8. Which level of organization includes all others? A. cell B. tissue C. organ D. organism E. population 9. Which level of organization is required
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1 1 Student: 1. The simplest structure shared among all living organisms is the A. gut. B. cell. C. photosynthetic chloroplast. D. community. E. nucleus. 2. Which of the following is likely NOT a common feature shared among all living organisms? A. All living organisms use energy. B. All living organisms maintain organization. C. All living organisms have evolved over the course of many generations. D. All living organisms maintain some level of homeostasis. E. All living organisms are composed of similar structures. 3. All living organisms respond and adjust to their environments. The process through which this occurs is called A. photosynthesis. B. metabolism. C. adaptation. D. growth and development. E. genomics. 4. The process by which organisms maintain a stable internal environment in the face of a fluctuating external environment is called A. metabolism. B. cellular respiration. C. growth and development. D. homeostasis. E. functional proteomics and genomics. 5. Polypeptides (proteins) are composed of amino acids as are composed of DNA. A. genes B. RNA C. proteomes D. lipids E. metabolites 6. We maintain a fairly constant body temperature despite exposures to different seasons or external temperatures. This is achieved through our capacity to A. adapt to changing environments. B. regulate body temperature. C. maintain homeostasis. D. All of these choices are correct. E. None of these choices are correct. 7. All of the chemical reactions used to break down nutrients and build up components within the body are collectively known as A. anabolism. B. catabolism. C. metabolism. D. proteolysis. E. hydrolysis.
2 8. Which level of organization includes all others? A. cell B. tissue 9. Which level of organization is required for all others to form? A. cell B. tissue 10. When cells associate with each other they form A. atoms. B. molecules. C. macromolecules. D. tissues. s. 11. When communities of organisms interact with their physical environment they form a(n) A. population. B. organism. C. community. D. ecosystem. E. macromolecular community. 12. Which of the following is LEAST likely required for the digestion of a meal? A. molecules B. cells C. tissues D. organs s 13. Which is the simplest of all levels of organization? A. atom B. cell 14. Which level of organization reflects an individual composed of multiple organ systems? A. atom B. cell 15. Which of the following are components of molecules? A. atoms B. cells s s s
3 16. Many people at a wedding ceremony represent which level of organization? A. cell B. organ ism D. population E. ecosystem 17. A flower on a plant represents which level of organization? A. atom B. cell 18. The phenomenon through which populations of organisms change over several generations is termed A. homeostasis. B. growth and development. C. reproduction. D. biological evolution. E. organization. 19. Changes in represent the predominant cause for biological evolution. A. homeostasis B. growth and development C. reproduction D. genetic makeup E. energy 20. A variety of finch species within the Hawaiian Islands have acquired different types of beaks needed for utilizing specific food resources. The process by which these different species of finches came about is likely to have involved A. natural selection. B. evolution. C. an accumulation of harmful genetic mutations. D. both natural selection and evolution. E. None of these choices are correct. 21. Which of the following is True of a genetic mutation? A. It always produces harmful effects. B. It never affects protein structure or function. C. It is not a mechanism through which biological evolution occurs. D. It happens quite frequently in a population. E. It generally produces a change in the DNA sequence of a gene. 22. New species evolve from pre-existing species by the accumulation of A. metabolic events. B. genetic mutations. C. proteomes. D. reproductive events. E. developmental events. 23. Evolutionary change A. occurs through the modification of characteristics in a preexisting population. B. may involve vertical descent with mutation. C. may involve horizontal gene transfer. D. All of these choices are correct. E. None of these choices are correct.
4 24. In the process of biological evolution, new species may evolve through exchange of genes from one species to another. This process is called A. proteome transfer. B. horizontal gene transfer. C. vertical evolution. D. vertical descent with mutation. E. genomic sciences. 25. The grouping or classification of species is termed A. eukaryotism. B. prokaryotism. C. genus. D. kingdom. E. taxonomy. 26. When grouping organisms, which classification is most general for a particular type of organism? A. Kingdom B. Phylum C. Order D. Family E. Species 27. When grouping organisms, which classification is most general for a particular type of organism? A. Kingdom B. Phylum C. Order D. Family E. Species 28. Which Kingdom of organisms is most noted for its ability to carry out photosynthesis? A. Animilia B. Protista C. Fungi D. Plantae E. Bacteria 29. Biologists use nomenclature or the binomial to provide each species with a unique scientific name. Our species is called Homo sapiens. The first word refers to which taxonomical grouping? A. Kingdom B. Phylum C. Order D. Genus E. Species 30. When considering nomenclature for scientific names, what is the difference between the two primates, Homo sapiens and Homo erectus? A. One is a primate but the other is not. B. They are animals of a different kingdom. C. They are animals of a different order. D. They are animals of a different species. E. They are animals of a different genus. 31. Which of the following is generally more complex than the others? A. Archaea B. Bacteria C. Prokarya D. Eukarya E. microorganisms
5 32. The complete genetic composition of an organism is called its A. proteome. B. genome. C. transcriptosome. D. phenotype. E. None of these choices are correct. 33. Which is responsible for encoding the proteins found in a cell? A. genome B. proteome C. cytoskeleton D. evolution E. extracellular proteins 34. If a scientist were studying the interaction of different proteins in the regulation of insulin secretion from a pancreatic cell, he or she would be studying A. genomics. B. proteomics. C. cell biology. D. both genomics and proteomics. E. both proteomics and cell biology. 35. An explanation for a biological process that is substantiated by a large body of evidence is called a A. hypothesis. B. theory. C. systems biology. D. reductionism. E. prediction. 36. Collecting data without a specific hypothesis in mind is called A. reductionism. B. hypothesis testing. C. discovery-based science. D. theoretical. E. All of these choices are correct. 37. All tissues are composed of cells. 38. The capacity to maintain a fairly constant body temperature is a homeostatic process. 39. A community is composed of different populations of animals and plants. 40. A defining characteristic that distinguishes prokaryotic and eukaryotic organisms is the lack of cell structure in one versus the other. 41. The modification of a limb that was used for walking in a pre-existing ancestor to one that is used as a wing for a species today is called proteomics. 42. A bacterial infection such as pneumonia is most likely caused by organisms derived from the animal kingdom. 43. All genetic mutations are harmful to an organism.
6 44. Vertical evolution, whereby living organisms evolve from a common ancestor ("tree of life"), is the only mechanism of evolution on Earth. 45. The effects of a genetic mutation are always limited to simply a change in DNA sequence with little consequence on the proteins expressed. 46. The proteome, rather than genome, is most directly responsible for the structure, function, and appearance of organisms. 47. Little scientific evidence is necessary when formulating a theory. 48. The maintenance of cell structure requires energy. 49. Discovery-based science and hypothesis testing are the two major scientific approaches that help us understand biology. 50. This question refers to the 5-stage process of hypothesis testing. What is the appropriate order of the stages when generating and testing a hypothesis? (1) Experimentation is conducted to determine if the predictions are correct. (2) The hypothesis is accepted or rejected. (3) Observations are made regarding a natural phenomenon. (4) The observations lead to a hypothesis that tries to explain the phenomenon. A useful hypothesis is one that is testable because it makes specific predictions. (5) The data from the experiment is analyzed. A. 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 B. 3, 4, 5, 1, 2 C. 1, 3, 4, 2, 5 D. 3, 4, 1, 5, 2 E. 3, 4, 2, 1, 5
7 1 Key 1. The simplest structure shared among all living organisms is the A. gut. B. cell. C. photosynthetic chloroplast. D. community. E. nucleus. Brooker - Chapter 01 #1 2. Which of the following is likely NOT a common feature shared among all living organisms? A. All living organisms use energy. B. All living organisms maintain organization. C. All living organisms have evolved over the course of many generations. D. All living organisms maintain some level of homeostasis. E. All living organisms are composed of similar structures. Brooker - Chapter 01 #2 3. All living organisms respond and adjust to their environments. The process through which this occurs is called A. photosynthesis. B. metabolism. C. adaptation. D. growth and development. E. genomics. Brooker - Chapter 01 #3 4. The process by which organisms maintain a stable internal environment in the face of a fluctuating external environment is called A. metabolism. B. cellular respiration. C. growth and development. D. homeostasis. E. functional proteomics and genomics. Brooker - Chapter 01 #4 5. Polypeptides (proteins) are composed of amino acids as are composed of DNA. A. genes B. RNA C. proteomes D. lipids E. metabolites Brooker - Chapter 01 #5
8 6. We maintain a fairly constant body temperature despite exposures to different seasons or external temperatures. This is achieved through our capacity to A. adapt to changing environments. B. regulate body temperature. C. maintain homeostasis. D. All of these choices are correct. E. None of these choices are correct. Brooker - Chapter 01 #6 7. All of the chemical reactions used to break down nutrients and build up components within the body are collectively known as A. anabolism. B. catabolism. C. metabolism. D. proteolysis. E. hydrolysis. 8. Which level of organization includes all others? A. cell B. tissue 9. Which level of organization is required for all others to form? A. cell B. tissue 10. When cells associate with each other they form A. atoms. B. molecules. C. macromolecules. D. tissues. s. Brooker - Chapter 01 #7 Brooker - Chapter 01 #8 Brooker - Chapter 01 #9 Brooker - Chapter 01 #10
9 11. When communities of organisms interact with their physical environment they form a(n) A. population. B. organism. C. community. D. ecosystem. E. macromolecular community. 12. Which of the following is LEAST likely required for the digestion of a meal? A. molecules B. cells C. tissues D. organs s 13. Which is the simplest of all levels of organization? A. atom B. cell Brooker - Chapter 01 #11 Brooker - Chapter 01 #12 Brooker - Chapter 01 # Which level of organization reflects an individual composed of multiple organ systems? A. atom B. cell 15. Which of the following are components of molecules? A. atoms B. cells s s s 16. Many people at a wedding ceremony represent which level of organization? A. cell B. organ ism D. population E. ecosystem Brooker - Chapter 01 #14 Brooker - Chapter 01 #15 Brooker - Chapter 01 #16
10 17. A flower on a plant represents which level of organization? A. atom B. cell Brooker - Chapter 01 # The phenomenon through which populations of organisms change over several generations is termed A. homeostasis. B. growth and development. C. reproduction. D. biological evolution. E. organization. 19. Changes in represent the predominant cause for biological evolution. A. homeostasis B. growth and development C. reproduction D. genetic makeup E. energy Brooker - Chapter 01 #18 Brooker - Chapter 01 # A variety of finch species within the Hawaiian Islands have acquired different types of beaks needed for utilizing specific food resources. The process by which these different species of finches came about is likely to have involved A. natural selection. B. evolution. C. an accumulation of harmful genetic mutations. D. both natural selection and evolution. E. None of these choices are correct. 21. Which of the following is True of a genetic mutation? A. It always produces harmful effects. B. It never affects protein structure or function. C. It is not a mechanism through which biological evolution occurs. D. It happens quite frequently in a population. E. It generally produces a change in the DNA sequence of a gene. Brooker - Chapter 01 #20 Brooker - Chapter 01 #21
11 22. New species evolve from pre-existing species by the accumulation of A. metabolic events. B. genetic mutations. C. proteomes. D. reproductive events. E. developmental events. 23. Evolutionary change A. occurs through the modification of characteristics in a preexisting population. B. may involve vertical descent with mutation. C. may involve horizontal gene transfer. D. All of these choices are correct. E. None of these choices are correct. Brooker - Chapter 01 #22 Brooker - Chapter 01 # In the process of biological evolution, new species may evolve through exchange of genes from one species to another. This process is called A. proteome transfer. B. horizontal gene transfer. C. vertical evolution. D. vertical descent with mutation. E. genomic sciences. 25. The grouping or classification of species is termed A. eukaryotism. B. prokaryotism. C. genus. D. kingdom. E. taxonomy. Brooker - Chapter 01 #24 Brooker - Chapter 01 # When grouping organisms, which classification is most general for a particular type of organism? A. Kingdom B. Phylum C. Order D. Family E. Species Brooker - Chapter 01 # When grouping organisms, which classification is most general for a particular type of organism? A. Kingdom B. Phylum C. Order D. Family E. Species Brooker - Chapter 01 #27
12 28. Which Kingdom of organisms is most noted for its ability to carry out photosynthesis? A. Animilia B. Protista C. Fungi D. Plantae E. Bacteria Brooker - Chapter 01 #28 Figure: Biologists use nomenclature or the binomial to provide each species with a unique scientific name. Our species is called Homo sapiens. The first word refers to which taxonomical grouping? A. Kingdom B. Phylum C. Order D. Genus E. Species Brooker - Chapter 01 # When considering nomenclature for scientific names, what is the difference between the two primates, Homo sapiens and Homo erectus? A. One is a primate but the other is not. B. They are animals of a different kingdom. C. They are animals of a different order. D. They are animals of a different species. E. They are animals of a different genus. 31. Which of the following is generally more complex than the others? A. Archaea B. Bacteria C. Prokarya D. Eukarya E. microorganisms 32. The complete genetic composition of an organism is called its A. proteome. B. genome. C. transcriptosome. D. phenotype. E. None of these choices are correct. Brooker - Chapter 01 #30 Brooker - Chapter 01 #31 Brooker - Chapter 01 #32
13 33. Which is responsible for encoding the proteins found in a cell? A. genome B. proteome C. cytoskeleton D. evolution E. extracellular proteins Brooker - Chapter 01 # If a scientist were studying the interaction of different proteins in the regulation of insulin secretion from a pancreatic cell, he or she would be studying A. genomics. B. proteomics. C. cell biology. D. both genomics and proteomics. E. both proteomics and cell biology. Brooker - Chapter 01 # An explanation for a biological process that is substantiated by a large body of evidence is called a A. hypothesis. B. theory. C. systems biology. D. reductionism. E. prediction. 36. Collecting data without a specific hypothesis in mind is called A. reductionism. B. hypothesis testing. C. discovery-based science. D. theoretical. E. All of these choices are correct. 37. All tissues are composed of cells. TRUE Brooker - Chapter 01 #35 Section: 1.03 Brooker - Chapter 01 #36 Section: 1.03 Brooker - Chapter 01 # The capacity to maintain a fairly constant body temperature is a homeostatic process. TRUE 39. A community is composed of different populations of animals and plants. TRUE Brooker - Chapter 01 #38 Brooker - Chapter 01 #39
14 40. A defining characteristic that distinguishes prokaryotic and eukaryotic organisms is the lack of cell structure in one versus the other. FALSE Brooker - Chapter 01 # The modification of a limb that was used for walking in a pre-existing ancestor to one that is used as a wing for a species today is called proteomics. FALSE Brooker - Chapter 01 # A bacterial infection such as pneumonia is most likely caused by organisms derived from the animal kingdom. FALSE 43. All genetic mutations are harmful to an organism. FALSE Brooker - Chapter 01 #42 Brooker - Chapter 01 # Vertical evolution, whereby living organisms evolve from a common ancestor ("tree of life"), is the only mechanism of evolution on Earth. FALSE Brooker - Chapter 01 # The effects of a genetic mutation are always limited to simply a change in DNA sequence with little consequence on the proteins expressed. FALSE Brooker - Chapter 01 # The proteome, rather than genome, is most directly responsible for the structure, function, and appearance of organisms. TRUE 47. Little scientific evidence is necessary when formulating a theory. FALSE 48. The maintenance of cell structure requires energy. TRUE Brooker - Chapter 01 #46 Brooker - Chapter 01 #47 Section: 1.03 Brooker - Chapter 01 #48
15 49. Discovery-based science and hypothesis testing are the two major scientific approaches that help us understand biology. TRUE Brooker - Chapter 01 #49 Section: This question refers to the 5-stage process of hypothesis testing. What is the appropriate order of the stages when generating and testing a hypothesis? (1) Experimentation is conducted to determine if the predictions are correct. (2) The hypothesis is accepted or rejected. (3) Observations are made regarding a natural phenomenon. (4) The observations lead to a hypothesis that tries to explain the phenomenon. A useful hypothesis is one that is testable because it makes specific predictions. (5) The data from the experiment is analyzed. A. 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 B. 3, 4, 5, 1, 2 C. 1, 3, 4, 2, 5 D. 3, 4, 1, 5, 2 E. 3, 4, 2, 1, 5 Brooker - Chapter 01 #50 Section: 1.03
16 Category # of Questions Brooker - Chapter Figure: Section: Summary
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