Chapter 11 Financial Markets

Size: px

Start display at page:

Download "Chapter 11 Financial Markets"

Vivian Atkins
7 years ago
Views:

1 Chapter 11 Financial Markets 1. Savings and Investing 2. Bonds and Financial Assets 3. The Stock Market How do your savings and investments affect your future?

2 1. Savings and Investing What is your investment? Right now!

3 Investing and Free Enterprise Investing - the act of redirecting resources from being consumed today so that it may create benefits in the future I really want that new phone, but I would rather save for my car.

4 The Financial System The network of structures and mechanisms that allow the transfer of money between savers and borrowers Financial Assets a claim on the property or income of a borrower WHAT DO YOU OWN? An IPOD, a baseball card, a car, a home

5 Financial Intermediaries Helps channel funds from savers to borrowers Banks, Savings and Loans, Credit Unions Mutual Funds -organization that pools the savings of many individuals and invests this money in a variety of stocks, bonds, and other financial assets Hedge fund private investment that employs risky strategies Life insurance companies -financial protection to families Pension Funds -money received after retirement

6 Sharing Risk and Providing Information Diversification spreading out investments Portfolios -a a collection of financial assets Prospectus investment report provides information to potential investors

7 Liquidity, Return, and Risk Liquidity -ability to use cash Return the money an investor receives beyond the sum of invested Risk higher risks greater chance of failure or success The risk/return tradeoff could easily be called the ability to-sleepat-night test. While some people can handle the equivalent of financial skydiving without batting an eye, others are terrified to climb the financial ladder without a secure harness. Deciding what amount of risk you can take while remaining comfortable with your investments is very important.... Forbes, The Risk-Return Tradeoff Which investment has greater liquidity, a saving account or a certificate of deposit?

8 Types of Risks Name Description Example Credit Risk Liquidity Risk Inflation Rate Risk Time Risk Borrowers may not pay back the money they have borrowed, or they may be late in marking period. You may not be able to convert the investment back into cash quickly enough for your needs Inflation rate erodes the value of your assets You may have to pass up better opportunities for investment You lend $20 to your cousin, who promises to pay you back in two weeks. When your cousin fails to pay you on time, you don t t have money for the basketball tickets you had planned to buy. Your MP3 player is worth $100. You need cash to buy concert tickets, so you decided to sell your MP3 player. To convent your MP3 player into cash on short notice, you have to discount the price to $75. Ricardo lends Jeff $1,000 for one year at 10 percent interest. If the inflation rate is 12 percent, Ricardo loses money. Lili invests $100 in May s s cleaning business to be repaid at 5 percent interest for one year later. Six months later, Lili is unable to invest in Sonia s s pet-sitting business, which pays 10 percent interest, because she has already invested her savings.

9 2. Bonds and other Financial Assets Why are bonds bought and sold? Helps the government finance big projects No, not Barry Bonds!

10 As Financial Assets-Three components Coupon Rate the interest rate that a bond issuer will pay to the bondholder Maturity the time at which payment to a bondholder is due Par Value- bond s s stated value, to be paid at maturity (Yield-the annual rate of return on a bond if held until maturity)

11 Types of Bonds Savings Bonds -low denomination bond issued by federal government Treasury Bonds -offer different lengths of maturity Municipal Bonds -state or local government to finance a public project Corporate Bonds issued by a corporation to help raise money for expansion Junk Bonds -high risk and potential high yield

12 Other Types Certificate of Deposits (CDS) most common form low risk Money Market Mutual Funds medium risk (not covered by FDIC)

13 Treasury Bonds, Notes, and Bills Treasury Bond Treasury Note Treasury Bill Term Long term Intermediate term Short term Maturity 30 years 2,5, or 10 years 4, 13, 26, or 52 weeks Liquidity and safety Safe Safe Liquidity and Safe Minimum purchase $100 $100 $100 Denomination $100 $100 $100

14 Financial Asset Markets Capital Markets - money is lent for periods longer than a year Money Markets money is lent for less than a year Primary Markets selling financial assets that can be redeemed only by the original holder Secondary Markets reselling financial assets

15 Average Bond Yields From the early 1990s to the early 2000s, bond yields dipped slightly for all three types of bonds shown. Which type of bond had the highest yield? y Which of the three types of bonds would you expect to carry the least risk? Explain Corporate 20 year Treasury Municipal

16 3. The Stock Market Let s s Play the Stock Game! Well, Honey I lost my shirt, literally! Maybe you should give it a shot!

17 Buying Stock Shares a portion of stocks Benefits of Stocks Dividends Capital Gains -financial gain; purchase price is higher than the selling price

18 Types of Stocks Income Stock - provides investors with income Growth Stock -pays a few dividends Common Stock involved in voting Preferred Stock -get dividends back before common, but non voting

19 How Stocks Are Traded Stockbrokers person who links buyers and sellers in stock Brokerage firms a business that specializes in trading stocks Stock Exchange a market for buying and selling stock (New York Stock Exchange and Nasdaq)

20 Futures and Options Futures contract to buy or sell commodities at a particular date in the future at a price specified today Options contracts that give investors the right to buy and sell stock and other assets Call Option buy stock at a price until a specified future date Put Option sell stock at a price until a specified future date

21 Measuring Stock Performance Bull Market steady rise in the market Bear Market steady drop in the market

22 The Great Crash Speculation practice of making high risk investments with borrowed money in hopes of getting a big return October 29, 1928 Black Tuesday 16.4 million shares sold starting the Great Depression Attitudes towards stock changed and many peoples felt it was too risky

23 Risk, Liquidity, and Return Risk Liquidity Return Certificate of Deposit Minimal Risk Least liquidity Potentially, least return Bond Minimal Risk Must be held to maturity; however can be sold on bond market for current price Greater return than CDs, but potentially less return than individual stocks and mutual funds Individual Stocks Greater Risk Can be sold at current price on the stock market Greatest potential return Mutual Funds Less Risk than stocks; more than bonds Cab be sold at current price on stock market Potentially. Less return than stocks, more than bonds

Saving and Investing. Chapter 11 Section Main Menu

Saving and Investing. Chapter 11 Section Main Menu Saving and Investing How does investing contribute to the free enterprise system? How does the financial system bring together savers and borrowers? How do financial intermediaries link savers and borrowers?