IBC Chapter 7. Based on the 8 th & 9 th Editions of 780 CMR: 2009 & 2015 IBC with MA Amendments For Boston Society of Architects May 18, 2016

Transcription

1 IBC Chapter 7 Based on the 8 th & 9 th Editions of 780 CMR: 2009 & 2015 IBC with MA Amendments For Boston Society of Architects May 18, 2016 Presented by Doug Anderson 313 Congress Street Boston, MA fax Best Practice Commercial Construction Consulting is a Registered Provider with The American Institute of Architects Continuing Education Systems. Credit earned on completion of this program will be reported to CES Records for AIA members. Certificates of Completion for non-aia members are available upon request. This program is registered with the AIA/CES for continuing professional education. As such, it does not include content that may be deemed or construed to be an approval or endorsement by the AIA of any material of construction or any method or manner of handling, using, distributing, or dealing in any material or product. Questions related to specific materials, methods, and services will be addressed at the conclusion of this presentation. 1

2 Learning Objectives Learn the topics covered in Chapter 7 of the Massachusetts Building Code Understand exterior wall requirements, interior wall types, when to use them, and how they are constructed Requirements for smoke and/or fire dampers, opening protectives, and smoke and draft control doors Archaic Construction Illustrations from the 2009 IBC Commentary unless otherwise noted Chapter 7: Fire and Smoke Protection Features Primary and Secondary Frame members Exterior Walls Interior Walls Horizontal Assemblies Penetrations Fire-resistant Joint Systems Opening Protectives Duct and Air Transfer Openings Concealed Spaces Plaster Thermal and Sound Insulating Materials Prescriptive Fire Resistance Calculated Fire Resistance 2

3 Primary and Secondary Frame Members Primary Structural Frame Columns Beams and Girders connected to columns Floor and Roof construction connected to columns Bracing elements critical to vertical support Individual encasement required on all sides Secondary Structural Members Beams and girders not directly connected to the columns Floor construction not connected directly to columns Other bracing members Individual encasement on all sides, or within a membrane assembly Exterior Walls Fireresistance Rating Higher of Construction Type or Fire Separation Distance FSD 10 ft or less, rated from both sides FSD more than 10 ft, inside only Openings Limited by Fire Separation Distance 3

4 Interior Walls Wall Types: Fire Walls/ Party Walls Fire Barriers Shaft Enclosures Fire Partitions Fire Partitions (Corridors) Smoke Barriers Smoke Partitions Horizontal Assemblies None of the Above Horizontal Assemblies Floor/Ceiling and Roof/Ceiling Assemblies Slab Membrane 4

5 Penetrations Walls Floor/Ceiling Assemblies Fire-resistant Joint Systems 5

6 Opening Protectives Fire Doors 2 Hr Fire Wall or Fire Barrier: 90 Minute 1 Hr Fire Barrier, shafts: 60 minute 1 Hr Fire Barrier, others (Use Group Separation): 45 minute 1 Hr or 30 minutes Fire Partitions, Corridors: 20 minute 1 Hr Fire Partitions, Others: 45 minute 1 Hr Smoke Barriers: 20 minute 3 Hr Fire Wall: 2@ 90 minute or 1@ 3 hr Smoke and Draft Control Corridors and Smoke Barriers Duct and Air Transfer Openings Fire Walls/ Party Walls: Fire Damper Fire Barriers: Fire Damper Horizontal Exits: Fire/Smoke Shafts: Fire/Smoke Subduct Exceptions Fire Partitions: Fire or Smoke Fire not required if fully sprinklered and duct is protected as a penetration Smoke not required for separate common/dwelling systems, or for smoke control systems Smoke Barriers, Smoke Partitions: Smoke Damper Horizontal Assemblies: Fire Damper (2 or 3 stories), or shaft 6

7 Concealed Spaces Required for Combustible Construction Only Fire Blocking Draftstopping Thermal and Sound Insulating Materials Fibreboard: Chapter 23 Foam Plastic: Chapter 26 Concealed Flame Spread 25, Smoke Develop 450 Exception: In Types III, IV and V, covered backings when in substantial contact with wall or ceiling surface Exposed Flame Spread 25, Smoke Develop 450 Intumescent coatings 7

8 Prescriptive Fire Resistance Tables in 721 Archaic Construction From Principles of Tile Engineering, H.C. Plummer& E.F. Wanner, 1947 Calculated Fire Resistance 8

9 Putting It All Together General Guidelines Fire resistance rated walls must be tested in accordance with ASTM E 119 or UL 263. Testing requirements found in 780 CMR 703 If you put an opening, door, or penetrate a FRR wall, it also needs to meet certain requirements. 9

10 780 CMR 7.00: Supplemental Information Wall Types: Fire Walls/ Party Walls Fire Barriers Shaft Enclosures Fire Partitions Fire Partitions (Corridors) Smoke Barriers Smoke Partitions Horizontal Assemblies None of the Above Fire Wall Fire-resistance rated Protected openings Continuous from foundation to roof, Allows for structural collapse on either side without collapse of the fire wall Protected openings permitted EX: used to separate two buildings Party Walls A type of fire wall that separates two buildings on a party line No penetrations or openings allowed 10

11 Fire Barriers Fire resistance rated Extends slab to slab Protected openings Limited penetrations of membrane Vertical or horizontal (if horizontal, refer to horizontal assemblies) Locations: area of refuge separation, separate occupancies in a mixed use building (if required), exit enclosures, exit passageways, atrium separation Example of Continuity: Fire Barrier From top of floor/ceiling assembly to underside of deck above: 11

12 Shaft Enclosures Enclosed space extends through one or more stories connecting vertical openings Constructed as fire barriers EX: interior stairways, elevator hoistways, mechanical shafts Fire Partitions (incl Corridors) Fire-resistance rated Extends slab to slab or slab to underside of floor/ceiling membrane EX: Typically used for elevator lobby separation, tenant spaces in a covered mall, dwelling units and guestrooms Fire Partitions (Corridors) Fire-resistance rated in accordance with Not interrupted by intervening rooms Extends slab to slab or slab to underside of floor/ceiling membrane EX: Enclose an exit access corridor 12

13 Example of Continuity: Fire Partition From top of floor/ ceiling assembly to underside of floor assembly above: Smoke Barrier 1 hr fire-resistance rated Extends wall to wall and slab to slab EX: Usually used in Group I-2 and I-3 to evacuate occupants horizontally to another smoke compartment. Can be used in a smoke control system or part of an accessible means of egress system Firefighter lobby in new high rise buildings >120 feet (>70 feet in MA) 13

14 Smoke Partitions No fire-resistance rating Resistant to the passage of smoke Slab to slab Specific opening sealing requirements (710.5). EX: Corridor walls in a Group I-2 (Hospital, nursing home, mental hospital, detox facility) In lieu of a fire partition for elevator lobby Horizontal Assemblies Floor and roof assemblies Continuous without openings, penetrations or joints except as permitted May or may not have a FRR May also be required to be constructed as a smoke barrier 14

15 Example of Continuity: Horizontal Assembly From top of floor/ceiling assembly to underside of deck above: Construction Type Type I rated construction, limited combustibles allowed in building Type II may be unrated (Type IIB) or rated construction (Type IIA), limited combustibles allowed in building Type III typical masonry construction with rated exterior walls, rated (IIIA) or non rated floors (IIIB), combustible construction allowed in building Type IV heavy timber Type V everything s unrated (Type VB) or everything s 1 hr rated (Type VA), combustible construction allowed in building 15

16 Construction Type Req s Exterior walls Height and Area Limits Single and Mixed Use buildings Mixed Use: provide separation in order to create larger building (use table on following page) Single Use: FRR construction could be used to create a larger building (can be considered buildings on the same lot per 780 CMR 501.2) Exterior walls don t necessarily have to be FRR walls 16

17 Use Group Separation Accessory Rooms 17

18 Dwelling Unit/ Sleeping Rooms Fire partitions for vertical walls Fire rated horizontal assemblies In Types IIB, IIIB and VB, 30 minute Other types, 1 hr Corridors Rated vs. Not Rated 18

19 Corridors as egress components Can provide a 1 hour FRR corridor connecting the exit enclosures to measure travel distance in lieu of exit separation requirements ½ D for nonsprinklered buildings and 1/3 D for sprinklered buildings Exits Exit Passageways walls are fire barriers Stairways shaft walls are fire barriers 19

20 Marking and Identification Fire walls, fire barriers, fire partitions, smoke barriers and smoke partitions must be identified with signs or stenciling (Sec 703.6) Located at accessible floor, floor/ceiling or attic spaces; Repeated every 30 feet; and Min ½ lettering. Example: Smoke barrier, protect all openings Thank you for your time! Questions? This concludes The American Institute of Architects Continuing Education Systems Program Doug Anderson 313 Congress Street Boston, MA fax 20

21 C 3 Services: MEP / FP Engineering Due Diligence Construction Management Owner s Representatives Development Advisory Code Advisory Building Envelope 313 Congress Street Boston, MA fax 21