DRAFT Jamaican Standard. Specification. for. Room air conditioner energy & other performance testing

Transcription

1 ICS DRAFT Jamaican Standard Specification for Room air conditioner energy & other performance testing Notice This is a draft standard and shall not be used or referenced as a Jamaican Standard. This draft is subject to change without notice. Recipients of this draft are invited to submit their comments during the designated public comment period. BUREAU OF STANDARDS JAMAICA COMMENT DEADLINE 23 MARCH 2016

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3 IMPORTANT NOTICE Jamaican Standards are subject to periodical review. The next amendment will be sent without charge if you cut along the dotted line and return the self-addressed label. If we do not receive this label we have no record that you wish to be kept up-to-date. Our address is: Bureau of Standards 6 Winchester Road P.O. Box 113 Kingston 10 Jamaica W.I ( cut along the line) JS 179: 20XX NAME OR DESIGNATION... ADDRESS

4 ICS JBS CERTIFICATION MARK PROGRAMME The general policies of the JBS Certification Mark Programme are as follows: - The JBS provides certification services for manufacturers participating in the programme and licensed to use the gazetted JBS Certification Marks to indicate conformity with Jamaican Standards. - Where feasible, programmes will be developed to meet special requirements of the submitter. Where applicable, certification may form the basis for acceptance by inspection authorities responsible for enforcement of regulations. - In performing its functions in accordance with its policies, JBS will not assume or undertake any responsibility of the manufacturer or any other party. Participants in the programme should note that in the event of failure to resolve an issue arising from interpretation of requirements, there is a formal appeal procedure. Further information concerning the details of the JBS Certification Mark Programme may be obtained from the Bureau of Standards, 6 Winchester Road, Kingston 10. CERTIFICATION MARKS Product Certification Marks Plant Certification Mark Certification of Agricultural Produce (CAP) Mark

5 ICS Jamaican Standard Specification for Room air conditioner energy & other performance testing Bureau of Standards Jamaica 6 Winchester Road P.O. Box 113 Kingston 10 JAMAICA, W.I. Tel: (876) , (876) , (876) Fax: (876) Website: info@bsj.org.jm Month 20xx

6 20xx Bureau of Standards Jamaica All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and microfilm without permission in writing from the Bureau of Standards Jamaica. ISBN xxx-xxx-xxxxx Declared by the Bureau of Standards Jamaica to be a standard specification pursuant to section 7 of the Standards Act, First published 1990 First Revision Month 20xx This standard method of test was circulated in draft form for comments. Jamaican Standard establish requirements in relation to commodities, processes and practices, but do not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. The attention of those using this standard method of test is called to the necessity of complying with any relevant legislation Amendments No. Date of issue Remarks Entered by and date ii

7 Foreword This standard is a revision of and supersedes JS 179: This standard establishes test methods which may be applied for measuring energy and other performance characteristics of any brand or model of room air conditioners. The very stringent testing environment, testing equipment and test procedures prescribed by this standard, ensure that it produces results that are repeatable and which will allow performance comparisons to be made within and across the various types and brands of room air conditioners. Having laid a solid basis for brand comparison of all types of room air conditioners, the standard goes on to give a calculated and objective means to arrive at a visual indication (stars and half stars) which shows the comparative energy efficiency of all models of room air conditioner in the Jamaican market. Finally, to ensure that Jamaica saves very significant energy from its energy efficiency labeling program, this standard goes on to give a table of minimum energy efficiency consumption allowed for each type of room air conditioners. Standards inspectors will be duty bound to refuse importation and to remove models from the Jamaican market that do meet the minimum energy efficiency requirement. This standard is intended to be compulsory. Committee representation The preparation of this standard for the Standards Council, established under the Standards Act 1968, was carried out under the supervision of the Bureau s Refrigerator /Freezer Energy and Efficiency Committee which at the time of drafting the standard was comprised of the following members: Cooperating organizations The following organizations assisted greatly to make the drafting of this standard possible: a) The Ministry of Science Technology Energy and Mining b) The World Bank. Acknowledgement Acknowledgement is made to the following institutions for permission to reproduce material from the following documents: Association of Home Appliance Manufacturers AHAM RAC The Canadian Standards Association CSA C American Society of Heating Refrigeration & Air-conditioning Engineers ANSI/ASHRAE (RA 2014) Australian / New Zealand Standard AS / NZS :2013 Related documents This standard makes reference to the following: ASHRAE Standard JS 1: Part 4 Standard measurement guide The labeling of Household Electrical Appliances. iii

8 Contents Page Foreword 3 Committee representation 3 Cooperating organization 3 Acknowledgement 3 Related documents 3 Specification 1 Purpose of Standard 1 2 Scope 1 3 Definitions 2 4 Measurement Tolerance 5 5 Basis of Test for Rating Room Air Conditioners 7 6 Test Equipment 7 7 Measurement Requirements for Test 17 8 Performance Tests 18 9 Calorimeter Heat Leakage Determination Calculations Minimum Energy Efficiency Requirements Calculations for Energy Labelling 44 iv

9 Jamaican Standard Specification for Room air conditioner energy & other performance testing 1. PURPOSE OF STANDARD The purpose for this standard is as follows: a. To establish a uniform, repeatable procedure or standard test method to determine specified attributes of room air-conditioners. b. To ensure that the standard test methods specified and the recommended levels of performance enable comparison and evaluation of different brands and models of room air-conditioners to be made in characteristics important to product use. c. To ensure that the standard test methods specified and the recommended levels of performance do not inhibit innovations or prevent improvement in design and performance. 2. SCOPE a. This standard specifies the energy performance test methods, product characteristics, minimum efficiency levels & energy labeling requirements for room air-conditioners. b. It includes sections on definitions, test conditions, tests for standard measurements, performance tests, calculation & testing of cooling capacity, additional performance tests, minimum energy efficiency levels and calculations for energy label. c. This standard covers room air-conditioners powered by single phase alternating current with condensers that are air or water cooled. d. It covers room air-conditioners having cooling capacity from 1.75 kw (6,000 Btu/h) to kw (36,000 Btu). e. This standard does not apply to the rating & testing of individual assemblies such as the cooling or the heating section for separate use. f. It does prescribe methods for testing and rating the cooling and heating capacities of room air-conditioners. g. This standard does not apply to portable air-conditioners. h. SI units are the legal measurement units in Jamaica and where they occur in this standard is for the purpose of record. The values given in parenthesis are for information and comparative purposes only. i. In this Standard the following verbs when used have the meaning now ascribed to them: Shall is used to express a requirement, i.e. a provision that the user is obliged to satisfy in order to comply with the standard; Should is used to express a recommendation or that which is advised but not required; May is used to express an option or that which is permissible within the limits of the Standard; Notes accompanying clauses do not include requirements or alternative requirements; the purpose of a note accompanying a clause is to separate from the text explanatory or informative material. Notes to tables and figures are considered part of the table or figure and may be written as requirements. 1

10 Annexes are designated normative (mandatory) or informative (non-mandatory) to define their application. 3. DEFINITIONS For the purpose of this standard the following definitions apply: 3.1 Accuracy of readings. The accuracy of a reading is a measure of how close the result of a measurement comes to the true, actual or accepted value. Note: Where percentage limits of readings are specified herein, the reference is to the magnitude of the quantity measured and not the scale of the instrument. 3.2 Average annual energy consumption. A calculated value that represents the energy consumed during one year in active mode operation. For this calculation, the compressor operating hours are assumed to be 750 hours. 3.3 Casement only air-conditioner. A room air-conditioner designed for mounting in a casement window with an encased assembly having a width of 375 mm (14.8 in) or less. 3.4 Casement slider air-conditioner. A room air-conditioner with an encased assembly designed for mounting in a sliding or casement window having a width of 395 mm (15.5 in) or less. 3.5 Coefficient of performance (COP). Ratio of the rate of heat delivered to the conditioned space to the rate of energy input, in consistent units, for a complete operating heat pump system or some specified portion of that system under Jamaican mains operating conditions. Note: For this standard both input energy and output heat shall be in watts or kilowatts. 3.6 Cooling capacity. The cooling capacity of an air-conditioner is a measure of its ability to remove heat from an enclosed space, room or zone. 3.7 Combined annual energy consumption. Shall be composed of the sum of: a) The average annual energy consumption; & b) The standby mode and off-mode energy consumption per year. 3.8 Combined energy efficiency ratio (CEER). A factor used to characterize the energy performance of a room air-conditioner that is equivalent to the annualized cooling capacity of an air-conditioning unit in Btu divided by the combined annual energy consumption in watts. 3.9 Energy Efficiency Ratio (EER). The energy efficiency ratio is a value representing the relative electrical efficiency of a room air-conditioner. It is expressed in Btu/Wh and is obtained by dividing the measured cooling capacity in Btu/h by the measured average electrical power input in watts to produce the measured cooling capacity Evaporative equilibrium of a wet bulb thermometer. Condition obtained when the wetted wick surrounding the temperature sensing bulb has reached a state of constant temperature. When the temperature sensing bulk and wick is exposed to air at velocities of approximately 5 m/s (1,000 fpm), the temperature indicated by the thermometer may be considered a true wet-bulb temperature. 2

11 3.11 Exhaust air flow of an air conditioner. The amount of air discharged per unit time to the outside by an air-conditioning unit from an enclosed space, room or zone Heating capacity: The heating capacity is a measure of the ability of a unit to add heat to an enclosed space, room or zone Leakage air flow. The amount of air interchanged within an air-conditioning unit between its room side (evaporator) & outdoor side (condenser) compartments as a result of faulty sealing techniques used by the manufacturer Modes of air conditioner operation. The operational modes of a room air conditioning unit shall be as follows: Active mode. A mode in which a room air-conditioner is connected to its required power source, has been activated, and is performing the main function of cooling or heating the conditioned space, or circulating air through activation of its fan or blower, with or without energizing active air- cleaning components or devices such as ultraviolet (UV) radiation, electrostatic filters, ozone generators or other air-cleaning devices Free delivery operating mode. A subset of the active operating mode of an airconditioning unit where the control system opens the air damper (fully or partially) & close the return air damper (fully or partially) so cool fresh outside air at or below the demand temperature is supplied through the air-conditioning system to the conditioned space without any cooling input from the air conditioning unit Inactive mode: A subset of the standby mode that: a) Facilitates the activation of the active mode by remote switch (including remote control) or internal sensor; and/or b) Provides continuous status display Off mode: A mode in which a room air-conditioner is connected to a mains power source but is not providing any active or standby mode function and where the mode can persist for an indefinite time. Note: An indicator that only shows the user that the air conditioning unit is in the off position is regarded as an off mode power consuming device Standby mode: Any product modes where the energy using product is connected to a mains power source & offers one or more of the following user-oriented or protective functions that might persist for an indefinite time: a) To facilitate the activation of other modes (including activation or deactivation of active mode) by remote switch (including remote control), internal sensor, or timer; and b) Continuous functions, including information or status displays (including clocks) or sensor-based functions. A timer is a continuous clock function (which may or may not be associated with a display) that provides regular scheduled tasks (e.g Moisture removal capacity. Moisture removal capacity is a measure of the ability of an airconditioning unit to remove moisture from an enclosed space, room or zone Net latent cooling effect. The total useful capacity of an air-conditioning unit to remove water vapour from a space being conditioned Net sensible cooling effect. The difference between the net total cooling effect and the dehumidifying effect. 3

12 3.18 Net total cooling effect of a unit. The total useful capacity of an air-conditioning unit for removing heat from the space being conditioned Psychrometric room calorimeter. A walk-in testing facility for assessing the thermal outputs & steady-state energy efficiencies of room air-conditioners (unitary & split units) having a range of kw to kw (6,000 Btu/h to 30,000 Btu/h) by the air enthalpy & electrical energy measurement methods. This facility consists of: a) An indoor room compartment which house the evaporator of the air conditioning unit under test (UUT). b) An outdoor room compartment which house the condenser of the UUT. c) Walls, roof, floor and partition walls between compartments which are extremely well insulated and sealed to prevent moisture losses. d) Heating, humidifying, room air circulation and mixing equipment for the indoor room compartment. e) Cooling, dehumidifying, room air circulation and mixing equipment for the outdoor room compartment. f) Pressure equalizing; temperature, pressure, humidity, electrical energy, air flow, steam & water input measuring and control equipment; data acquisition, computing and storage equipment as well as test software to conduct testing, activate measurement and control activities, store and analyze test data, generate test reports and printed energy labels. The output of this facility is measured and controlled to counter balance the room side net total cooling effect of the air conditioner under test. The facility accurately measures the cooling, heating, humidifying, dehumidifying & air mass flow ability of a room airconditioning unit under test (UUT) as well as its electrical energy consumption for a selected time interval. There are two types of psychrometric room calorimeters, viz the Calibrated Psychrometric Room Calorimeter and the Balanced Psychrometric Room Calorimeter. See Sections 6.2 and 6.3 for the distinguishing features between the Calibrated and Balanced Ambient Calorimeters Re-circulated air. Re-circulated air is the air discharged by an air-conditioning unit into an enclosed space, room or zone when all ventilating (air intake) dampers are closed Re-conditioning equipment. The heating and humidifying equipment used to balance the cooling and dehumidifying effects of an air conditioning UUT upon the air in the indoor room side compartment of a psychrometric calorimeter as well as cooling and dehumidifying equipment used to balance the heating and humidifying effects of an air conditioning UUT upon the air in the outdoor room side compartment of the calorimeter Room air conditioner. A room air conditioner is an encased assembly that satisfies the following conditions: a) It is designed as a unit to be mounted in a window or through a wall or in a ceiling or as a console; b) It is designed primarily to provide free delivery of conditioned air to an enclosed space, room or zone; and c) It includes a prime source of refrigeration for cooling and dehumidification and means for circulating and cleaning air, and can also include means for ventilating and heating. Notes: 1. Split units, window units and cassettes are to be regarded as room air-conditioners. 2. A packaged terminal air conditioner is a system designed to accommodate various components for heating methods (steam, electric, hot water, etc.) is not to be regarded as a room air conditioner. 4

13 3.23 Standard air. Air having a density of kg/m 3 ( lb/ft 3 ) and is equivalent to dry air at a temperature of 21.1 C (70 F) and barometric pressure of mm (29.92 inch) of mercury or kpa Standard barometric pressure. Is the barometric pressure of mm (29.92 inch) of mercury or kpa Ventilating air. The ventilating air of an air conditioner is the air introduced into the conditioned space, room or zone from outdoors by the air conditioner. 4. MEASUREMENT TOLERANCES 4.1 General. Room air conditioners test measurement tolerances shall be in accordance with that which is outlined in this standard. 4.2 Tolerances on test measurements. Tolerances on all standard test measurements shall be in accordance with this Section 4 of the standard Instrumentation. The instrumentation used for test measurements shall be such that it addresses the reproducibility and accuracy of test readings. Alternate instrumentation may be included if its measurement accuracy are equivalent to that of the primary instruments. If the simultaneous indoor and outdoor room sides capacity test method is not used, duplicate instrumentation shall be required for critical readings Allowed Variations on Test Measurements. Variations shall be allowed on test readings. Table 1 shows the extent of the variation allowed on these test readings. Steady state test conditions shall be maintained within the tolerances shown in Table 1 for at least 1 hour before recording of data for the cooling capacity test. 4.3 Tolerances on Specific Measurement Instruments. Tolerances on specific measurement instrument readings shall be in accordance with the requirements detailed in to Temperature measuring instruments. Temperature measurement and temperature measuring instruments unless otherwise stated shall be as described in this standard and in ASHRAE Standard Instrument accuracy for measurement of: (a) Wet- and dry-bulb temperatures of reconditioned air in both calorimeter compartments & condenser cooling water temperatures shall be 0.05 C (± 0.1 F). (b) Wet- and dry-bulb temperatures for air flow measurements shall be ± 0.5 C ( 1.0 F). (b) All other temperature instruments, 0.3 C (± 0.5 F) The smallest scale division of the temperature measuring instrument shall in no case exceed twice the specified accuracy. For example, for the specified accuracy of ± 0.05 C ( 0.1 F), the smallest scale division shall not exceed 0.1 C (0.2 F) Pressure measuring instruments (not including barometers) Air pressure measuring instruments accuracy shall allow measurements to be made within mm (0.005 in) H 2 O (1.25 Pa). 5

14 The instrument used to measure condenser cooling water pressure shall have an accuracy of ± 2% of the value measured The smallest scale division of the pressure measuring instrument shall in no case exceed two times the specified accuracy Electrical measuring instruments. Electrical measurements shall be made with either: a) Indicating type instruments; or b) Integrating type instruments The accuracy of all instruments used to measure electrical inputs (voltage, current, energy and frequency) to the calorimeter compartments shall be ± 0.5% of the quantity measured All electrical energy and current measurements shall be made at 220 Volts 50 Hz and not at the manufacturer s rated voltage and frequency unless otherwise specified Water flow measuring instruments. Volumetric measurements shall be made with flow measuring instruments of either: a) The liquid quantity meter type; or b) The liquid flow meter type Whatever type meter is used for measuring flow, I shall have an accuracy of at least ± 1.0% of the quantity measured A liquid quantity meter shall consist of a tank with enough volumetric capacity to hold at least 2 minutes of the liquid flow being measured. Measurement may be made either in weight or volume Air flow and air speed measurements Air flow measurements. Air flow measurements shall be calculated as outlined in Section 10.3 from measurements obtained with the special measurement apparatus shown in Figure 4 which may contain a single nozzle or multiple nozzles. If the nozzle(s) used are constructed according to Figure 3 and the nozzle velocity pressure is measured by a 0.1 % pressure transducer, the best accuracy possible from this apparatus should be around ± 4.5 % of air flow measurement. For greater accuracy of air flow measurements the following methodologies should be used: a) Totally electronic thermal dispersion method which can result in air flow measurement accuracy of ± 2 3 % of measured air flow. b) Differential pressure based pilot tube arrays with 0.1 % pressure transducers method which can yield accuracies of ± 3.6 % of measured air flow Air speed measurements. Air speed measurements close to the air conditioning UUT shall be made at accuracy 0.5 m/s (98.5 ft/min) Other measurements. 6

15 Time measurements shall be made with instruments having an accuracy of ± 0.2% Weight measurements shall be made with apparatus having an accuracy of ± 1.0%. 4.4 Calibration. Specified accuracy of all measuring instruments shall be verified at least annually by comparison with: a) The Jamaica National Measurement Standard through a calibration conducted by the Bureau of Standards Jamaica; or b) The International Units of Measurements (SI) through a calibration done by a qualified and BSJ recognized measurement organization. 5. BASIS OF TESTING FOR RATING ROOM AIR CONDITIONERS 5.1 Parameters for determination. Parameters to be determined on the air conditioning UUT shall consist of: (a) (b) Quantitative effects produced upon the air in the space to be conditioned such as cooling in Watts (Btu/h), humidification in kilogram water/second (lbs/min) & air flow rate in Litres/second (ft³/min) under specified conditions. Other data pertaining to the equipment application such as current in amperes and the power consumed in watts under specified conditions. 6. TEST EQUIPMENT 6.1 Psychrometric calorimeters required for testing. Room air-conditioners shall be tested for cooling and/or heating capacity or energy consumption in a walk-in psychrometric calorimeter of either the calibrated or balanced ambient type as described in Sections 6.3 and Calibrated Room Type Calorimeter The Calibrated type psychrometric calorimeter shown in Figure 1A is a walk-in testing facility that determines the thermal outputs & steady-state energy efficiencies of unitary & split airconditioning units within the range kw to kw (6,000 Btu/h to 30,000 Btu/h) by the air enthalpy & electrical energy measurement methods. This type calorimeter shall have the following features and capabilities: a) Both indoor and outdoor room compartments for the housing of the evaporator and condenser sections respectively of the air conditioning UUT. b) Heating and humidification reconditioning equipment in its indoor room compartment to balance the cooling and dehumidification effect of the air conditioning evaporator under test. 7

16 Figure Calibrated Room Type Psychrometric Calorimeter 1A c) Cooling and dehumidification reconditioning equipment in its outdoor room compartment to balance the heating and humidification effect of the air conditioning condenser under test. d) Capability for each room compartment to circulate and mix the air within it so a fairly homogenous throughout the room compartment. e) Control the circulated air within each room compartment so the air velocity does not induce turbulence with the air conditioning UUT exit air. f) Walls, roof, floor and partition wall between the indoor and outdoor room compartments fabricated from nonporous, extremely well insulated interlocking panels which prevent any moisture loss through interfacing seams. g) Indoor room side and outdoor room side insulated wall partition having an opening to accommodate the mounting and separation of evaporator and condenser sections of all types room air conditioners to be tested. h) Capability to seal the interface between the air conditioning unit to be tested, including separated evaporator and condenser with their connecting pipes, and the indoor room/ outdoor room insulated partition wall to prevent thermal losses through moisture or air ingress/egress. Such seals may be provided by a combination of manufacturer s supplied insulated collars, gaskets and sealants. i) Access doors that have insulation R Value that is at least equal to that of the walls, roof, floor and indoor/outdoor room partition wall as well as gasketed or other suitable door seals that will prevent air and moisture loss. j) Calorimeter walls, roof, floor and the separating partition between the indoor and outdoor room compartments shall have insulation to prevent heat leakage exceeding 5.0% of the air conditioning UUT cooling capacity. k) Need to re-determine the heat leakage capacity every 2 years or earlier if any 8

17 modification is done to the indoor room or outdoor room compartment. l) An air space around the external walls, roof, floor and compartment partition wall of the test chamber that will permit free circulation of ambient air. m) No annular space around the indoor or outdoor room compartments. n) Capability for equalizing the pressure of the air in the indoor room and outdoor room compartments during tests and to measure the airflow and its enthalpy in the balancing process. o) Means for mounting the air conditioning UUT across the indoor room/outdoor room partition wall so there is no significant moisture or thermal loss between the air conditioning UUT and the partition wall through which it passes. p) Means for computerized measurement and control of temperatures, pressures, air flow velocities, time, humidification (weight of water in kilogram per second), electrical energy, supply voltage and frequency to the air conditioning UUT. q) Means for computerized averaging and recording of data from all the above measurements and using such data to calculate the steady-state energy efficiencies of the air conditioning UUT. r) Heat leakage through the indoor/outdoor room separating partition as well as the 3 walls, roof and floor of the indoor room compartment shall be introduced into the heat balance calculations and shall have been determined by calibration in accordance with Section 9. s) Capability to determine room air conditioners cooling capacity by measurements & calculation on the indoor room side compartment only. t) The indoor room side cooling capacity determination shall be made by balancing the cooling and dehumidifying effects of the air conditioning UUT with measured heat and water inputs from the reconditioning equipment. u) Cannot confirm the cooling capacity test results accuracy done on the indoor room side compartment by comparison of simultaneous measurement data from its outdoor room compartment. v) Requires an industry standard air conditioning UUT to calibrate the calorimeter measurement accuracy periodically. w) The size of the calorimeter indoor and outdoor rooms shall be sufficient to avoid any restriction to intake or discharge air openings of the air conditioning UUT. x) Perforated plates or other suitable grilles shall be provided at the discharge openings of the reconditioning equipment to prevent reconditioned air velocities exceeding 0.5 m/s (100 fpm) within 0.91 m (3 ft) of the air conditioning UUT. 6.3 Balanced Ambient Room Type Calorimeter The Balanced Ambient Room Type Psychrometric Calorimeter shown in Figure 1B is a walkin testing facility that determines the thermal outputs & steady-state energy efficiencies of unitary & split air-conditioning units within the range kw to kw (6,000 Btu/h to 30,000 Btu/h) by the air enthalpy & electrical energy measurement methods. This type calorimeter shall have the following features and capabilities: a) Indoor and outdoor room compartments for the housing of the evaporator and condenser sections respectively of the air conditioning UUT. b) Heating and humidification reconditioning equipment in its indoor room compartment to balance the cooling and dehumidification effect of the evaporator section of the air conditioning UUT. 9

18 .Figure Balanced Ambient Room Type Psychrometric Calorimeter 1B c) Cooling and dehumidification reconditioning equipment in its outdoor room compartment to balance the heating and humidification effect of the air conditioning condenser under test. d) Capability for each room compartment to circulate and mix the air within it so a fairly homogenous throughout the room compartment. e) Control of the circulated air within each room compartment so the air velocity does not induce turbulence with the air conditioning UUT exit air. f) Walls, roof, floor and partition wall between the indoor and outdoor room compartments fabricated from nonporous, extremely well insulated interlocking panels which will prevent any moisture loss through interfacing seams. g) Indoor room side and outdoor room side insulated wall partition having an opening to accommodate the mounting and separation of evaporator and condenser sections of all types room air conditioners to be tested. h) Capability to seal the interface between the air conditioning unit to be tested, including separated evaporator and condenser with their connecting pipes, and the indoor room/ outdoor room insulated partition wall to prevent thermal losses through moisture or air ingress/egress. Such seals may be provided by a combination of manufacturer s supplied insulated collars, gaskets and sealants. i) Access doors that have insulation R Value that is at least equal to that of the walls, roof, floor and indoor/outdoor room partition wall as well as gasketed or other suitable door seals that will prevent air and moisture loss. j) Calorimeter walls, roof, floor and the separating partition between the indoor and 10

19 outdoor room compartments insulation to prevent heat leakage exceeding 5.0% of the air conditioning UUT cooling capacity. k) Need to re-determine the heat leakage capacity every 2 years or earlier if any modification is done to the indoor room or outdoor room compartment. l) No needed for an out of chamber air space around the external walls, roof, floor and compartment partition wall. m) Separate annular spaces around the indoor room and outdoor room compartments such that the walls, roof, and floor of the annular space is separated from the walls, roof, and floor of the indoor and outdoor room compartments by at least 305 mm (12 inches) to enable uniform air temperature. n) Separate air conditioning equipment in both the indoor and outdoor room annular spaces that enable: i. The temperature of the indoor room annular space to be adjusted and kept at the same temperature as the indoor room. ii. The temperature of the outdoor room annular space to be adjusted and kept at the same temperature as the outdoor room. o) Capability for equalizing the pressure of the air in the indoor room and outdoor room compartments during tests and to measure the airflow and its enthalpy in the balancing process. p) Means for mounting the air conditioning UUT across the indoor room/outdoor room partition wall so there is no significant moisture or thermal loss between the air conditioning UUT and the partition wall through which it passes. q) Means for computerized measurement and control of temperatures, pressures, air flow velocities, time, humidification (weight of water in kilogram per second), electrical energy, supply voltage and frequency to the air conditioning UUT. r) Means for computerized averaging and recording of data from all the above measurements and using such data to calculate the steady-state energy efficiencies of the air conditioning UUT. s) Heat leakage through the indoor/outdoor room separating partition shall be factored into the heat balance calculations and shall be determined by calibration in accordance with Section 9. Note: Heat leakage through the 3 walls, roof and floor of the indoor or outdoor room compartments shall not be introduced in the heat balanced calculations for this type chamber since by keeping the indoor room annular space at the indoor room compartment temperature and keeping the outdoor room annular space at the outdoor room compartment temperature means no heat transfer (leakage) occurs across these surfaces. t) Capability to determine room air conditioners cooling capacity by measurements & calculation on the indoor room side compartment only. u) The indoor room side cooling capacity determination shall be made by balancing the cooling and dehumidifying effects of the air conditioning UUT with measured heat and water inputs from the reconditioning equipment. v) Capability to obtain confirmation of such cooling capacity determination correctness on the outdoor room side compartment if measurements used in both cooling and confirmation capacity calculations are made on the indoor room side and the outdoor room side compartments simultaneously. w) The outdoor side capacity, if measured, shall provide a confirming test of the cooling 11

20 capacity and dehumidifying effect of the air conditioning UUT by balancing the heat and water rejection on the condenser side of the air conditioning UUT with a measured amount of cooling and its dehumidifying effect. x) The outdoor room side compartment does not require the use of its annular space when only indoor room side capacity tests are being done. y) The size of the calorimeter indoor and outdoor rooms shall be sufficient to avoid any restriction to intake or discharge air openings of the air conditioning UUT. z) Perforated plates or other suitable grilles shall be provided at the discharge openings of the reconditioning equipment to prevent reconditioned air velocities exceeding 0.5 m/s (100 fpm) within 0.91 m (3 ft) of the air conditioning UUT. 6.4 Calorimeter measurement equipment & their operation Pressure equalization device. a. A balanced pressure between the indoor room side and outdoor room side compartments shall be maintained during testing by installation of a Pressure Equalizing Device in the partition wall between the room compartments. b. The pressure equalizing device shall also be used to measure the air leakage, exhaust and ventilation air going between room compartments as well as indicate the direction of such air flow. c. Figure 2 shows a typical pressure equalizing device with component parts such as nozzles are used for the air flow measurements, manometer, air discharge chamber and blower fan with damper. d. Air flow from one room compartment to the other may be in either direction, therefore either two such devices shall be installed in opposite directions, or a device that can accommodate reversible air flow, shall be used. e. The manometer pressure pickup tubes shall be so located as to be unaffected by air discharged from the air conditioning UUT or by the exhaust air from the pressure equalizing device. f. The fan or blower which exhausts air from the discharge chamber shall permit variation of its air flow by any suitable means, such as a variable speed drive, or a damper as shown in Figure 2. The exhaust from this fan or blower shall be such that it will not affect the inlet air to the air conditioning UUT. g. The energy input to the fan motor of the pressure equalizing device shall be included in the total electrical energy input to the compartment in which it is located during thermal capacity testing. h. The equalizing device shall be adjusted during the calorimeter tests or air flow measurements so that the indoor room side and outdoor room side compartments static pressure difference is not greater than mm (0.005 in) H 2 O (1.25 Pa). Construction details and calculation shall be as specified in clause 5. 12

21 6.4.2 Reconditioning equipment. a. Each compartment shall be provided with reconditioning equipment to circulate the air and maintain prescribed temperature and humidity conditions within the indoor and outdoor room compartments. b. Reconditioning equipment for the indoor room side compartment shall consist of heaters to supply sensible heat to the room air, a humidifier to supply moisture to the room air, fans to circulate the room air around and a room air distribution enclosure with fine mesh screens to ensure even and directional control of the room air flow. The energy supply may be electric, steam, or any other source that can be controlled and measured. c. Reconditioning equipment for the outdoor room side compartment shall provide cooling and dehumidification. A cooling coil equipped with by-pass dampers to control the dry-bulb temperature and supplied with variable temperature water or variable water quantity to control the wet-bulb temperature may be used. If desired, dehumidifying apparatus or reheating apparatus or both may be used in combination with the cooling coil. d. Reconditioning equipment for both compartments shall be provided with fans of sufficient capacity to overcome the resistance of the reconditioning equipment and circulate not less than two times the quantity of air circulated by the air conditioning UUT to the room side or to the outdoor side as the case may be. e. In no case shall the reconditioning equipment circulate less than one room volume air change per min Nozzle air temperature & velocity pressure measuring equipments. 13

22 a. Ventilation, exhaust and leakage airflow shall be measured by equipment similar to that shown in Figure 2. b. The specified wet- and dry-bulb temperatures in both the indoor and outdoor room compartments shall be measured by remote reading thermometers, instruments or air sampling tubes. c. If the thermometers are to be inserted in the air sampling tubes, the internal diameter of any air-sampling tube to be used for measurement shall be not less than 75 mm (3 in). d. The air velocity over the wet-bulb temperature measuring instruments shall be approximately 5 m/s (1,000 fpm). Wet-bulb measurements above or below 5 m/s (1,000 fpm) shall be corrected according to ASHRAE Standard e. For ease of reading the thermometers, the air sampling tube may be brought outside of the calorimeter walls, but if that is done it shall be sealed and insulated to avoid air and heat leakages. f. The sampling tube fans and fan motors shall be installed completely within the calorimeter compartments and their electrical input measured and included in the total power component of the cooling or heating capacity calculations. Location of the fan motor shall be such that its heat will not cause stratification of air passing into the air conditioning UUT. The fan shall draw the air over the thermometers and return it to the same compartment in a manner that will not affect air temperature measurements or circulation of air from the air conditioning UUT Re-circulated Air flow measurement equipment. a. Re-circulated air flow measurements shall be made with apparatus similar to that shown in Figures 4 which is fitted with nozzle(s) as outlined in Figure 3, manometers and remote temperature measuring device(s). b. The essential features of the airflow measurement apparatus are: 1. A flexible adapter duct of negligible air resistance that fits snugly over the air conditioning UUT re-circulation air opening so that all output air from this opening will be captured and directed through the measurement apparatus A receiving chamber of sufficient size and configuration to take all the air from the adapter duct at one end and streamline the flow so it is as close to laminar as possible when it reaches the discharge nozzle(s) installed flush with the opposite end. To ensure that the airflow is laminar or very close to it at the nozzle end of the receiving chamber a diffusion baffle shall be fitted at a distance of 1.5 times the nozzle(s) diameter (average diameter) in front of the nozzle end of the chamber. The receiving chamber shall be fitted with a manometer or manometers located close to the adapter duct end of the chamber so the pressure (average pressure) of the air entering this chamber from the adapter duct can be measured. Note: Nozzles installed in laminar or near laminar air flow may be considered to have a negligible correction for approach velocity. 3. A discharge chamber into which the nozzle(s) empty the air from the receiving chamber. The air from this chamber is exhausted mainly through an air damper. This discharge chamber shall also be fitted with a diffusion 14

23 baffle located 1.5 nozzle diameters from the exhaust tip of the nozzle(s), a manometer or manometers to measure the air pressure (average air pressure) at the entrance section of this chamber and an adjustable speed exhaust fan used to overcome the air resistance between the ventilation or exhaust air discharge of the air conditioning UUT and the discharge chamber air damper outlet. 4. An air temperature sampling device that allows for dry- and wet-bulb temperature measurement of the air leaving the nozzle into the discharge chamber. If the re-circulated airflow measuring apparatus has more than one nozzle, then the discharged air temperature at each nozzle shall be measured. 5. Nozzles used in the re-circulated airflow measuring apparatus shall have size that with a throat velocity of at least 15 m/s (3,000 fpm) and centre-tocentre distances between nozzles of at least 3 throat diameters. Figure 3 Airflow Measuring Nozzle 6. Distance from the centre of any nozzle to any of the four adjacent side walls of the Airflow Measuring Apparatus being at least 2.5 throat diameters. 7. Distance between axes for nozzles of different diameters, are based upon the average diameter of the nozzles. 8. Manometer connection points to enable static pressure measurements to be made, shall be near the flexible duct and nozzle ends of the receiving chamber as well as the receiving end (nozzle end) of the discharge chamber. The manometer at the flexible duct end shall be used to establish zero static pressure head between the re-circulating air opening(s) at the air conditioning UUT and the receiving chamber while the connection points before and after the nozzle(s) shall measure the nozzle(s) velocity pressure. 15

24 Figure 4 Airflow Measuring Apparatus c. The size and arrangement of the discharge chamber shall be such that the distance from the center of any nozzle to the adjacent side wall shall not be less than 1.5 throat diameters and not less than five throat diameters to the next obstruction unless suitable diffusion baffles are used. d. To measure the pressure drop across nozzle(s), one or more manometers in parallel shall have one side connected to one or more static pressure connections located flush with the inner wall of the receiving chamber. The other side of the manometer(s) shall be connected in a similar manner to one or more static pressure connections in the wall of the discharge chamber. Note: Static pressure connections shall be located so as not to be affected by air flow. e. If desired, the velocity head of the air steam leaving the nozzle(s) may be measured by a pilot tube, but when more than one nozzle is in use, the pilot tube readings shall be determined for each nozzle. Temperature readings shall be used for determining air density and nozzle discharge coefficient. 6.5 Room compartment airflow pattern & interaction & their impact on measurements. a. Temperature gradients and air flow pattern in both the room side and outdoor side compartments are dependent on the air interaction between air from the reconditioning equipment and the air conditioning UUT. Therefore, the resultant conditions are peculiar to and dependent upon a given combination of calorimeter room compartment size, arrangement and size of reconditioning equipment, and the air discharge characteristics of the air conditioning UUT. b. No single location for the measurement of dry- and wet-bulb temperatures can be specified which will be suitable for all combinations of calorimeter dimensional configurations and the air conditioning unit which may be tested in it. c. It is intended that the specified test temperatures surrounding the air conditioning UUT shall simulate as nearly as possible the normal installation of the unit 16

25 operating at ambient air conditions identical with those specified in the test temperatures. d. The point of measurement for the specified wet- and dry-bulb test temperatures to be recorded shall be such that the following conditions are fulfilled: i. The measured temperature shall be representative of the temperature surrounding the unit and simulate the conditions encountered in an actual application for both room and outdoor sides as indicated above; ii. At the point of measurement, the temperature of room compartment air shall not be affected by the air discharged from the air conditioning UUT. This makes it mandatory that the temperature be measured upstream of any recirculation produced by the test unit. NOTE 1. The specified dry- and wet-bulb temperatures may be measured at the outlet of the reconditioning equipment if the conditions of air movement and air flow patterns in the calorimeter compartment are favourable; NOTE 2. The specified dry- and wet-bulb temperatures may be measured immediately upstream of the intake opening of the air conditioning UUT if it has been established that the air conditioning UUT does not produce any air recirculation from its discharge to its intake opening. Care should be taken to ensure that the temperature measuring equipment does not aid or penalize the air conditioning UUT in any way. 7. MEASUREMENT REQUIREMENTS FOR TEST Standard measurement requirements shall govern the cooling capacity, moisture removal capacity, re-circulated air quantity, ventilating air quantity, exhaust air quantity and electrical energy input tests conducted for rating of the air conditioning UU. These standard measurement requirements shall be as specified in Section Standard test conditions Temperature requirements for cooling capacity test. Temperature requirements for cooling capacity test for the air conditioning UUT with air cooled and water cooled condensers shall be as follows: a) Air cooled units Room air temperature C (80 F) dry bulb 19.4 C (67 F) wet bulb Outside air temperature C (95 F) dry bulb 23.9 C (75 F) wet bulb b) Water cooled units Room air temperature C (80 F) dry bulb 19.4 C (67 F) wet bulb Condensing water temperature C (75 F) entering 35.0 C (95 F) leaving Temperature Requirements for heating capacity test. Room air temperature C (70 F) dry bulb 15.6 C (60 F) wet bulb (Max) 17

26 Outside air temperature C (47 F) dry bulb 6.1 C (43 F) wet bulb Temperature Requirements for standby and off mode test. Room air temperature C (23 F) dry bulb Outside air temperature C (95 F) dry bulb 23.9 C (75 F) wet bulb Other rating requirements Standard ratings of cooling capacity, power input and energy efficiency ratios shall be established and verified by tests, as outlined in Section The standard power input rating shall be the total power input to the compressor(s) and fan(s) plus controls and other items included as part of the designated model air conditioning unit Values of standard ratings. Cooling capacity ratings shall be expressed in terms of watts or Btu/h to the nearest multiple of 10 W or 50 Btu/h. Power input shall be expressed to the nearest multiples of 10 W Nameplate data. Data appearing on the nameplate of each room air conditioner shall be in accordance with the requirements detailed in JS 1: Part 4 unless otherwise allowed by this or other standards. In addition the nameplate shall carry information on: a) The voltage that shall be supplied to the unit for normal and optimum operation shall be 220 or 240 V at a frequency of 50 Hz. Units rated for 208 Volts and 60 Hz shall also be accepted for testing and use in Jamaica but for energy efficiency determination and labeling they shall be tested at 220 Volts 50Hz and not the nameplate rating. b) The electrical power input, in watts, measured during the cooling capacity determination as detailed in Section PERFORMANCE TESTS 8.1 Cooling capacity test for air conditioning units with air cooled condenser Preparation of air conditioning unit for testing. a) The air conditioning unit to be tested shall be positioned in the test chamber so that its evaporator is wholly in the indoor room compartment and its condenser wholly in the outdoor compartment. It shall also be positioned level for testing unless the manufacturer s installation instructions states otherwise. b) The space around the in-place air conditioning unit to be tested and the indoor room/outdoor room partition wall shall be sealed with manufacturer s supplied insulated collars and seals to prevent moisture or thermal losses from the indoor to the outdoor or vice versa. Any unsatisfactorily sealed area of this joint shall be caulked with silicon sealant. c) Ensure that sufficient space exist in front of any inlet or discharge grilles of the air conditioner to be tested and the re-conditioning equipment to prevent interference with the air flow from the air conditioner to be tested. Minimum distance from the air conditioner to be tested to the side walls or ceiling of the 18