Equal Parts of ONE Objective To review basic fraction concepts.

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1 Equal Parts of ONE Objective To review basic fraction concepts. epresentations etoolkit Algorithms Practice EM Facts Workshop Game Family Letters Assessment Management Common Core State Standards Curriculum Focal Points Interactive Teacher s Lesson Guide Teaching the Lesson Ongoing Learning & Practice Differentiation Options Key Concepts and Skills Use manipulatives to model _, _, and _. [Number and Numeration Goal ] Divide shapes into equal parts. [Number and Numeration Goal ] Write fractions to name equal parts. [Number and Numeration Goal ] Key Activities Children fold square pieces of paper into two, four, and eight equal parts in various ways; children color one or more parts of the squares and name the fractions for these parts. Ongoing Assessment: Recognizing Student Achievement Use journal page. [Number and Numeration Goal ] Ongoing Assessment: Informing Instruction See page 07. Key Vocabulary congruent ONE (the whole) fraction denominator numerator Materials Math Journal, p. My Reference Book, pp. and 5 slate three " by " paper squares per child straightedge crayons scissors pattern blocks Pattern-Block Template (optional) Bamboo Plant Number Stories Math Journal, p. 5 meterstick (optional) Children solve number stories about the growth of a bamboo plant. Math Boxes Math Journal, p. Children practice and maintain skills through Math Box problems. Home Link Math Masters, p. 7 Children practice and maintain skills through Home Link activities. READINESS Finding the Relationships among Patterns Blocks Math Masters, p. pattern blocks Pattern-Block Template Children determine how many small pattern blocks are needed to cover a large pattern block. ENRICHMENT Dividing Shapes into Equal Parts Math Masters, p. 9 geoboard rubber bands Children divide geoboard shapes into equal parts. EXTRA PRACTICE Naming Equal Parts Situations Found in Literature Ed Emberley s Picture Pie: A Cut and Paste Drawing Book Children name fractions shown by pictures in literature and create their own circle designs. ELL SUPPORT Illustrating Numerator and Denominator posterboard or chart paper Children construct a poster to illustrate the meaning of the terms numerator and denominator. Advance Preparation Before beginning the Math Message, place the " by " squares of paper near the problem. Before distributing Home Link in Part, read about the Fractions Museum on page 0 of the Unit Organizer. For the optional Extra Practice activity in Part, obtain the book Ed Emberley s Picture Pie: A Cut and Paste Drawing Book by Ed Emberley (Little, Brown, 00). For an additional mathematics and literacy connection, obtain a copy of Give Me Half! by Stuart Murphy (Steck-Vaughn, 999). Teacher s Reference Manual, Grades pp. 59, 0 0 Unit Fractions

2 Getting Started Mental Math and Reflexes Have children record addition fact sums on their slates. For example: Sum-equals-0 Doubles + and Doubles + Harder Facts Math Message Take sheets. Fold each one into fourths equal squares. Carefully cut the squares apart along the folds. Teaching the Lesson Math Message Follow-Up WHOLE-CLASS Interactive whiteboard-ready epresentations are available at to help you teach the lesson. Check that each child has squares about the same size. Folding Squares into Equal Parts PARTNER PROBLEM SOLVING Ask each child to fold one of his or her squares into two equal parts (two halves). Ask: Is there more than one way to do this? Have children work with a partner to fold other squares into four equal parts (four fourths) in as many different ways as possible. Finally, ask children to fold some of the remaining squares into eight equal parts (eight eighths) in as many ways as possible. Invite children to share their work with the rest of the class. If children do not suggest all the solutions shown above, ask them to look for other solutions or show the class the missing solutions. To help children learn to associate objects, pictures, and concrete models with fractions, write all fractions on the board. At the conclusion of the folding activity, have children sort their squares into piles according to the number of equal parts squares showing two equal parts, four equal parts, and eight equal parts. If the squares are organized in this way, it will be easier for children to complete the following activity. NOTE Point out that when the paper is folded into equal parts, these equal parts are congruent because they have the same size and shape. Lesson 05

3 is equivalent to. Try It Together 0 9 Numbers and Counting Equivalent fractions name the same amount is shaded. 9 is shaded. is equivalent to because the same amount is shaded. 0 9 Find a whole object divided into equal parts. What fraction names one part of the whole? My Reference Book, p. 5 Reviewing Basic Fraction Concepts (My Reference Book, pp. and 5) WHOLE-CLASS Ask children to take the square they folded into halves two equal parts and to color one of the parts. Review the following ideas: If you think of the square as representing ONE (the whole), then each part is half of ONE. The fraction _ names one of the parts. Have children count the parts. One half, two halves Tell them that two halves is the same as ONE (the whole). Emphasize that the parts must be equal and that there is one shaded part out of two equal parts. Continue with activities such as the following: Have children take one of the squares they folded into four equal parts fourths. Have them color one part. Tell children that the fraction _ names one of the parts. Have them count the parts. One fourth, two fourths, three fourths, four fourths Tell children that four fourths is the same as ONE (the whole). Tell them what fraction names the part that is not colored. _ Have children take another square they folded into four equal parts fourths. Have them color two of the parts and tell what fraction names the colored part. _ or _ Have children take another square they folded into four equal parts fourths. Have them color four of the parts and tell what fraction names the colored part. _ Have them tell what fraction Links to the Future At this time, it is not necessary for children to use the words numerator and denominator. They will learn them over time with repeated exposure. Do, however, use these words, as well as the informal the number on the top and the number on the bottom, when you discuss fractions. names the part that is not colored. 0_ Have children take one of the squares they folded into eight equal parts eighths. Have them color one part. Tell children that the fraction _ names one of the parts. Have them count the parts. One eighth, two eighths, and so on Tell children that eight eighths is the same as ONE (the whole). Tell them what fraction names the part that is not colored. 7_ Repeat with other fractions, such as _ and 5_, using squares folded into eight equal parts eighths. As you write fractions on the board, mention the following: The number under the fraction bar is called the denominator. What does the denominator of _ tell you? The whole is divided into equal parts. Emphasize again that the parts must be equal. The number above the fraction bar is called the numerator. What does the numerator of _ tell you? We are thinking about equal parts of the whole. Summary: The denominator of a fraction tells the total number of equal parts into which the whole is divided. The numerator of a fraction indicates the number of equal parts that you are thinking about. 0 Unit Fractions

4 You may wish to read more about fractions as parts of a whole with your class in My Reference Book, pages and 5. Writing Fractions for Parts of Regions (Math Journal, p. ) Adjusting the Activity Children divide shapes into equal parts and color one or two of the parts on each shape. Then children write fractions to name the colored and uncolored parts. The shape in each of the first three problems is a pattern-block shape. Children might find it helpful to use pattern blocks. A U D I T O R Y K I N E S T H E T I C T A C T I L E V I S U A L ELL Date Equal Parts Use a straightedge or Pattern-Block Template. Sample answers: Time. Divide the shape into equal parts. Color part.. Divide the shape into equal parts. Color part.. Divide the shape into equal parts. Color parts.. Divide the shape into equal parts. Color parts. 5 Ongoing Assessment: Recognizing Student Achievement Journal page Problem Use journal page, Problem to assess children s ability to model fractions as equal parts of a region and name the fraction. Children are making adequate progress if they can successfully complete the problem. Some children may be able to successfully complete the remaining problems. [Number and Numeration Goal ] Math Journal, p. Ongoing Assessment: Informing Instruction Watch for children who have difficulty dividing the shapes into equal parts. Have them use pattern blocks. For example, when finding _ of a hexagon, children look for another pattern block that fits half of the hexagon (a trapezoid). They can then trace the shape or use their Pattern-Block Template. Ongoing Learning & Practice Bamboo Plant Number Stories (Math Journal, p. 5) ELL Children solve number stories about the growth of a bamboo plant. Read the first paragraph on journal page 5 as a class and discuss the information given in the chart. To help children understand how quickly bamboo grows, you might use a meterstick to demonstrate the difference between Sunday s and Monday s heights. To support English language learners, show a picture of a bamboo plant and talk about its characteristics. Have children complete Problems independently. Date Time Bamboo Plant Number Stories Bamboo is one of the world s fastest-growing plants. Some types of bamboo grow more than inches per day and reach heights close to 00 feet! For one week, a growing bamboo plant was measured. The chart below shows its height for each day. Use the information above to solve the following number stories.. How many inches did the. How many inches did the bamboo plant grow from bamboo plant grow from Tuesday to Friday? Thursday to Friday? Answer: 0 inches Answer: 7 inches. How many more inches tall. How many more inches tall was the bamboo plant on was the bamboo plant on Saturday than on Tuesday? Saturday than Sunday? Answer: 59 inches Answer: 7 inches Bamboo Plant Growth for One Week Sun. Mon. Tues. Wed. Thurs. Fri. Sat. in. in. 0 in. 57 in. in. 0 in. 99 in. 0-0 = = 59 Math Journal, p = = 99 Lesson 07

5 Date Math Boxes. Write fractions. The part shaded or. The part not shaded or.. Complete the table. in out Rule 0 5 Answers vary Circle the thing you are certain will happen. You will roll a 7 on a die. The temperature will be exactly 0 F today. An hour will pass. Math Journal, p. Time. Use a Pattern-Block Template. Draw a shape that has at least one line of symmetry.. Show ways to make 50. Use, Í, Â, and Î. Sample answers: ; ÍÍÍÍÍ. grapes Which item is heavier? watermelon 0 9 watermelon Math Boxes (Math Journal, p. ) Mixed Practice Math Boxes in this lesson are paired with Math Boxes in Lesson -. The skill in Problem previews Unit 9 content. Writing/Reasoning Have children draw, write, or verbalize their answers to the following: How did you figure out the in number in Problem when you only knew the out number? Explain your strategy. The number that comes out is _ of the number that was put in. So 5 is half of 0. So 0 goes in. Home Link (Math Masters, p. 7) Home Connection Children practice writing fractions for parts of regions in Problems and. In Problem, children show someone at home how they can fold things, such as napkins, paper plates, or magazine pictures, into equal parts. Then children label each part of the whole with a fraction. Children will bring the folded objects to school to include them in a Fractions Museum. Differentiation Options Name Date Time HOME LINK Equal Parts Family Help your child collect things that can be easily folded into equal parts. As your child works Note with fractions, remind him or her that the number under the fraction bar, the denominator, gives the total number of equal parts into which the whole is divided. The number over the fraction bar, the numerator, tells the number of equal parts that are being considered. Don t expect your child to use these words. They will be learned over time with repeated exposure. Please return this Home Link to school tomorrow. Use a straightedge.. Divide the shape into equal parts. Color part. Part colored = Part not colored =. Divide the shape into equal parts. Color parts. Part colored = Part not colored =. Fold some things into equal parts. Examples: paper napkin, paper plate, magazine picture Label each part with a fraction. Show your folded things to someone at home. Talk about what the fractions mean. Bring the things you folded to school for the Fractions Museum. I folded a into equal parts. Each part shows. READINESS Finding the Relationships among Pattern Blocks (Math Masters, p. ) 5 5 Min To provide experience with finding fractional parts, have children determine how many of one kind of a smaller pattern block are needed to cover a larger pattern block. For example, ask: How many green (triangle) blocks are needed to cover a yellow (hexagon) block? Children use the Pattern-Block Template to draw the arrangement of the smaller blocks on the larger block. This activity is designed to build readiness for work with fractions. You might want to ask questions such as: What fraction of a yellow (hexagon) block is a green (triangle) block? _ Math Master, p. 7 0 Unit Fractions

6 ENRICHMENT Dividing Shapes into Equal Parts (Math Masters, p. 9) 5 5 Min PROBLEM SOLVING Name Date Time Pattern-Block Equal Parts Cover the larger block with smaller blocks. Use your template to show what you did.. Teaching Master = To further explore fractions, have children divide shapes on a geoboard into equal parts. Allow time for children to share several solutions to each problem.. = EXTRA PRACTICE Naming Equal Parts Situations Found in Literature SMALL-GROUP 5 0 Min.. = = Literature Link Read the following book to groups of children, or have children read the book themselves. Ed Emberley s Picture Pie: A Cut and Paste Drawing Book by Ed Emberley (Little, Brown, 00) Summary: Circles cut into halves, fourths, or eighths are the basis for the artwork in the book. The circles are of various colors and form elaborate designs. Have children create their own circle designs and discuss the number of circles and fractional parts of circles used. ELL SUPPORT Illustrating Numerator and Denominator To provide language support for understanding fractions, construct a poster like the one below illustrating the meaning of the terms numerator and denominator. denominator The bottom number tells what is being counted. For example, eighths are being counted. Ò numerator The top number counts the parts or shares. For example, there are eighths. 5. = Math Masters, p. Planning Ahead If children have not already done so, have them copy their Beat the Calculator data from Math Journal, page to Math Journal, page. See Planning Ahead on Teacher s Lesson Guide, page 7. Name Date Time Equal Parts Do the following for each problem: Teaching Master Use rubber band to make the shape on a geoboard. Use rubber bands to divide the shape into equal parts. Record how you divided the shape. Repeat for the same shape. Divide it a different way into equal parts. Record how you divided the shape the second way... A fraction poster Math Masters, p. 9 Lesson 09