Epithelial Tissue basement membrane Simple Squamous Stratified Squamous keratinization Simple Cuboidal lumen Stratified Cuboidal Simple Columnar

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1 TISSUES Epithelial Tissue covers organs; lines body surfaces, cavities, and hollow organs. tightly packed prominent nuclei lack blood vessels anchored by basement membrane Types: Simple Squamous diffusion lungs blood and lymph vessels body cavities Stratified Squamous protection mouth and throat vagina anal canal outer layer of skin keratinization waterproofing Simple Cuboidal secretion & absorption in glands; secretion in glands lumen hole in tube kidneys uterus pancreas liver salivary & thyroid glands Stratified Cuboidal extra protection mammary glands salivary glands sweat glands pancreas Simple Columnar protects, secretes, absorbs nutrients cilia or microvilli (absorption) goblet cells secrete mucus, protective fluid uterus stomach intestines

2 Stratified Columnar - have goblet cells vas deferens male urethra pharynx Pseudostratified (ciliated) columnar sweep debris nuclei are not aligned; one layer could have cilia and/or goblet cells respiratory tubes Transitional provide distendibility urinary bladder keeps urine in Glandular produce & secrete substances exocrine & endocrine into/out of ducts merocrine release fluid (pancreas) apocrine release fluid part of cell (mammary) holocrine release whole cell (sebaceous) Connective Tissue bind, support, framework, fill spaces, store fat, produce blood cells, repair & protect abundant intercellular matrix good blood supply (except cartilage) Types of fibers collagenous white made of collagen strong not very elastic ligaments and tendons elastic yellow elastin thin & stretchy branch reticular thin collagen support tissues

3 3 main cell types fibroblasts star shaped large makes fibers microphages scavenger cells fight against infection mast cells large near blood vessels make heparin & histamine Types of Connective Tissue Areolar bind body parts together loosely binded made up of fibroblasts separated by gel-like substance collagenous & elastic fibers lies beneath skin Adipose designed to store fat/ heat insulator beneath skin around joints padding kidneys & other organs certain abdominal membranes Dense Fibrous bind bone to bone & muscle to bone strong collagenous & elastic fibers few fibroblasts found in tendons & ligaments Cartilage supportive framework lacks vascular system heals slowly enclosed with perichondrium lacunae small chambers cells occupy chondrocytes types hyaline most common ends of bone support respiratory passage empty matrix

4 elastic very flexible elastic fibers in matrix external ears part of larynx fibrocartilage toughest; packed tightly collagenous fibers shock absorption intervertebral disks knees pelvic girdle Elastic Connective stretch elastic fibers fibroblasts arteries airways heart Reticular Connective support reticular fibers liver spleen lymphatic organs Bone support; red blood cell formation matrix = mineral salts & collagen good blood circulation concentric circles around central canal osteocytes Blood transport throughout body cells in liquid plasma erythrocytes & leukocytes

5 Muscle Tissue contraction due to stimuli Types Skeletal attached to bone several nuclei striated voluntary Smooth spindle shaped organ walls digestive tract blood vessels bladder NOT striated one nuclei involuntary Cardiac found in the heart intercalated disks connect cells striated involuntary branching Nervous Tissue brain, spinal cord, & nerves neuron conduct impulses neuroglia cells support & nourish neurons Epithelial Membranes considered to be organs more than one type of tissue epithelial connective Types serous line cavities that lack openings to the outside thorax & abdomen serous fluid to lubricate epithelial & connective mucous line cavities that open to outside oral & nasal cavities tubes of digestive, respiratory, urinary, & reproductive goblet cells within secrete mucus epithelial & connective

6 synovial lines joints connective tissue cutaneous skin 3 Germ Embryonic Layers endoderm mesoderm ectoderm