Traffic related taxes in Denmark and other EU countries

Transcription

1 Traffic related taxes in Denmark and other EU countries Green Budget Europe Annual meeting 2011 The Ecological Council -

2 Danish transport taxes Denmark has -Registration tax -Owners tax -Fuel taxes High registration tax reduces the number and size of cars A differentiated registration tax can promote sales of energy efficient cars

3 New cars in 8 selected EU countries n Average CO 2 emissions from new passenger cars g CO 2 / km Denmark Finland France Germany Italy Portugal Sweden UK

4 Konklusioner EEA: CO2-reduction from 2009 to 2010 in EU-countries

5 Forslag: registreringsafgift EEA: Average CO2-emission and weight, new cars in EU member states, 2010

6

7

8 Nordic Registration taxes Sweden: no registration tax Finland: a low rt Iceland a bit higher Denmark and Norway: high registration taxes Norway, Denmark, and Finland have differentiated the tax according to fuel consumption or CO 2 emission. Norway has the strongest differentiation Danish registration tax has a strong carrot (540 Euro per km/l) and a weak stick! (130 Euro per km/l)

9 Heavier cars, Denmark Gennemsnitlig egenvægt for nyregistrerede personbiler pr. halvår halvår halvår halvår halvår halvår halvår halvår halvår halvår halvår halvår halvår 2006 kg. Benzinb., husholdninger Benzinb., erhverv Dieselb., husholdninger Dieselb., erhverv

10 Average age of cars, Nordic The average age of the cars in the Nordic countries is independent of, whether there is a registration tax and the size of this Denmark+Norway: high reg.tax Finland: low reg.tax Sweden: no reg.tax

11 Company cars share of total cars, Nordic * Of the company cars 75% are allowed for private use **Swedish produced cars: 70-90% sold as company cars

12 Fuel price and taxes Danish prices on gasoline and diesel are considerably lower than the German But the retail price is almost the same, app. 60% due to higher VAT (for private households), 40% due to higher profit in DK Could DK increase the tax to the German level without significant transboundary trade?

13 Congestion charge Copenhagen does not have congestion charge like Stockholm, Oslo, London etc. The municipality wants it Very hot issue in the general election campaign Red block wants it Blue block are against Result: Thursday evening?

14 Alernative fuels Electric vehicles are exempted from registration tax until Large reduction because of large reg.tax. Therefore companies (Better Place etc.) invest in Denmark Proposal: exemption until 100,000 are in use 5% of total fleet of personal cars Denmark follows EU regulation of biofuels no tax reduction No tax reduction for biogas but subsidies for production plants

15 Conclusions Taxes are effective instruments Differentiation of diesel tax according to sulphur content has changed the total market over night The same happened to leaded gasoline in the 80 ies Vans and heavy trucks: little incentive to reduce CO 2 -emissions small registration tax not differentiated No owners tax for vans and trucks above 2.5 tons

16 Conclusions Taxes related to active buying (or driving) are the most effective to influence behavior Registration tax influences the number of cars, and if it is differentiated also the fuel economy of the cars Requires taxes of a certain size. the Swedish tax before 1990 had very little effect But the Finnish tax has an effect, because it is differentiated even if it is rather low Annual (green) owners tax has little effect on the choice of model and the time for disposal/scrapping

17 Proposal from The Ecological Council 2,500 million Euros is shifted from income tax to increase of green taxes, a 25% increase of total revenue from green taxes: a simple driving tax (kilometre tax) - could be implemented soon, while roadpricing system not until 2018/2020 Driving tax versus higher fuel taxes transboundary trade higher taxes on company cars and taxies tax on the fuel for aeroplanes and ferries

18 Differentiated registration tax Differentiated registration tax has had a fast impact on promoting more fuel efficient passenger cars even though the differentiation is very moderate. Reg. Tax should be further differentated DK: cars driving less than 16 (gasoline) or 18 (diesel) km/l (both app. 150 g CO2/l) are punished with 130 Euros higher reg.tax pr. km Cars running more, are rewarded with 540 Euros less reg.tax Both could be increased to 800 Euros/km

19 Yellow plates Abandon the yellow plates rebate sceme for vans etc. with just two seats. Or it should be only for companies (with VAT registration)