Draft Copy. GENERAL INFORMATION Course: 6th Grade Health and Physical Education. Unit: Healthy Relationships and Sexual Health

Transcription

1 GENERAL INFORMATION Course: 6th Grade Health and Physical Education Unit: Healthy Relationships and Sexual Health Lesson Title: The Human Reproductive System Lesson Objectives: Students will learn the names, locations, and functions of the different organs that make up the male and female reproductive systems. Students will learn about the human reproductive system organs and functions. Students will learn health problems that can occur with the male and female reproductive systems and preventive care actions. Lesson Overview: This lesson teaches students about the male and female reproductive system. Class discussions and learning activities will continue to develop student awareness of their body, in particular the internal and external organs of the reproductive system, and ways to care for and protect it. Standards Alignment: Parkway HPE NHES NSES Unit Enduring Understanding Alignment: 1. You can prevent problems to your reproductive system by taking preventive steps. Unit Essential Question Alignment: 1. What are things I do that protect my sexual health? Guiding/Exploratory Questions for this Lesson: 1. How do my reproductive organs function and how can I keep them healthy? Knowledge (Key Concepts): 1. Identify the parts and functions of the human reproductive system. 2. Describe the importance of taking personal care of your body parts Skills: 1. Make a personal commitment to practice health behaviors that protect sexual health.

2 through good hygienic practices. Vocabulary: Reproductive System Menstrual Cycle Ovaries Uterus Fallopian Tubes Vagina Penis Testicles Vas Deferens Prostate Breasts Urethra Instructional Considerations : Be sure that a letter and information about this lesson is sent home to parents/guardians 3-4 weeks prior to its implementation. See Healthy Relationships & Sexual Health Unit Detail for more details. A co-ed atmosphere is recommended for this lesson. Mixed-gender groups is considered best practice for this age-group. Mixed-gender groups promotes gender equity, builds understanding of different perspectives, and increased inclusivity for transgender and gender nonconforming students. This lesson refers to male and female anatomy. You should use these terms for clarity s safe to refer to biological sex or the sex a person was assigned at birth based on their anatomy. At the same time, however, it is important to avoid assuming that all of your students gender identities will match their sexual anatomy. Referring to people with particular body parts (such as a person with a vulva ) will create a more inclusive classroom than female anatomy. Instructional Sequence (Adapted from Everybody s Got Body Parts lesson (Advocates For Youth), The Male/Female Reproductive System lesson (Health Smart) and Reproductive System lesson (FLASH): 1. Introduction a. Review with class the ground rules for discussions around sexual health to ensure that students feel comfortable and safe. b. Distribute index cards or strips of paper to each student to write an questions for the Question Box. Remind students not to put their name on the card, unless they would like a private answer. c. Explain to the class that you will be focusing today s lesson on the human reproductive system. The reproductive system is made up of all the body parts, or organs, that allow a person to reproduce, or have a baby. The purpose the knowing about this system is to help you become better familiar with your body, how it works, know ways to keep this system healthy and avoid health risk factors. Explain that before you can learn about how to keep a body system healthy you have to understand how it is supposed to work when it is healthy. 2. Class Discussion - Review information from previous lesson about puberty. Remind

3 students that once people have gone through puberty, they are physically able to reproduce. Girls can get pregnant, and boys have the capability of fertilizing an egg. But young people are not mature enough and prepared to raise and support a child until an appropriate time in your adulthood. When you know how pregnancy happens, you are better able to protect your yourself from unwanted pregnancies. Knowing about your reproductive organs can help you protect them so that they are healthy in the future when you do wish to have a baby. 3. Activity - Distribute diagrams of male and female reproductive systems. Have students label the different parts/organs that make up the reproductive system as they are introduced. (Note: If you have students pair up with another student you may consider having them break up into same-sex pairs or triads). a. Male (Show diagram of male reproductive system) - Has two main jobs i. Penis - Made up of spongy tissue. Becomes erect (larger and firm) when it is aroused and fills with blood. ii. Testicles (also called gonads)- The two testicles are about the size and shape of small plums. They are housed in the scrotum (a loose sac of skin that hangs behind the penis). The testicles function to to make the hormone testosterone and produce sperm (the male reproductive cell). iii. Vas Deferens - The tube that leads out of the epididymis (tube that curves over the top of each testicle) from each testicle. The vas deferens stores sperm until they leave the body. iv. Prostate Gland - The prostate makes a thin, milky fluid that helps the sperm move. The prostate grows larger at puberty. v. Urethra - A tube that starts at the bladder and runs through the penis to its end. It carries both urine and semen out of the body. b. Female (Show diagram of female reproductive system - internal organs) i. Vagina - Passageway that goes from the vaginal opening to the opening of the uterus. ii. Uterus - Pear-shaped organ where a fertilized egg grows and develops into a baby when a woman is pregnant. iii. Ovaries (also called gonads) - Almond-shaped organs that make female hormone and hold the female s eggs. iv. Fallopian Tubes - Come out of each side of the uterus. An egg travels from the ovary through a fallopian tube to get to the uterus. Fertilization occurs when a male sperm enters the female egg while it is in the fallopian tube. v. Urethra - An external organ that is where the urine leaves the body. 4. Group Discussion (Menstruation) - Discuss the menstrual cycle. Explain that the cycle is a series of events that prepares the female reproductive system to produce a baby. The cycle can last from days. Every female s cycle is different. Menstrual cycles begin when a girl reaches puberty. (Note: You may wish to show Kids Health video on the menstrual cycle. See Materials and Resources list). a. Ovulation, building of the uterus wall, lack of fertilized egg, shedding of the uterus wall (blood/tissue), exit through vagina. b. The cycle begins with ovulation, or the process by which the ovaries release mature eggs, usually just one. The linking of the uterus becomes thicker to receive a fertilized egg. c. Menstruation (also called a period) occurs when an egg is not fertilized and the lining of the uterus then leaves the body through the vagina. This process usually lasts 3-7 days. Two weeks later the ovaries release another egg and

4 the cycle starts over again. i. Great cycle animation - html ii. Side Effects iii. Cramps - avoid caffeine, exercise, heat, over the counter medicine help iv. Change in hormones v. PMS vi. Cravings vii. Acne d. Practices i. Pad (rectangles of absorbent material that stick to the insides of a girl's underwear and catches menstrual blood after it leaves the body; come in several different thicknesses and absorbencies for heavier or lighter menstrual periods or for day or nighttime use; best to change every 3-4 hours. ii. Tampon (absorbent material compressed into a tiny tubular shape and inserted into the vagina to catch menstrual blood before it leaves the body; string attached to one end that stays outside a girl's body and can be used to remove the tampon at any time; should be changed every 4-6 hours; Toxic Shock Syndrome (TSS) - a bacterial infection that may occur when left in longer than is recommended. very rare and most women never become ill from using tampon; since inside the body, allows swimming, more active. 5. Protecting and Caring for the Reproductive Systems a. Personal Care i. Males - For male teens, a common reproductive system problem is injury to the testes. One way to avoid this type of injury is to wear appropriate support (i.e., jockstrap, support briefs) and protective cup. Another more serious problem is cancer of the testes. This does not occur very often, but can occur during the teen years and young adult years. ii. Females Protection - For female teens, who are physically active and participate in sports, should wear proper support for the breasts (i.e., sports bra) and pubic cup for sports where you might get struck in the groin area by a ball or stick. Feminine Hygiene - Females should also track their period during the first few years. Missed periods, heavy bleeding, or severe cramps may require seeing your doctor. Females should make sure that they change their tampons or sanitary napkins at least every four hours during their menstrual cycle. Changing tampons can prevent potentially serious infections such as toxic shock syndrome. (Add yeast infection info?) Medical Check Ups - It is recommended that a girl begin seeing a gynecologist between ages of Keep in mind that other doctors also can help with gynecological issues. For example, an adolescent medicine specialist, family doctor, or pediatrician can answer questions and may be able to examine your vagina, too.

5 b. Male and Female Hygiene Practices - Keeping your reproductive system healthy starts with good hygiene and keeping your body clean. Showering or bathe daily. Wear clean clothes daily. Use deodorant or antiperspirant. Keep hydrated, especially when exercising. Washing hair at least every other day, daily if oily Preventing Acne - wash face twice a day Some might shave their underarms and their legs, boys might shave the hair on their faces. Do not share razors with others. 6. Closure - a. For review or homework have students complete the Understanding the Male/Female Reproductive System activity sheet or Reproductive Systems Crossword Puzzle that is appropriate for their sex. b. Distribute an index card or strip of paper to each student. Ask each student to write down one question they may still have relating to the reproductive systems that were discussed today, but they should not put their names on the cards Instruct those who do not have questions to simply write no question on their card to help keep anonymity. Collect the cards or have them drop them in the Question Box on their way out the door. Materials and Resources: Teacher Resources: Glencoe Teen Health. Changes, Changes, Changes! The Center for Sex Education, The Basics of Reproductive Health. Education, Training, and Research, Reproductive System. FLASH Curriculum (Grades 7-8, Lesson 6/7). Everyone s Got Body Parts. Rights, Respect, Responsibilities. Advocates for Youth. Student Text: Your Endocrine and Reproductive Systems. Glencoe Teen Health: Your Body Systems (Lesson 5), pp The Male Reproductive System. Glencoe Teen Health: Health During the Life Cycle (Lesson 2), pp Video: We re Growing Up. Marsh Media (2014). Menstruation. Kids Health Website ( ealth/girls/menstruation.html) Worksheets/Journal Inserts: The Male and Female Reproductive Organs. The Basics of Reproductive Health (Education, Training, and Research). Understanding the Male and Female Reproductive System. The Basics of Reproductive Health (Education, Training, and

6 The Female Reproductive System. Glencoe Teen Health: Health During the Life Cycle (Lesson 3), pp For Girls - Facts About the Menstrual Cycle handout. Changes, Changes, Changes! (The Center for Sex Education, 2014), p Websites: Kids Health alth Research). Female/Male Sexual and Reproductive Crossword Puzzle. Rights, Respect, Responsibility Curriculum. Advocates for Youth. Parent Info & Resources: Kids Health for Parents ( Recommended Health Agencies and Speakers: None at this time. Home-Family Connection Activity: None