Genre: A type of literature. science fiction historical fiction horror/suspense biography mystery fantasy realistic fiction autobiography Setting

Transcription

1 Literary Elements A comprehensive review of the literary elements.

2 Genre: A type of literature. science fiction historical fiction horror/suspense biography mystery fantasy realistic fiction autobiography Setting

3 Setting Where and when the story takes place. Writers describe the world through Sights Colors Time Sounds Textures Place What does setting tell us? It reflects character Provides a link to the values, ideals, and attitudes of that place

4 Characterization: Characters are the people or creatures that the story is about. Character traits are qualities in a character that cannot be seen such as jealousy, generosity, or courage.

5 Types of Characters: 1. Round A character that is round is well developed. The author has given the character good and bad parts of their personality. There is more to the character than it first appears.

6 Types of Characters (continued) 2. Flat A flat character has only one level. The character has limited development, and usually obvious character traits.

7 Types of Characters (continued) 3. Dynamic A dynamic character changes throughout the story. The changes that take place may be either physical or emotional. Many times the events of the story change the character.

8 Types of Characters (continued) 4. Static A static character does not change during the story. This character will be the same at the beginning of the story as he is in the end.

9 Types of Characters (continued) 5. Protagonist The protagonist is the main character of the story to whom the problems are occurring.

10 Types of Characters (continued) 6. Antagonist The antagonist is the person or thing causing the problem. There can be a lot of kinds of antagonists, some of which are not people. The kinds of antagonists include the following: Person vs. Person Person vs. Nature Person vs. Society Self vs. Self

11 Conflict External Conflict: conflict that occurs outside the character Examples can be other characters, nature, or society. Internal Conflict: Conflict that occurs within a character (self self)

12 Plot 1. Introduction (Basic Situation): Beginning that sets up the story. It introduces the characters and the setting. 2. Problem: Conflict The challenge the protagonist has to overcome. 3. Rising action events that develop the problem and lead to climax.

13 Plot (continued) 4. Climax: The height of the action, also called the turning point. 5. Falling action events that resolve the problem and lead to resolution. 6. Resolution how the conflict was solved.

14 Theme Theme The idea about life revealed in a work of literature. Also called the lesson or moral of the story.

15 Theme (continued) Good Examples of Theme: 1. Love conquers all. 2. Time heals all wounds. 3. Don t give up when times are rough. Poor Examples of Theme: 1. This is a story about a boy who gets trapped in a cave. (Don t give a summary) 2. The theme is love. (Not specific enough) 3. I liked this story because it had a happy ending. (Don t give an opinion)

16 Point of of View: Point of of View is the view from whose eyes the story is being told (where you place the camera). There are three major types of point of of view.

17 Point of of View (continued) 1. First person the story is told from the viewpoint of one character who narrates the story. Pronouns I, me me, and my my are mostly used. Key element: Narrator is a character in the story. Narrator not reliable.

18 Point of of View (continued) 2. Third Person Limited Limited Third person limited uses an outside narrator who is not involved in the story. Pronouns mostly used are he he, she she, and they they. Key element: Narrator does not know what is in other character s minds. Narrator can only tell what is observable about other characters.

19 Point of of View (continued) 3. Third Person Unlimited (Omniscient Omniscient) Third person unlimited narrator is not a character in the story. Pronouns mostly used are also he he, she she, and they they. Key element: This narrator has access into ALL character s minds and can tell what they are ALL thinking, feeling, and doing.

20 Figurative Language Figurative language is the use of language in creative and interesting ways. There are many types of figurative language.

21 Figurative Language (continued) Simile A comparison using like or as. The sun is like a yellow balloon. Joe is as angry as a wounded tiger. From an Irish rovers song: Her eyes they shine like a diamond!

22 Figurative Language (continued) Metaphor A comparison of two unlike things. All the world is a stage. He was in the autumn of his years.

23 Figurative Language (continued) Idiom: Using language in a way so that the meaning can t be determined from the individual words. It is unique and creative. Example: smart cookie Example: break a leg

24 Literature Misc. Foreshadowing to show beforehand, foretell with hints or clues Flashback Conversation, scene or event that happened before the current point in the story

25 Literature Misc. Imagery Words or phrases that create sensory experiences and mental images in literature. (5 senses) Symbol A person, place, thing or an event that has its own meaning and stands for something beyond itself. Mood An atmosphere or feeling the writer creates with his or her use of words.

26 Irony: Verbal Irony where what is said is the opposite of what was meant (sarcasm sarcasm) Situational Irony where what happens is the opposite of what you think. Dramatic Irony where the reader knows something the characters don t