FIGARO FLEXIBLE AND PRECISE IRRIGATION PLATFORM TO IMPROVE FARM-SCALE WATER PRODUCTIVITY

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1 FIGARO FLEXIBLE AND PRECISE IRRIGATION PLATFORM TO IMPROVE FARM-SCALE WATER PRODUCTIVITY Potential of PI platforms to improve water management in developing countries International FIGARO Conference, 19 September 2016, Brussels, Belgium Patricia Mejias, Technical Officer, Land and Water Division Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO)

2 Potential of PI platforms for developing countries FAO s mandate - UN-System Agency - Three main goals: eradication of hunger, elimination of poverty and the sustainable management and utilization of natural resources for agriculture. Focus: in developing countries

3 Irrigation in the world today Over the last 50 years, the extend of irrigated land has more than doubled, increasing from 139 to 301 million hectares and water withdrawals for irrigation almost doubled. Over the same period the proportion of total cultivated land that is irrigated grew from 10 to 20 per cent. pressure in water resources.

4 Irrigation in the world today million hectares (20% of cultivated land) - 70% of all freshwater withdrawal (is 90% in low income countries, 43 % in high income countries) - 40% of agricultural production - 60% of cereal production

5 Irrigation in the world Text Text Text Text

6 Water scarcity

7 Trends and prospects for water and agriculture Population trends and projections Population World Developing countries Industrial countries Transition countries Millions

8 From FAO perspective study: Agriculture towards Per capita food consumption 3500 Kcal / person / day World Developing countries Industrial countries Transition countries

9 Sources of growth in developing countries (2005/ ) Yield increase 69% Agriculture production needs to grow by 70% Cropping Intensity 10% Arable Land Expansion 21%

10 Changes in irrigated land and accompanying water withdrawals Total renewable water resources (cubic km) Areas equipped for irrigation 2005 / 07 (million ha) Change in areas equipped for irrigation 2050 (%) Irrigation water withdrawal 2005 / 07 (cubic km) Change in water withdrawal 2050 (%) Pressure on water resources due to irrigation in 2005 / 07 (%) Pressure on water resources due to irrigation in 2050 (%) World Industrial countries Transition countries East Asia South Asia Near East /North Africa Sub-Saharan Africa Latin America

11 Climate change In arid and semi-arid areas, climate change is adding additional pressure on already stressed water resources. Increase in temperatures, climate variability and extreme events.

12 Actions Technical and policy support: Investment in efficient irrigation technologies, deficit irrigation, etc. increase the reliability and flexibility of access to water for farmers, water storage, improve access to groundwater, better allocation mechanism that transmit the alerts of water scarcity to farmers, enhance the participation of local communities in water management. integrated water resources in river basins, I improved governance and institutions of water, improved weather forecasting and hydrological monitoring. 12

13 Actions Information and knowledge Development of tools such AquaCrop to improve water management in agriculture. Provide information on water and agriculture - AQUASTAT Agenda: SDG 6 in Water and Sanitation, FAO leading work on Target 6.4; 2 indicators: Water use efficiency Level of water stress Water productivity 13

14 Actions Promote and expand international cooperation and capacity-building support to developing countries Forthcoming Global Framework for Action on Coping with Water Scarcity in Agriculture in a Changing Climate: support the development of policies, strategies, programmes and field capacity for the adaptation of agriculture to water scarcity, using context-specific approaches.

15 Conclusions PI has a great potential in some arid and semiarid areas in developing countries : Capacity development and transfer of technologies related to data and information. Ex: Morocco Green Agricultural Development Plan. PI potential uptake is still far in other developing countries (subsistance agriculture), access to the technologies, capacities of farmers and irrigation managers, farmers not able to afford services. Institutional set-up: result of a knowledge exchange among different sectors research, private sector, national institutions. 15

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