stated

43 Ethnicity The proportion of white other rose from 6.7 per cent to 8.5 per cent in Roscommon between 2006 and 2011, while the figures for white Irish dipped by 2.5 per cent. Percentage of population by ethnic or cultural background, Roscommon, 2006 and 2011 White Irish White Irish Traveller Other White Black or Black Irish Asian or Asian Irish Other Not stated Irish Travellers The Irish Traveller community was not evenly spread across the country. Galway County had the highest number of Irish Travellers of all the administrative counties, with 2,476 persons, followed by South Dublin with 2,216. In contrast there were only 152 Irish Travellers enumerated in Waterford County. In 2006 there were 320 Irish travellers in Roscommon. This increased to 396 in

44 8. Our bill of health 43

45 8.1 Our bill of health - nationwide Disability A total of 595,335 persons, accounting for 13.0 per cent of the population, had a disability in April Of these 289,728 (48.7%) were male while 305,607 (51.3%) were female. From a rate of less than 10 per cent for those in their twenties, rates increase steadily for persons in their forties and fifties to reach over 20 per cent by age 60; from age 70 on rates increase more sharply for both males and females with 75.1 per cent of all females aged 85 and over having a disability. Also notable are the high rates of disability among young children, particularly for males. Over 65 s There were 56,087 disabled persons who lived alone and were 65 years or over (52.8% of all disabled persons who lived alone). Types of disabilities A condition that limited basic physical activities affected 35,960 people, of whom just over 25,000 or 69.6 per cent were women. Substantial numbers also suffered from pain, breathing or other chronic illnesses (25,123 persons), had difficulty in going outside the home alone (22,989) and in participating in other activities (21,844). The number of women exceeded males by approximately two to one across all types of disability except for intellectual disabilities where there was a slightly higher proportion of men (52.2%) than women. 44

46 8.2 Our bill of health - Roscommon Disability There were 8,759 people in Roscommon who had a disability in 2011 or 13.7 per cent of the population, slightly over the figure for the State overall. In 2006, the figure in Roscommon was 5,746 or 9.8 per cent. Oranmore The town (of 1,500 or more) with the lowest rate of disability at 6.9 per cent Castlerea The town (of 1,500 or more) with the highest rate of disability at 22.4 per cent Ashbourne The town with a population of over 10,000 with the lowest rate of disability at 8.0 per cent 45

47 Age profile of people with disabilities The age profile of people with disabilities in Roscommon is as follows: Persons with a disability by age group, Roscommon, # ,465 2,579 3,597 The breakdown by age is below: 46

48 Types of disabilities The following table breaks down the types of disabilities amongst people in Roscommon. This table breaks out the numbers for Roscommon town: 47

49 Disabled people living alone A total of 106,270 disabled persons, representing 17.9 per cent of all disabled persons, lived alone at the time of the census in April They accounted for 27.3 per cent of all persons who lived alone in There were 58,246 women with a disability living alone, more than that recorded for disabled men living alone, who numbered 48,024. In Roscommon 9.9 per cent of disabled persons lived alone. The following table shows the same figures for Roscommon broken down by type of disability: 48

50 Carers The census showed that a total of 187,112 persons or 4.1 per cent of the total population were providing unpaid assistance to others in April Of these carers 114,113 (61%) were women and 72,999 (39%) men. It also showed that 4,228 children aged under 15 years were engaged in providing care to others, accounting for 2.3 per cent of all carers. The highest proportion of carers was in County Mayo, where 5 per cent of people were involved in providing unpaid care. The proportion of carers to the overall population was also high in counties Sligo (4.8%), Roscommon (4.7%) and Kerry (4.7%). The lowest proportion of carers were in counties Kildare and Fingal with 3.4 per cent of the population involved in providing care, followed by Galway city (3.5%), Meath and South Dublin (both 3.6%). The share of carers in rural areas at 43.2 per cent is greater than the rural share of the population (38%) while there are proportionally fewer carers in urban areas (56.8%) compared with its share of the overall population (62%). The profile of carers in Roscommon is as follows: 49

51 Health The census results clearly show the decline in general health with age, with 87 per cent of year olds perceiving their health as very good, while this had fallen to 60 per cent by age and 30 per cent by age For those aged 85 and over fewer than one in ten perceived that they had very good health. Generally a higher percentage of females than males indicated that their health was very good, except in the and 70 and over age groups. The following table shows the health profile of people in Roscommon: 50

52 9. What we know 51

53 9.1 What we know - nationwide Education Age and level of education Among those who had completed their full-time education in April 2011 younger people were significantly better educated than their older counterparts, illustrating the on-going gains in educational attainment in Ireland. Almost 43 per cent of people aged 20 to 39 possessed a third level qualification, compared with only 13 per cent of those aged 65 and over. Among those aged 60 and over increasing numbers were educated to primary level only with almost half (46.3%) of those aged 65 and over in this category. Sex differences In general, females were better educated than males in April One third of females aged 15 and over had a third level qualification, compared with only 27 per cent of males. Just over 36 per cent of males were not educated to a higher level than lower secondary, whereas only 31 per cent of females had a similar level of education. 46% The percentage of women aged who had a third level qualification. 35% The percentage of men aged who had a third level qualification. 12% The percentage of persons in their 70s who had a third level qualification. 52

54 Irish speakers The total number of persons (aged 3 and over) who could speak Irish in April 2011 was 1,774,437. This was an increase of 7.1 per cent on the 1,656,790 persons who could speak Irish in April There were more females (973,587) able to speak Irish than males (800,850). Between the ages of 5 and 18 inclusive just under 450,000 children spoke Irish on a daily basis in school representing 87 per cent of all persons who spoke Irish within education in There were 77,185 persons speaking Irish on a daily basis outside of the education system in April Twenty three per cent of these were aged 5 to 18 (17,457 persons), a further 23,359 (30%) were in the age group There were more women (42,157) than men (35,028). There were 110,642 persons who said that they spoke Irish on a weekly basis outside of education. Again, there were more females (61,176) than males (49,466) speaking Irish on a weekly basis and relatively larger numbers of females spoke Irish weekly in the age group than in the other non-school going ages. 53

55 9.2 What we know - Roscommon Level of education Level of education of people in Roscommon: 54

56 Third level education in Roscommon field of study: 55

57 Irish speakers Fifty one per cent of the population of Galway County could speak Irish in the highest of any county as illustrated in figure 18. Clare (48.1%), North Tipperary (47.1%) and Limerick county (47%) were the next highest administrative counties while Dublin City (32.1%), South Dublin (35.8%) and Louth (36.1%) had the lowest percentages. In Roscommon, 41.9 per cent of the population could speak Irish in 2011 compared with 42.4 per cent in

58 The following table illustrates the proportion of private households in each county which have Irish speakers. As it shows, Roscommon is slightly above mid-table in this respect. 57

59 10. Door to door 58

60 10.1 Door to door - nationwide Commuting in Ireland Commuter numbers for both workers and students totalled 2.7 million in 2011, an increase of 1 per cent on the corresponding 2006 figure of 2.67 million, and a 13.1 per cent rise when compared against the 2.39 million who travelled to work, school or college in In 2011, almost 1.7 million workers indicated that they travelled to their work, a decrease from 1.79 million in 2006, reflecting the fall in the number of persons in employment over the five year period. This follows a period of uninterrupted growth between 1986 and 2006 in the number of persons commuting to work. The numbers of primary and secondary students travelling to their school have experienced periods of growth and decline over the 30 year period. There were 496,601 primary students and 321,491 secondary students journeying to school in 2011, an increase of 12.8 per cent and 6.8 per cent respectively when compared to The peak number of commuters for these cohorts occurred in 1986 in the case of primary students (556,338) and 1996 for secondary students (363,919). A continuous rise has been recorded in the amount of third-level students travelling to college, growing from 31,136 in 1981 to 191,238 in The most recent inter-censal period of saw a 30.9 per cent increase in the number of college commuters. 59

61 10.2 Door to door - Roscommon Commuting in Roscommon In Roscommon, 24,064 people (or 37.5% of the population) commuted to work, school or college. 66 per cent of these commuters drove to work in The following table shows the breakdown, in Roscommon, of how people commute, depending on whether or not there is a car in the household. 60

62 Commuting time The average time spent travelling to work in 2011 was 26.6 minutes, a decrease from 27.5 minutes recorded in 2006 and 26.8 minutes in In Roscommon, 13,641 commuters (or 60.9% of the total) spent half an hour or less travelling to work. 61

63 Time leaving home In Roscommon, 8,260 commuters, or 36.9 per cent, left for work at 8am or earlier. 12,783 (or 57.1%) left after 8am. 62

64 11. Appendices 63

65 Roscommon key population statistics 64

66 Population Density and Area Size by Electoral Division Roscommon Population (Number) 58,768 64,065 Males (Number) 30,178 32,353 Females (Number) 28,590 31,712 Actual change since previous census (Number) 4,994 5,297 Percentage change since previous census (%) Area (sq km) (Number).. 2, Athlone No. 2 rural area, Co. Roscommon Population (Number) 14,059 15,995 Males (Number) 7,120 7,991 Females (Number) 6,939 8,004 Actual change since previous census (Number) 1,599 1,936 Percentage change since previous census (%) Area (sq km) (Number) Athlone West Rural, Co. Roscommon Population (Number) 3,122 4,450 Males (Number) 1,556 2,145 Females (Number) 1,566 2,305 Actual change since previous census (Number) 860 1,328 Percentage change since previous census (%) Area (sq km) (Number) Ballydangan, Co. Roscommon Population (Number) Males (Number) Females (Number) Actual change since previous census (Number) Percentage change since previous census (%) Area (sq km) (Number) Ballynamona, Co. Roscommon Population (Number) Males (Number) Females (Number) Actual change since previous census (Number) Percentage change since previous census (%) Area (sq km) (Number) Caltragh, Co. Roscommon Population (Number) Males (Number) Females (Number) Actual change since previous census (Number) Percentage change since previous census (%) Area (sq km) (Number) Carnagh, Co. Roscommon Population (Number) Males (Number) Females (Number) Actual change since previous census (Number) Percentage change since previous census (%) Area (sq km) (Number) Carrowreagh, Co. Roscommon Population (Number) Males (Number)

67 Females (Number) Actual change since previous census (Number) Percentage change since previous census (%) Area (sq km) (Number) Castlesampson, Co. Roscommon Population (Number) Males (Number) Females (Number) Actual change since previous census (Number) Percentage change since previous census (%) Area (sq km) (Number) Cloonburren, Co. Roscommon Population (Number) Males (Number) Females (Number) Actual change since previous census (Number) Percentage change since previous census (%) Area (sq km) (Number) Cloonown, Co. Roscommon Population (Number) Males (Number) Females (Number) Actual change since previous census (Number) 27 6 Percentage change since previous census (%) Area (sq km) (Number) Crannagh, Co. Roscommon Population (Number) 1,148 1,177 Males (Number) Females (Number) Actual change since previous census (Number) Percentage change since previous census (%) Area (sq km) (Number) Creagh, Co. Roscommon Population (Number) 1,084 1,035 Males (Number) Females (Number) Actual change since previous census (Number) Percentage change since previous census (%) Area (sq km) (Number) Culliagh, Co. Roscommon Population (Number) Males (Number) Females (Number) Actual change since previous census (Number) Percentage change since previous census (%) Area (sq km) (Number) Drumlosh, Co. Roscommon Population (Number) Males (Number) Females (Number) Actual change since previous census (Number) 15 4 Percentage change since previous census (%) Area (sq km) (Number) Dysart, Co. Roscommon 66

68 Population (Number) Males (Number) Females (Number) Actual change since previous census (Number) Percentage change since previous census (%) Area (sq km) (Number) Kilcar, Co. Roscommon Population (Number) Males (Number) Females (Number) Actual change since previous census (Number) Percentage change since previous census (%) Area (sq km) (Number) Kiltoom, Co. Roscommon Population (Number) 1,614 1,656 Males (Number) Females (Number) Actual change since previous census (Number) Percentage change since previous census (%) Area (sq km) (Number) Lecarrow, Co. Roscommon Population (Number) Males (Number) Females (Number) Actual change since previous census (Number) 45 3 Percentage change since previous census (%) Area (sq km) (Number) Moore, Co. Roscommon Population (Number) Males (Number) Females (Number) Actual change since previous census (Number) Percentage change since previous census (%) Area (sq km) (Number) Rockhill, Co. Roscommon Population (Number) Males (Number) Females (Number) Actual change since previous census (Number) Percentage change since previous census (%) Area (sq km) (Number) Taghboy, Co. Roscommon Population (Number) Males (Number) Females (Number) Actual change since previous census (Number) Percentage change since previous census (%) Area (sq km) (Number) Taghmaconnell, Co. Roscommon Population (Number) Males (Number) Females (Number) Actual change since previous census (Number) Percentage change since previous census (%)