Differentiated Reading Passages& Comprehension Questions

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1 Differentiated Reading Passages& Comprehension Questions Bowtie Guy 2013

2 Minerals and Their Properties Lexile: 830 A mineral is a nonliving solid found in nature. You can find minerals in every aspect of your daily life. Minerals are found on Earth and even in outer space! A property of a mineral is a way that it can be described, so that you can identify what the mineral is based on its property. Minerals can be described according to their luster, color, streak, hardness, and cleavage. The luster of a mineral describes how shiny that the mineral is. Luster is also how a mineral reflects light. Some minerals can be dull. This means that the mineral is not shiny and does not reflect light. When looking at pyrite, or fool s gold, it appears shiny and reflects light. Pyrite has luster. When you look at talc, though it is white, it does not shine, and it does not reflect light. Talc does not have luster. The color of a mineral may help you to identify a mineral. It is often tricky because when you scratch the mineral against something hard, sometimes the powder that the mineral leaves is a different color. The color of the powder that is left after you scratch the mineral against something hard is called the mineral s streak. Sometimes the streak and the color of the mineral is the same. Telling the difference between gold and pyrite can be difficult. Gold has a yellow color to it. Gold leaves a yellow streak to it. Pyrite looks like gold, but when you give it the streak test, the powder left behind is black. Moh s Hardness Scale can determine the hardness of a mineral. The scale is ranked from one, being the softest, to ten, being the hardest. Talc is the softest mineral. You can scratch it with your fingernail, and it breaks very easily. A diamond is the hardest. The only thing that can scratch a diamond is another diamond. On Moh s Hardness Scale, objects that are not minerals are listed, to give you an idea of how hard a mineral is. A fingernail is listed at two and a half, harder than talc and gypsum at two, but softer than calcite. Calcite can scratch your fingernail. A copper penny can scratch calcite because a copper penny is a 3.2 on the scale and calcite is only a three. Glass is a 5.5. A steel file is a 6.5. You compare the hardness of a mineral on Moh s Hardness Scale. Cleavage is the ability of a mineral to split into flat surfaces, often referred to as sheets. Mica, the mineral, has cleavage in all of the same direction. They split into thin sheets. Sometimes cleavage does not occur naturally. Sometimes a mineral has to be ground with a machine to give it sides. A diamond has to be shaped to make it look like it has sides. When you have to ground a mineral down to give it sides, the sides are called facets.

3 Name: Lexile: 830 Minerals and Their Properties Comprehension Questions 1.) What is a mineral? 2.) How can you tell the difference between gold and pyrite? 3.) What do you think a property is? 4.) What are the properties of minerals? 5.) Describe each property of minerals. Luster? Texture? Color? Streak? Hardness?

4 Minerals and Their Properties Lexile: 770 A mineral is a solid that is not living and is found in nature. You can find minerals in every part of your daily life. Minerals are found on Earth and even in outer space! A property of a mineral is a way that it can be described, so that you can tell what the mineral is. Minerals can be described by looking at their luster, color, streak, hardness, and cleavage. The luster of a mineral tells how shiny that the mineral is. Luster is also how a mineral reflects light. Some minerals can be dull. This means that the mineral is not shiny and does not reflect light. When looking at pyrite, or fool s gold, it appears shiny and reflect light. Pyrite has luster. When you look at talc, though it is white, it does not shine, and it does not reflect light. Talc does not have luster. The color of a mineral may help you to know a mineral. When you scratch the mineral against something hard, sometimes the powder that the mineral leaves is a different color. The color of the powder that is left after you scratch the mineral against something hard is called the mineral s streak. Sometimes the streak and the color of the mineral is the same. Gold and pyrite are different. Gold has a yellow color to it. Gold leaves a yellow streak to it. Pyrite looks like gold, but when you give it the streak test, the power left behind is black. Moh s Hardness Scale can show you the hardness of a mineral. The scale starts at one, being the softest, to ten, being the hardest. Talc is the softest mineral. You can scratch it with your fingernail, and it breaks very easily. A diamond is the hardest. The only thing that can scratch a diamond is another diamond. Cleavage is how a mineral can split into flat surfaces or sheets. Mica, the mineral, has cleavage in all of the same direction. They split into thin sheets. Sometimes cleavage does not happen. Sometimes a mineral has to be worn down with a machine to give it sides. A diamond has to be worn down to make it look like it has sides.

5 Name: Lexile: 770 Minerals and Their Properties Comprehension Questions 1.) What is a mineral? 2.) How can you tell the difference between gold and pyrite? 3.) What do you think a property is? 4.) Name the properties of minerals. (Hint: look below!) 5.) Describe each property of minerals. (Hint: look below!) Luster? Texture? Color? Streak? Hardness?

6 Minerals and Their Properties Lexile: 610 A mineral is found in nature and is not alive. You can find minerals in every part of your daily life. Minerals are found on Earth. They are in space. A property describes a mineral. The luster of a mineral tells how shiny that the mineral is. Luster is also how a mineral reflects light. Some minerals can be dull. This means that the mineral is not shiny and does not give off light. When looking at pyrite, or fool s gold, it appears shiny and reflects light. The color of a mineral may help you to know a mineral. Scratch a mineral. The mineral leaves another color. The color of the powder that is left after you scratch the mineral against something hard is called the mineral s streak. The streak and the color of the mineral can be the same. Moh s Hardness Scale is a scale. It can show you how hard a mineral is. The scale starts at one, the softest and goes to ten, the hardest. Talc is a soft mineral. You can scratch it with your fingernail, and it breaks very easily. A diamond is the hardest. Cleavage is how a mineral can split into flat surfaces or sheets. Mica, the mineral, has cleavage in all of the same direction. They split into thin sheets.

7 Name: Lexile: 610 Minerals and Their Properties Comprehension Questions 1.) What is a mineral? (sentence 1) 2.) THINK-What is the opposite of shiny? 3.) What do you think a property is? (sentence 4) 4.) Name the properties of minerals. (Hint: look below!) 5.) Describe each property of minerals. (Hint: look below!) Luster? Texture? Color? Streak? Hardness?

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