Transcription

1 Name: answers Score: 0 / 21 (0%) [10 subjective questions not graded] Genetic Engineering Multiple Choice Identify the letter of the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question. 1. What does Figure 13-1 show? Figure 13 1 a. gel electrophoresis b. DNA sequencing c. a restriction enzyme cutting sequences of DNA d. polymerase chain reaction C 2. Genetic engineering involves a. cutting out a DNA sequence. b. changing a DNA sequence. c. reinserting DNA into living organisms. d. all of the above D 3. A recombinant plasmid gets inside a bacterial cell by a. hybridization. c. transformation. 1 of 8 2/24/15 6:24 PM

2 b. radiation. d. recombination. C 4. The process of making changes in the DNA code of living organisms is called a. selective breeding. c. inbreeding. b. genetic engineering. d. hybridization. B 5. A DNA molecule produced by combining DNA from different sources is known as a. a mutant. c. strange DNA b. a change d. recombinant DNA. D 6. During transformation, a. a prokaryote is changed into a eukaryote. b. a cell incorporates foerign DNA from outside the cell. c. foreign DNA is destroyed d. a person changes into a wolf B 7. Which of the following steps is NOT essential in producing recombinant DNA? a. Cut out a piece of DNA from a DNA molecule. b. Insert a piece of DNA from one organism into the DNA another organism. c. Use a restriction enzyme to cut DNA and form sticky ends. d. Read the sequences of bases in a piece of DNA. D 8. To produce transgenic bacteria that make insulin, which of the following steps did scientists have to take first? a. Insert the human insulin gene into a plasmid. b. Extract the insulin from the bacterial culture. c. Use a restriction enzyme to cut out the insulin gene from human DNA. d. Transform bacteria with the recombinant plasmid. C 2 of 8 2/24/15 6:24 PM

3 9. DNA from a human has been inserted into a bacterial plasmid and reinserted back into the bacterium. The bacterium now contains both human DNA and bacterial DNA. The bacterium is now considered a a. mutation c. PCR b. clone d. transgenic organism D 10. A technique which can be used to seperate DNA fragments of differnt sizes is called a. PCR c. Gel electrophoresis b. Restriction enzyme d. transformation C 11. The structure labeled C in Figure 19-1 is Figure 19-1 a. DNA. c. the nucleus. b. an organelle. d. a high-energy sugar. A 12. The microorganisms called prokaryotes are a. bacteria and viruses. b. single-celled organisms that lack a nucleus. c. heterotrophs that contain no DNA. d. single-celled organisms that form protein clumps. B 3 of 8 2/24/15 6:24 PM

4 13. Small circular pieces of DNA found inside bacteria in addition to their chromosome is called a. DNA c. RNA b. a clone d. a plasmid D 14. What does it mean to clone a gene? a. make many copies of the gene c. change the gene b. remove the gene d. destroy the gene A 15. Which band of DNA is smallest a. A c. C b. B d. D C 16. The two kinds of stem cells are a. Big and small c. Adult and embryonic b. prokaryote and eukaryote d. Diploid and haploid C 17. Which of the following are potantial therapeutic uses of embryonic stem cells? a. replace nerve cells after an c. repair damage to heart muscle accident. after a heart attack b. regenerate cells of the immune d. All of the above are potential system. therapeutic uses of embryonic stem cells. 4 of 8 2/24/15 6:24 PM

5 D 18. One difference between adult and embryonic stem cells is a. Adult stem cells can become a c. Adult stem cells are found in limited number of cell types embryos while embryonic stem while embryonic stem cells can cells are found in adults. become any cell type. b. Adult stem cells can become any cell type while embryonic stem cells can become a limited number of cell types. A d. There is no difference between embryonic stem cells and adult stem cells. 19. The cells removed from the blastocyst of a developing embryo are called a. somatic cells c. the inner cell mass b. gametes d. blood cells C 20. What is a disadvantage of adult stem cells over embryonic stem cells? a. They are difficult to grow in c. They are difficult to locate large numbers. since there are so few of them. b. They can differentiate into a d. All of the above are limited number of cell types. disadvantages. D 21. An advantage of using somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT) over fertilized embryos obtained from fertility clinics is a. Embryos from SCNT are c. Embryos from SCNT are genetically identical to the genetically identical to the patient so they are less likely to patient so they are more likely be rejected by the patient s to be rejected by the patient s body. body. b. Embryos from SCNT are genetically different from the patient so they are less likely to be rejected by the patient s body. A d. Embryos from SCNT are genetically different from the patient so they are more likely to be rejected by the patient s body. 5 of 8 2/24/15 6:24 PM

6 Figure In Figure 13-2, of what do the bands shown in B consist? The bands consist of DNA fragments. 23. Which group of bands in Figure 13-2 moved faster, C or D? Why did they move faster? The bands in group D moved faster because they consist of smaller DNA fragments. 24. What is occurring in the test tubes at A in Figure 13-2? The restriction enzyme is cutting the DNA into fragments. 25. In Figure 13-2, why are the bands in B moving toward the positive end of the gel? The bands consist of DNA, which is negatively charged. 26. In Figure 13-2, were the three DNA samples shown in A identical? Explain your answer. No, the DNA samples were not identical because they produced different patterns of bands on the gel. 6 of 8 2/24/15 6:24 PM

7 Figure In the cloning shown in Figure 13-3, which sheep is the source of the nucleus in the fused cell? Sheep A 28. In the cloning shown in Figure 13-3, which sheep provided an egg cell? Sheep B 29. In Figure 13-3, why was the nucleus removed from the egg cell? The DNA was removed from the egg cell to make sure that all of the DNA in the clone was from a single sheep. 30. Which animal in Figure 13-3 is a clone? The lamb is a clone. 7 of 8 2/24/15 6:24 PM

8 31. Which two animals in Figure 13-3 are genetically identical? Sheep A and the lamb are genetically identical. 8 of 8 2/24/15 6:24 PM