Michelle Havey, MS Jim Starkes Jeff Barrett, PhD
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1 MARINE MAMMAL/MARBLED MURRELET MONITORING DURING PILE DRIVING ACTIVITIES Hart Crowser, Inc. Hart Crowser, Inc. Michelle Havey, MS Jim Starkes Jeff Barrett, PhD
2 Noise in the Marine Environment Nt Natural vs. Anthropogenic Ath Examples Sonar Geophysical Surveys In-water Construction ti Dredging Pile Driving
3 Impacts from Pile Driving Noise Physical Barotrauma Affects Air Filled Cavities Loss of hearing Behavioral Marine Mammals Flight behavior Avoidance Red Head Internal Bleeding Ruptured Swim Bladder Cessation of Foraging Ruptured Kidney Massive Internal Bleeding
4 Acoustic Signatures over pressure Impact Hammer under pressure Vibratory Hammer
5 Behavioral Disturbance Marine Mammals and Marbled Murrelets ESA and MMPA Definitions Disruption of Natural Behavior Patterns Migration Breathing/Diving Nursing Breeding Feeding Sheltering
6 Guidelines for Behavioral Effects Air Underwater Species Group Disturbance Threshold Disturbance Threshold Vibratory Hammer Disturbance Threshold Impact Hammer Injury Threshold Whales 120 db RMS 160 db RMS 180 db RMS Seals/Sea Lions db 120 db RMS 160 db RMS 190 db RMS Marbled Murrelet 92 db NA 150 db RMS 202 db SEL Guidelines Only, but Presently Agencies are Using as Criteria Lower Thresholds for Disturbance with the Vibratory Hammer Can be lower than ambient background in Puget Sound MMPA Includes All Marine Mammals, Not Just ESA-Listed
7 Impact Pile Driving Pile Type H-Piles (Steel) Timber Pile 24-inch Concrete Pile 12-inch Steel Pile 14-inch Steel Pile 24-inch Steel Pile 36-inch Steel Pile db Peak Vibratory Driving db Lower Source: WSDOT/CalTrans
8 Mitigation Bubble Curtains TNAP Monitoring Biological Monitoring Acoustic Monitoring Multi-Ring Bubble Curtain Closed Cell Foam Lined TNAP
9 Incidental Harassment Authorization Requirement Pursuant to MMPA Analysis of project to allow incidental take of marine mammals Project proponents request an IHA for behavioral harassment during pile driving operations May be a Requirement for Formal ESA Consultations Issue of Risk Management Will your project need this protection? Project visibility, public scrutiny, popularity Includes All Marine Mammals, Not Just ESA-Listed All Evaluations Conducted by NOAA Fisheries Silver Springs, Maryland 6 to 8 months to obtain IHA
10 MONITORING SURVEYS
11 In-house Expertise Name Role(s) Company Jeff Barrett Project Manager / MC / MAMUO Hart Crowser Hans Hurn MC / MMO / MAMUO Hart Crowser MC=Monitoring Coordinator MMO=Marine M Mammal Observer MAMUO=Marbled Murrelet Observer* Michelle Havey MC / MMO / MAMUO Hart Crowser Jim Starkes MC / MMO / MAMUO Hart Crowser Jason Stutes MC / MMO / MAMUO Hart Crowser Jon Houghton MC / MMO / MAMUO Hart Crowser Caanan Cowles MMO / MAMUO Hart Crowser Emily Duncanson MMO / MAMUO Hart Crowser Kelsey Donahue MMO / MAMUO Hart Crowser Steve Hall MMO / MAMUO Hart Crowser Paula von Weller MMO / MAMUO Hart Crowser Pete Heltzel MMO / MAMUO Hart Crowser Andrew Kaparos MMO Hart Crowser Kerry Hosken MMO Hart Crowser James Reyff** Acoustician Illingworth & Rodkin Jared McDaniel** Acoustician Illingworth & Rodkin Jordan Roberts** Acoustician Illingworth & Rodkin * Certified by the USFWS ** Longtime Subcontractor
12 Construction Oversight Agency Required Understanding of Contractor/Pile Driving Operations Monitors Work Monitors Work Closely Within Operations
13 Target Species for Waterfront Biological Monitoring Marine Mammals Birds Harbor porpoise Marbled murrelets* Dall s porpoise Southern resident Orca* Humpback whales* Harbor seals California i sea lions Fish Reporting requirement for any observed constructionrelated fish kills Steller sea lions* * ESA-Listed Species
14 Humpback Whale Harbor Seal Marbled Murrelet California Sea Lion Steller Sea Lion Southern Resident Orca
15 Impact Monitoring Zones Marine Mammal Distance at which noise reaches criteria Ij Injury Thresholds hld Behavioral Thresholds Project Specific Distances Set by Agency Negotiations
16 Impact Monitoring Zones Marbled Murrelet USFWS-specific Protocol Certified Bird Observers Sea State Restrictions Boat and dshore Monitors Distances Project Specific
17 DATA ANALYSIS
18 Sightings Data Construction Type and Season Affect Protocols Tablet Collected Data + GIS Mapping = Fast, Accurate Take Assessments Agency Reporting Extensive, Sometime Difficult Harbor Seal Sightings
19 ESA Species Tracking Daily Tracking of Individual ESA species Immediate Determination of Take Agency Notification Marbled Murrelet Sightings
20 Behavioral Observations 50.0% n= % 40.0% 35.0% 30.0% 25.0% 20.0% 15.0% n=114 n= % n=65 n=61 50% 5.0% 0.0% n=23 n=6 Resting Vocalizing Looking Fighting Playing Milling Other Observed Behavior California Sea Lion Behaviors
21 Behavior During Different Construction Scenarios 100% 90% 80% 70% 60% n= 4 n= 48 n= 8 Other Chuff Chuff Chuff Look Look Sw im Sw im 100% 90% 80% 70% 60% n = 52 Other Chuff Look Sw im n = 7 n = 1 Chuff Look Sw im 50% 40% Sw im Travel Travel 50% 40% Travel Travel Porpoise 30% 30% 20% 10% Dive Dive Dive 20% 10% Dive Dive 0% Pre-Construction Construction Post-Construction 0% None / Other Vibratory Impact Construction Type Construction Event Type California Sea Lion Behavior
22 Behavior During Different Construction Scenarios 100% 90% 80% 70% 60% 50% 40% 30% 20% 10% 0% n=9 Sw imming Feeding Resting No Pile Driving n=4 Feeding Resting Impact Marbled Murrelet Behavior
23 Reporting
24 Summary Hart Crowser Has Successfully Implemented the Largest MM/MAMU Monitoring Programs in the Region Maintain one of the Largest Staffs of Certified Biologists and Experienced Monitoring Coordinators Have Successfully Kept Pile Driving Programs On Track With Minimal Disruption of Operations Good Relationships with Federal Permitting/Oversight Agencies Have Successfully Negotiated Reasonable and Cost-Effective Monitoring i Programs for Waterfront tdevelopment tclients Established Relationships with Pile Driving Contractors/Operators and Acoustic Monitoring Firms
25 QUESTIONS?
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