Minnesota Agricultural Production and Rural Infrastructure

Transcription

1 Minnesota Trends in Agricultural Production and Infrastructure Highlights - In many states the percentage of the state population designated by the U.S. Census Bureau as living in rural areas has declined, but in contrast in Minnesota, the absolute number of residents in rural areas has increased in recent decades. - Minnesota s production of crops has nearly quadrupled since 194, increasing from 47 million bushels in 194 to 1,551 million bushels in While the value of agricultural production in Minnesota increased by 1,22% from 195 to 27, the number of farms decreased by 56%. Did you know? - In Minnesota in 27, there were an average of 232 soybean acres per soybean farm, while for the U.S. the average soybean area per soybean farm was 229 acres. Production Consumed on Farm Rural Population Trends - Home consumption of a farm's production has changed dramatically. In 195, the value of farm production consumed at home in Minnesota was 4.66%. - In contrast, in 21 just.11% of the value of production in Minnesota was consumed at home. This shift amounts to an even greater reliance by agricultural producers on rural infrastructure to transport farm products. - In 193 there were 1,36,337 people living in Minnesota, with 51.% of that population in rural areas. - Broilers are a major consumer of soybean meal. In 27, there were million broilers sold in Minnesota and 8,915 million broilers sold in the U.S. - Average farm size in the U.S. increased from 213 acres in 195 to 418 acres in 21, while average farm size in Minnesota increased from 181 acres to 332 acres over the same period. Agricultural Production - By comparison, in 21 there were 5,33,925 people living in Minnesota, with 26.7% of that population in rural areas. - In Minnesota in 1945, there were 16,21 grain combines, while in 27 there were 29,232 selfpropelled grain and bean combines in the state. Consolidation Trends: Number of Farms Farmland Trends: Land in Farms (Acres) Average Farm Size (Acres) Population Trends: Population Density (Pop. per Square Mile) Production Trends: Volume of Production (Million Bushels) Then of U.S. Now of U.S. Change , 3.3% 21 81, 3.7% -56.% ,3, 2.8% 21 26,9, 2.9% -19.2% % % 84% % % 16.9% % 211 1, % 281% Miles of Road by Owner for Minnesota Other 4,73 Federal Agency State Highway Agency 11,893 Minnesota Agriculture and Rural Infrastructure County 44,876 Highlights Roads Railroad Waterways Bridges With 138,239 miles of road as of 28, Minnesota accounts for 3.4% of U.S. road miles. Minnesota had 9,114 miles of railroad in 192 (around the time of the peak rail mileage), but this mileage had fallen to 8,1 miles in 1965 and decreased even further to 4,528 freight railroad miles in. Minnesota has approximately 26 miles of inland waterways. Minnesota has 13,117 bridges, and approximately 11.1 percent of those are considered structurally deficient or functionally obsolete. 1 Towns and Cities 77,397

2 Consolidation Trends: Fewer Farms and Larger Average Farm Size Number of Farms Number of Farms No. of Farms Avg. Farm Size Corn for Grain 114,592 4 acres 3, acres -73% 527% Soybeans 55, acres 27,4 232 acres -51% 577% Wheat 21,48 33 acres 6, acres -69% 679% Cattle and Calves Inventory Then (1954) Now (27) Change Average acreage or number of head per farm for farms with production Average acreage or number of head per farm for farms with production 139, head 24, head -82% 268% Hogs Sold 89,31 5 head 4,748 4,85 head -95% 9,556% Broilers Sold 24 1,429 head 94 51,9 head 292% 389% All Farms 165, acres 8, acres -51% 7% Farm Equipment Used: Number of Tractors of Various Sizes, 27 Less than 4 HP 6,41 Farm Equipment 4 to 99 HP 9,711 1 HP or greater 78,92 5, 1, 15, 2, 25, Number of Tractors Farm Input Trends: Minnesota Farm Inputs by Type, Production Expenses by Category (Million Dollars) 16, 14, 12, 1, 8, 6, 4, 2, Miscellaneous and other production Capital consumption, excluding operator dwellings Interest, excluding operator dwellings Total labor Marketing, storage, and transportation Repair and maintenance, excluding operator dwellings Fuel and oil Pesticide Fertilizer and lime Purchased seed Purchased livestock and poultry Purchased feed 2

3 Rural Infrastructure Trends Then Now Change Off Farm Storage (million bushels) On Farm Storage (million bushels) Estimated Average Tractor Weight (lbs.) of U.S. of U.S % % 19% ,46 1.6% 211 1, % -1% 195 5, % 211 1, % 94% Railroad Miles 192 9, % Road Miles freight 4, % -5% ,36 2.% , % 1,123% 2,5, Estimated Number of Semi Trailer Loads Required to Haul Minnesota's Grain and Oilseed Production (Includes Corn, Soybeans, Wheat, Sorghum, Barley, and Oats) Number of Semis Trailer Loads 2,, 1,5, 1,, 5, 212 1,957, ,972, Note: Assumes 26 tons of grain per semi trailer load. Estimated number of semi trailer loads if all production is initially hauled by semi trailer. Based on Informa crop production forecasts. 3

4 Minnesota: Agricultural Production and Infrastructure Infrastructure Minnesota crop production consists primarily of corn, soybeans, and wheat. Crops are moved from production regions by truck, rail or barge to elevators and processing facilities. Minnesota has 953 miles of interstate; 4,528 miles of rail lines; 26 miles of waterways; 13,117 bridges and 138,239 miles of roadways. Minnesota has six soybean crush facilities; 4 shuttle facilities; 21 ethanol plants; 48 grain elevators; and nine river elevators. 4

5 Minnesota: Production from 195 to 21 Production Crop production in much of the state has been increasing, while production in the north central and northeastern portion of the state has been decreasing. Production of grains and soybeans has increased by nearly 1.2 billion bushels from 195 to 21. Historically, Minnesota has produced predominantly corn and oats along with a mix of other grains and soybeans. Corn production in Minnesota has increased to over one billion bushels, while soybeans have edged past oat production. The state also produces barley and wheat. Funded by the soybean checkoff 5