Warm up. Label and date the entry (October 15th, 2015) in your notebook. Answer the following questions.

Transcription

1 Warm up Label and date the entry (October 15th, 2015) in your notebook. Answer the following questions. 1. What two qualities of air characterize an air mass? Moisture and Temperature 2. If an air mass forms over land near the equator it would be called what? 3.If an air mass forms over water near the poles it would be called what? 4. Define what a front is: Continental Tropical MaritimePolar The boundary between 2 air masses. Weather at the front is usually stormy. 5. Cold air masses meets and displaces a warm air mass by pushing it up happens at what front? Cold Front 6.Warm air mass catches up to a slower moving cold air mass and slowly moves over it. Warm Front

2 Observing Air Masses Today s Objectives:! Students will set up an investigation that demonstrates what happens to two air masses when they meet.! Students will analyze the movement of two air masses with different temperature and humidity conditions.

3 A cold air mass meets and displaces a warm air mass. Because the moving cold air is more dense, it moves under the less-dense warm air, pushing it up.! Cold fronts can move fast, producing thunderstorms, heavy rain, or snow. Cooler weather usually follows a cold air front because the warm air is pushed away from the Earth s surface.

4 A warm air mass meets and over-rides a cold air mass. The warm, less-dense air moves over the cold, denser air. The warm air gradually replaces the cold air.! Warm fronts generally bring drizzly precipitation. After the front passes, weather conditions are clear and warm!

5 ! A cold air mass meets a warm air mass and little horizontal occurs.! The weather is associated with a stationary front is similar to that produced by a warm front.!

6 ! A faster-moving cold air mass overtakes a slower-moving warm air mass and forces the warm air up. The cold air mass then continues advancing until it meets a cold air mass that is warmer.the cold air mass then forces this air mass to rise.! An occluded front has cool temperatures and large amounts of precipitation

7 Analysis Answers 1. A mt air mass would most likely contain what type of temperature and moisture characteristics? A mt (maritime Tropical) air mass would contain warm wet air.! 2. What two characteristics are used to describe an air mass? Temperature and Moisture are the two characteristics to describe an air mass.! 3. Which symbol would be used to identify an air mass originating in central Canada? An air mass originating over central Canada would be cp (Continental Polar)

8 Analysis Answers 4. How does density play a part in determining how unlike air masses react? When two unlike air masses(hot and cold) meet the cold air is denser which moves down, the warm air is less-dense and moves upward.! 5.With respect to a cold front, where does precipitation occur? Precipitation occurs at the beginning and along the Cold Front! 6. With respect to a warm front, where does precipitation occur? If any Precipitation occurs, it is at the beginning of the Warm Front

9 Conclusion Compare the following conditions on either side of the cold front. Temperature! Before the front the temperature is warm, after the front the temperature is cold.! Pressure:! Before the front the Pressure is low, after the front the pressure is High.! Rainfall:! Before the front there is precipitation, After the front there is little to no precipitation

10 Introduction What causes wind to blow? Mostly, it has to do with the uneven heating of the Earth. Breezes occur because land and water heat and cool at different rates. This means this creates an unequal balance of air pressure above land and water.!!! When the sun s energy heats the earth, the temperature of the air above the Earth s Surface changes. Air, warmed by the surface below it, starts to rise, and cool air moves in to take its place. This circulation of air causes changes in weather, including the formation of winds.!!! In this lesson, you will connect two Convection Tubes used previously in other labs. We observe what happens when masses of air with the same temperature and humidity meet? What happens when air masses of different temperature and humidity meet?!! Problem: In the space below write down what we are investigating in today s lab.!! We are investigating what happens when masses of same and different temperature and moisture meet.

11 Materials Convection Tubes! 120 ml plastic container of hot water! 120 ml plastic container of crushed ice! piece of plastic tubing! candles! lighter! 1 punk stick! 1 flashlight! 1 small aluminum pan

12 Procedures Over the course of the class period, I will travel to four different tables to create different air masses and fronts.! I will travel with: My lab partners, my lab packet, a pencil, a flashlight and punk stick.! I will have four minutes at each table, Mr. Brennan will announce when to rotate.! The rotation of the tables will follow numerical order. Example Table 1 will rotate to Table 2. Table 4 will rotate to table 1.! At each table, I will place the punk stick in the top of the colder convection tube and use the flashlight to make observations.! I will record my observations for each air mass and front in the data table.

13 Atmosphere Conditions Predictions Prediction (How will the air move in the tubes?) Cold Air! (Ice) and Cold Air (Ice) Cold air (Ice) and Warm Water Hot air (Candle) and Cold air (Ice) Hot air (candle) and Warm Water

14 Station Rotation

15 Lab Set Up Table s 1 & 5 2 & 6 3 & 7 4 & 8 Atmospheric Condition Cold Air (Ice) vs. Cold Air (Ice) Cold Air (Ice) vs. Warm wet Air (Hot Water) Cold Air (Ice) vs. Hot Dry Air (Candle) Hot Dry Air (Candle) vs. Warm wet Air (Hot Water)

16 Example

17 Analysis What did you observe when both tubes contained air with the same temperature and humidity conditions? Why do you think this happened? (3 points)! What did you observe when the tubes contained air with different temperature and humidity? Why do you think this happened? (3 points) Explain why the smoke was added to the colder convection tube? (2 points) On the basis of your results from the lesson, under what conditions do you think winds and rotating storms might form? (2 points)! Describe what you observed when the atmospheric conditions were cold meets hot. Use the following terms; high pressure, low pressure, high density, low density, rise, and sink. (6 points)

18 Essay After examining the following diagrams explain why there is uneven heating of the earth surfaces. Then describe how the uneven heating of the earth surfaces is responsible for sea breezes and land breezes. Think back to how soil and water heat and cool differently.