Lab 12 Special Senses: Vision Exercise 24 Special Senses: Hearing and Equilibrium Exercise 25
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1 Lab 12 Special Senses: Vision Exercise 24 Special Senses: Hearing and Equilibrium Exercise 25 Vision Some of the activities below can be done at home. Activity 1:Identifying Accessory Eye Structures Activity 2: Identifying Internal Structures of the Eye Dissection: The Cow Eye Activity 5: Demonstrating the Blind Spot Activity 6: Determining Near Point Accommodation Activity 7: Testing Visual Acuity There is a white line on the lab floor 20 feet from the chart. Activity 8: Testing for Astigmatism Activity 9: Testing for Color Blindness Activity 10: Testing for Binocular Vision Demonstrating Afterimages Negative afterimage ( An afterimage in which the lightness relationship is reversed; if chromatic, it appears in complementary color, for example a green image that is looked at for a while when gaze is turned to a white sheet of paper it would have a red afterimage. Afterimages usually last from about a few seconds to a minute. most nerve cells quickly readjust. Use the picture of the American flag at the front of the lab. Stare at the image for one minute and then look at the white area below the flag until an image appears. It can take several seconds. Hearing Activity 1: Identifying the Structures of the Ear Activity 4: Conducting Laboratory Tests on Hearing Acuity Test Sound Localization Weber Test Microscopic Anatomy of the Cochlea - from Figures in Lab Manual Viewing the slide is optional.
2 Name Lab Section Data and Review Sheets - Special Senses Data Sheet 1. Record the results of the Snellen Test for Visual Acuity Right eye unaided Right eye with correction Left eye unaided Left eye with correction Why is it important to check each eye separately? 2. Record the results of the test for Near Point of Accommodation Right eye Left eye Is your near point within normal range? 3. a. Describe what happened when you stared at the flag figure and then looked at a white background. b. What is this called?
3 Cow Eye Dissection Questions 1. What is the name of the place where the retina attached to the eyeball? 2. What is the relationship between the location of the optic disc and the optic nerve? 3. Compare the shape of the cow pupil to the pupil of the human eye. 4. What is tapetum lucidum? What is its role? Is it present in the human eye? 5. In what two ways are the cornea and lens affected by the preservative? 2 points. and 6. What is the normal condition of the lens and cornea in an unpreserved eye? 2 points. and
4 1. What does 20/20 vision mean? Review Sheet 2. What does 20/40 vision mean? 3. What does 20/15 vision mean? 4. a. What is astigmatism? b. What is the test for astigmatism? 5. a. What is another name for the part of the retina called the blind spot? b. Why is vision lost when light passes over this area? c. What receptors are responsible for color vision? d. What receptors are responsible for vision in shades of gray?
5 6. a. Where are the extrinsic or external eye muscles attached to the eyeball? b. Which branch of the nervous system controls these muscles? Somatic motor Autonomic (circle one) c. Where are the internal muscles of the eye located? (2 places) d. Which branch of the nervous system controls these muscles? Somatic motor Autonomic (circle one) 7. Use the figure in the lab manual to trace an impulse from the retina to the visual cortex. Axons of ganglion cells of the retina synapse in the thalamus visual cortex
6 A D B C N M E F G L H I J K 8. Match the letters on the figure with the terms below: Aqueous humor Choroid Ciliary body Cornea Iris Lens Optic disc Optic nerve Pupil Retina Sclera Scleral venous sinus Suspensory ligaments Vitreous body
7 The Ear F A B C D E G H I J K L 9. Label on the figure: Auditory tube Cochlea External auditory canal Incus Inner ear Malleus Middle ear cavity Semicircular canals Stapes Tympanic membrane Vestibule Vestibulocochlear nerve 10. What is the role of the hair cells of the cochlea in hearing sounds of different pitches, and why should you wear ear plugs at loud concerts?
8 11. Label: Print the labels in the margins. basilar membrane cochlear nerve inner hair cells outer hair cells tectorial membrane 12. Record threshold of audibility. Right ear cm. Left ear cm. 13. Sound localization. At which positions was sound less easily located? How can you explain this? 2 points
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