1. In your own words, why is the Middle East s water problem more serious than other areas according to Dr. Saleh?

Size: px
Start display at page:

Download "1. In your own words, why is the Middle East s water problem more serious than other areas according to Dr. Saleh?"

Transcription

1 Interview: Water Crisis in the Middle East Name Date Period Standards: SS7G6a; ELACC6-8RH1 Integrated Regional Information Networks (IRIN) conducted an interview with Dr. Walid Saleh, a water expert, in October 2006 about water availability in the Middle East. Although his interview was years ago, his responses are still valid today in the increasing water crisis in the Middle East. Read the interview of Dr. Saleh and answer the questions below. For questions that say cite evidence from the text, be sure to copy the exact sentences from the text that provide the correct information. 1. In your own words, why is the Middle East s water problem more serious than other areas according to Dr. Saleh? 2. Cite evidence from the text to support your answer. 3. Summarize the water-related issues that could cause major environmental problems in the future according to Dr. Saleh. 4. Cite evidence from the text to support your answer. 5. How does pollution affect the scarcity of water in the Middle East? 6. Cite evidence from the text to support your answer.

2 Interview: Water Crisis in the Middle East Excerpt Water availability in the Middle East will continue to remain problematic and a potential source of conflict, according to water expert Dr. Walid Saleh. Dr Saleh has worked with the United Nations University/International Network on Water, Environment and Health in Abu Dhabi since In excerpts from an interview with IRIN, he said while some efforts were ongoing to improve supplies, better water management was essential. Below are excerpts from an interview with Dr. Saleh published in the IRIN In-Depth October 2006 issue. Q: Why is the Middle East s problem particularly serious? A: Ninety percent of the region is classified as arid and hyper-arid. The region has low average rainfalls, high summer temperatures and high evaporation and transpiration rates. The limited surface water has to be shared between different countries. Groundwater, the main source of water in many countries, is also being extracted well beyond its renewal rate in some areas. In some cases, governments are tapping into fossil groundwater resources and, where feasible, have initiated sea water desalination projects. But worsening water quality further reduces the availability of freshwater suitable for domestic and agricultural use and increases the cost of treatment and reuse. Increased water contamination due to inadequately treated wastewater is also affecting public health particularly of children in rural areas, where access to clean water and sanitation is still lacking in most countries of the region. What s more, the water resource situation is becoming bleaker due to droughts occurring with greater frequency and of longer duration. Droughts have affected almost every country in the region over the past decade.

3 Interview: Water Crisis in the Middle East Excerpt Q: What are the major problems resulting from water scarcity? A: Unless improved water management plans are put in place, a series of water-related issues will interact to cause major environmental problems in the future. These issues include an escalating demand for water; the deterioration of water quality; inefficient methods of wastewater treatment and solid waste disposal; and escalating conflicts over shared surface and groundwater resources if agreements are not reached on equitable allocation. Q: How big a factor is pollution in the shortage of water in the region? A: The main challenge for the sustainability of water resources is the control of water pollution. Pollution of ground water with heavy metals, the loss of natural ecosystems, the depletion of ground water, pollution of water bodies, and the salinisation of soils are all factors contributing to water scarcity. Q: What are the solutions to the problem of water pollution? A: The treatment of industrial and domestic wastewater. Also, advocating organic farming and limiting the use of chemical fertilizers and pesticides to reduce crop, soil and water pollution.

4 IRIN I n - D e p t h Water expert Dr Walid Saleh 73 Water availability in the Middle East will continue to remain problematic and a potential source of conflict, according to water expert Dr Walid Saleh. Dr Saleh has worked with the United Nations University/International Network on Water, Environment and Health in Abu Dhabi since In excerpts from an interview with IRIN, he said while some efforts were ongoing to improve supplies, better water management was essential. QUESTION: How severe is the problem of water scarcity in the Middle East? Dr Walid Saleh, Regional Coordinator for the Middle East and North Africa at the United Nations University. ANSWER: It s widely recognised that the Middle East North Africa [MENA] region is by far the driest and most water-scarce in the world, and that this is increasingly affecting the economic and social development of most countries in the region. MENA has 5 percent of the world s population with less than 1 percent of the available freshwater resources. Today, average per capita water availability in the region is about 1,200 cubic metres per year, while the world s average is close to 7,000. The annual water availability in the region ranges from a high of about 1,800 cubic metres per person in Iran to less than 200 cubic metres per person in Jordan, the West Bank/Gaza and Yemen. By 2025, regional average water availability is projected to be just over 500 cubic meters per person per year. While conventional water availability remains relatively constant, the demand is increasing sharply as a result of population growth, increases in household income and irrigation development. Population growth and rapid development are constantly placing increasing demands on the limited water resources. It is estimated that the need for water supply in the region will increase from 170 billion cubic metres in 2000 to 228 billion cubic metres in Q: Why is the Middle East s problem particularly serious? A: Ninety percent of the region is classified as arid and hyper-arid. The region has low average rainfalls, high summer temperatures and high evaporation and transpiration rates. The limited surface water has to be shared between different countries. Groundwater, the main source of water in many countries, is also being extracted well beyond its renewal rate in some areas. In some cases, governments are tapping into fossil groundwater resources and, where feasible, have initiated sea water desalination projects. But worsening water quality further reduces the availability of freshwater suitable for domestic and agricultural use and increases the cost of treatment and reuse. Increased water contamination due to inadequately treated wastewater is also affecting public health particularly of children in rural areas, where access to clean water and sanitation is still lacking in most countries of the region. What s more, the water resource situation is becoming bleaker due to droughts occurring with greater frequency and of longer duration. Droughts have affected almost every country in the region over the past decade. Q: What are the major problems resulting from water scarcity? A: Unless improved water management plans are put in place, a series of water-related issues will interact to cause major environmental problems in the future. These issues include an escalating demand for water; the deterioration of water quality; inefficient methods of wastewater treatment and solid waste disposal; and escalating conflicts over shared surface and groundwater resources if agreements are not reached on equitable allocation. Q: Which countries in the region are worst affected and why? A: Jordan and Yemen are the worst affected by water scarcity due to their limited water resources, limited rainfall and lack of finances. Running Dry: the humanitarian impact of the global water crisis, IRIN In-Depth, October Page 73

5 IRIN I n - D e p t h 74 While water resources in Jordan have fluctuated around a stationary average, the country s population has continued to rise. A high rate of natural population growth, combined with massive influxes of refugees, has transformed the comfortable balance between population and water in the first half of this century into a chronic and worsening imbalance in the second half. The situation has been exacerbated by the fact that Jordan shares most of its surface water resources with neighbouring countries, whose control has partially deprived Jordan of its fair share of water. The most serious problem in Yemen, meanwhile, is the rapid depletion of groundwater resources. Almost all the important groundwater systems in Yemen are being over-exploited at an alarming rate. The socio-economic consequences are dramatic and will make groundwater too expensive for use in agriculture in the future. The agricultural economy based on groundwater irrigation is doomed to collapse if water resources are not adequately controlled. Q: What current means are being employed to address the issue? A: Several countries have embarked on reforming their water sector and some others have made a good start. Many countries, in partnership with donors and financial institutions, are taking steps in water sector reforms. A shift in thinking and action in water management is slowly taking place in the region. Q: What methods would be more effective in improving the situation? A: Despite the efforts being made, the complexity of the water and environmental issue calls for a stronger commitment, especially with regard to legislative frameworks, resources allocated to ensure environmental protection, coordination between policies and strategies and the availability of a comprehensive environmental database. Water will continue to be a major challenge in the MENA countries. In order to remedy this, governments need to make additional efforts to ensure greater cooperation among their ministries and agencies. The impending crisis requires a new strategy to alleviate the impact of development activities on freshwater resources and to identify a means of reconciling competing demands for water. Q: How big a factor is pollution in the shortage of water in the region? A: The main challenge for the sustainability of water resources is the control of water pollution. Pollution of ground water with heavy metals, the loss of natural ecosystems, the depletion of ground water, pollution of water bodies, and the salinisation of soils are all factors contributing to water scarcity. Q: What are the solutions to the problem of water pollution? A: The treatment of industrial and domestic wastewater. Also, advocating organic farming and limiting the use of chemical fertilizers and pesticides to reduce crop, soil and water pollution. Q: How committed are the region s governments to finding a permanent solution? A: Generally, all governments in the region are committed to water reforms. However, the level of commitment from one country to another varies depending upon available solutions and finance. Running Dry: the humanitarian impact of the global water crisis, IRIN In-Depth, October Page 74

Global water resources under increasing pressure from rapidly growing demands and climate change, according to new UN World Water Development Report

Global water resources under increasing pressure from rapidly growing demands and climate change, according to new UN World Water Development Report WWDR4 Background Information Brief Global water resources under increasing pressure from rapidly growing demands and climate change, according to new UN World Water Development Report As demand for water

More information

Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan Ministry of Water and Irrigation. Water in Jordan: Water security and protection

Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan Ministry of Water and Irrigation. Water in Jordan: Water security and protection Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan Ministry of Water and Irrigation Water in Jordan: Water security and protection Secretary General Assistant Ministry of Water and Irrigation Eng. Ali subah June 2012 Context:

More information

Water Resources Development and Management in India - An Overview

Water Resources Development and Management in India - An Overview Water Resources Development and Management in India - An Overview A presentation by U. N. Panjiar Secretary to the Government of India This presentation Water resources scenario in India Water governance

More information

Water Resource. 1 Initiating and Sustaining Water Sector Reforms : A Synthesis World Bank in collaboration with the Government of India, Ministry of

Water Resource. 1 Initiating and Sustaining Water Sector Reforms : A Synthesis World Bank in collaboration with the Government of India, Ministry of WATER RESOURCES OF INDIA by Kalipada Chatterjee Climate Change Centre Development Alternatives Introduction Water is essential for human civilisation, living organisms, and natural habitat. It is used

More information

GROUNDWATER RESOURCES MANAGEMENT IN SAUDI ARABIA

GROUNDWATER RESOURCES MANAGEMENT IN SAUDI ARABIA GROUNDWATER RESOURCES MANAGEMENT IN SAUDI ARABIA Walid A. Abderrahman Professor, Water Resources Management President, Saudi Water Association Special Presentation at Water Conservation Workshop Khober,

More information

I would like to share with you some personal views about the major freshwater challenges in our world

I would like to share with you some personal views about the major freshwater challenges in our world I would like to share with you some personal views about the major freshwater challenges in our world Everybody uses water, everybody uses water daily. A a result water matters to everyone and everyone

More information

As stewards of the land, farmers must protect the quality of our environment and conserve the natural resources that sustain it by implementing

As stewards of the land, farmers must protect the quality of our environment and conserve the natural resources that sustain it by implementing N A T U R A L R E S O U R C E C O N S E R V A T I O N As stewards of the land, farmers must protect the quality of our environment and conserve the natural resources that sustain it by implementing conservation

More information

Economic and technical assessment of desalination technologies

Economic and technical assessment of desalination technologies Economic and technical assessment of desalination technologies Fawzi Banat Jordan University of Science and Technology Jordan Geneva 6-8 June, 2007 John F. Kennedy had said If we could ever competitively,

More information

IS Desertification A Reality or Myth? What is desertification?

IS Desertification A Reality or Myth? What is desertification? IS Desertification A Reality or Myth? What is desertification? Desertification is a process of fertile land transforming into a desert typically as a result of deforestation, drought or improper/inappropriate

More information

Responding to the Challenges of Water Security: the VIII Phase of the International Hydrological Programme 2014-2021

Responding to the Challenges of Water Security: the VIII Phase of the International Hydrological Programme 2014-2021 3rd UNECWAS Annual Seminar 21st of August, TUT Responding to the Challenges of Water Security: the VIII Phase of the International Hydrological Programme 2014-2021 Blanca Jimenez-Cisneros Director of the

More information

COMPREHENSIVE PLAN SECTION B, ELEMENT 4 WATER RESOURCES. April 20, 2010 EXHIBIT 1

COMPREHENSIVE PLAN SECTION B, ELEMENT 4 WATER RESOURCES. April 20, 2010 EXHIBIT 1 COMPREHENSIVE PLAN SECTION B, ELEMENT 4 WATER RESOURCES April 20, 2010 EXHIBIT 1 ELEMENT 4 WATER RESOURCES TABLE OF CONTENTS 4.1 INTRODUCTION 4.2 GOALS AND POLICIES 4.2.A General Goals and Policies 1 4.2.B

More information

Water Security and Desalination in the GCC Countries. Dr. Muhammad F. Al Rashed Executive Director Water Research Center

Water Security and Desalination in the GCC Countries. Dr. Muhammad F. Al Rashed Executive Director Water Research Center Water Security and Desalination in the GCC Countries Dr. Muhammad F. Al Rashed Executive Director Water Research Center Contents Sources of Water At the GCC, Water Security, Water Security of the GCC,

More information

Water resources. The main problems of pollution that need to be addressed in the country are the following:

Water resources. The main problems of pollution that need to be addressed in the country are the following: Translated from Spanish Water resources 1. The issue of water resources At the present time, sustainable standards for the development and use of water resources are not maintained in many parts of the

More information

Open Meeting of the Club of Bologna Farm Machinery to Feed the World. 21 September 2015 Teatro della Terra, Biodiversity Park, EXPO Milano 2015

Open Meeting of the Club of Bologna Farm Machinery to Feed the World. 21 September 2015 Teatro della Terra, Biodiversity Park, EXPO Milano 2015 Open Meeting of the Club of Bologna 21 September 2015 Teatro della Terra, Biodiversity Park, EXPO Milano 2015 Farm of the Future Giuseppe Gavioli giuseppe.gavioli@gmail.com Challenges Child and maternal

More information

GROUNDWATER MONITORING AND DATA MANAGEMENT IN THE MEDITERRANEAN REGION. Marrakech, May 2005

GROUNDWATER MONITORING AND DATA MANAGEMENT IN THE MEDITERRANEAN REGION. Marrakech, May 2005 GROUNDWATER MONITORING AND DATA MANAGEMENT IN THE MEDITERRANEAN REGION Marrakech, May 2005 WATER RESOURCES IN THE MEDITERRANEAN REGION Water resources are limited, fragile and threatened Different conditions

More information

Financing Water Services in the Arab Countries Public Private Participation, PPP The Jordanian Experience

Financing Water Services in the Arab Countries Public Private Participation, PPP The Jordanian Experience Financing Water Services in the Arab Countries Public Private Participation, PPP The Jordanian Experience Private Sector Involvement in Water Infrastructure in Lebanon Eng. Mohammed Bany Mustafa /ACWUA

More information

Soil Contamination Legislation in China: Progress and Prospect

Soil Contamination Legislation in China: Progress and Prospect Soil Contamination Legislation in China: Progress and Prospect QIN Tianbao Wuhan University International Legal Expert Workshop Berlin, Germany December 8, 2014 1 Contents 1. Background 2. Progress 3.

More information

Physical Stock Accounts for Water 1

Physical Stock Accounts for Water 1 Physical Stock Accounts for Water 1 Environmental accounting Statistics New Zealand is working with a number of government and other agencies to produce a range of statistical measures regarding the natural

More information

Wastewater Production, Treatment, and Use in Malaysia

Wastewater Production, Treatment, and Use in Malaysia Wastewater Production, Treatment, and Use in Malaysia Engku Azman Tuan Mat 1, Jamil Shaari 2, and Voon Kok How 3 Wastewater production and treatment Malaysia has a population of 28.3 million based on the

More information

National Environment Awareness Campaign(NEAC) 2014-2015. Theme

National Environment Awareness Campaign(NEAC) 2014-2015. Theme National Environment Awareness Campaign(NEAC) 2014-2015. Theme COMBATING DESERTIFICATION, LAND DEGRADATION AND DROUGHT Background Note Desertification is about land degradation: the loss of the land s

More information

1. Executive Summary 4. 2. Introduction 7. 2.1. Global and national pressures on water resources 7. 2.1.1. Water and exposure to change in Australia 7

1. Executive Summary 4. 2. Introduction 7. 2.1. Global and national pressures on water resources 7. 2.1.1. Water and exposure to change in Australia 7 Contents 1. Executive Summary 4 2. Introduction 7 2.1. Global and national pressures on water resources 7 2.1.1. Water and exposure to change in Australia 7 2.2. The external costs of water use 8 2.2.1.

More information

edms 5. THAILAND 5.1 Water Resources Management Policies and Actions

edms 5. THAILAND 5.1 Water Resources Management Policies and Actions 5. THAILAND 5.1 Water Resources Management Policies and Actions In Thailand, the Office of Natural Resources and Environmental Policy and Planning issued the State of Environment Report 2004, which has

More information

Intervention on behalf of Denmark, Norway and Ireland on the occasion of the Open Working Group on Sustainable Development Goals meeting on

Intervention on behalf of Denmark, Norway and Ireland on the occasion of the Open Working Group on Sustainable Development Goals meeting on Intervention on behalf of Denmark, Norway and Ireland on the occasion of the Open Working Group on Sustainable Development Goals meeting on Sustainable Consumption and Production, including Chemicals and

More information

The Role of Desalinated Water in Integrated Water Resource Management in Abu Dhabi Emirate-UAE

The Role of Desalinated Water in Integrated Water Resource Management in Abu Dhabi Emirate-UAE The Role of Desalinated Water in Integrated Water Resource Management in Abu Dhabi Emirate-UAE Muthanna Al-Omar Environmental Studies Dept., National Energy & Water Research Center Abu Dhabi Water & Electricity

More information

FRESHWATER COUNTRY PROFILE NORWAY

FRESHWATER COUNTRY PROFILE NORWAY FRESHWATER COUNTRY PROFILE NORWAY Decision-Making Programmes and Projects A. Integrated Water Resources Development and Management B. Water Resources Assessment C. Protection of Water Resources D. Drinking

More information

1993 Food Industry Environmental Conference SURVEY OF WATER USE IN THE CALIFORNIA FOOD PROCESSING INDUSTRY

1993 Food Industry Environmental Conference SURVEY OF WATER USE IN THE CALIFORNIA FOOD PROCESSING INDUSTRY SURVEY OF WATER USE IN THE CALIFORNIA FOOD PROCESSING INDUSTRY Jatal D. Mannapperuma Project Engineer California Institute of Food and Agricultural Research Department of Food Science and Technology University

More information

Presentation from the 2013 World Water Week in Stockholm

Presentation from the 2013 World Water Week in Stockholm Presentation from the 2013 World Water Week in Stockholm www.worldwaterweek.org The Author(s), all rights reserved www.siwi.org Water Security 3 September 2013 Eye on Asia Asian Development Bank Asian

More information

Freshwater Resources and Water Pollution

Freshwater Resources and Water Pollution Visualizing Environmental Science Freshwater Resources and Water Pollution Chapter 10 Copyright The Importance of Water Life on Earth would be impossible without water All living organisms contain water

More information

Global Water Resources

Global Water Resources Global Water Resources Highlights from assessment activities over the past two decades, which are used to establish present and future water trends, reveal that: 1. Freshwater resources are unevenly distributed,

More information

Sustainable Growth: Taking a Deep Dive into Water

Sustainable Growth: Taking a Deep Dive into Water Sustainable Growth: Taking a Deep Dive into Water Water could be a constraint on growth The world s freshwater resources are unevenly distributed around the planet: over 60% of the Earth s freshwater supply

More information

DRYLAND SYSTEMS Science for better food security and livelihoods in the dry areas

DRYLAND SYSTEMS Science for better food security and livelihoods in the dry areas DRYLAND SYSTEMS Science for better food security and livelihoods in the dry areas CGIAR Research Program on Dryland Agricultural Production Systems The global research partnership to improve agricultural

More information

GLOBAL CIRCULATION OF WATER

GLOBAL CIRCULATION OF WATER Global Circulation of Water MODULE - 8A 27 GLOBAL CIRCULATION OF WATER More than three-fourths of the earth s surface is covered by water. Water is an odorless, tasteless, substance than can naturally

More information

ASSESSMENT OF ALTERNATIVE WATER

ASSESSMENT OF ALTERNATIVE WATER Restricted dissemination (Service contract No. 070307/2008/496501/SER/D2) ASSESSMENT OF ALTERNATIVE WATER SUPPLY OPTIONS FINAL SUMMARY REPORT (SHORT VERSION) Author(s): Paul Campling (VITO), Leo De Nocker

More information

Driving Sustainable Development: the role of Science, Technology and Innovation

Driving Sustainable Development: the role of Science, Technology and Innovation G-SCIENCE ACADEMIES STATEMENTS 2013 Driving Sustainable Development: the role of Science, Technology and Innovation 1. Introduction The framework of Millennium Development Goals has led to several in-depth

More information

It s hard to avoid the word green these days.

It s hard to avoid the word green these days. Going green : Environmental jobs for scientists and engineers Alice Ramey Alice Ramey is an economist in the Office of Occupational Statistics and Employment Projections, BLS. She is available at (202)

More information

Republic of. Mali. Progress Towards Sustainability As defined by the United Nations Millennium Development Goal 7 indicators 11.5 10.7 10.

Republic of. Mali. Progress Towards Sustainability As defined by the United Nations Millennium Development Goal 7 indicators 11.5 10.7 10. Republic of Mali Total Surface Area: 1 4 19 km Estimated Population in 6: 13 918 Mali is a large landlocked country stretching from the Sahara Desert in the north to the Niger and Senegal River Basins

More information

Facts on Water Resources

Facts on Water Resources Facts on Water Resources A summary of the United Nations World Water Development Report 2 A summary by: WATER is essential for human survival and well-being and important to many sectors of the economy.

More information

ECONOMIC ANALYSIS OF WATER USES GESTÃO INTEGRADA DE BACIAS HIDROGRÁFICAS INSTITUTO SUPERIOR TÉCNICO

ECONOMIC ANALYSIS OF WATER USES GESTÃO INTEGRADA DE BACIAS HIDROGRÁFICAS INSTITUTO SUPERIOR TÉCNICO Purposes of water pricing to ensure efficient use of water. to ensure equity among water users. to ensure the recovery and prevention of degradation of water quality and aquatic ecosystems. to prevent

More information

AP ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE 2012 SCORING GUIDELINES

AP ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE 2012 SCORING GUIDELINES AP ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE 2012 SCORING GUIDELINES Question1 Read the following article from the Fremont Gazette and answer the questions that follow. (a) Identify and describe TWO water-related environmental

More information

Conclusions. Towards a green economy

Conclusions. Towards a green economy Conclusions Towards a green economy Conclusions Moving towards a green economy has the potential to achieve sustainable development and eradicate poverty on an unprecedented scale, with speed and effectiveness.

More information

Amherst County Public Schools. AP Environmental Science Curriculum Pacing Guide. College Board AP Environmental Science Site

Amherst County Public Schools. AP Environmental Science Curriculum Pacing Guide. College Board AP Environmental Science Site Amherst County Public Schools AP Environmental Science Curriculum Pacing Guide College Board AP Environmental Science Site REV: 8/12 1 st 9 weeks AP Objectives Energy Resources and Consumption A. Energy

More information

Economic Commission for Africa. Management Options to Enhance Survival and Growth

Economic Commission for Africa. Management Options to Enhance Survival and Growth Economic Commission for Africa Management Options to Enhance Survival and Growth 1 1 Copyright Economic Commission for Africa September 2006 This publication was prepared by the NEPAD Support Unit on behalf

More information

Water Environmental Management in Cambodia

Water Environmental Management in Cambodia Water Environmental Management in Cambodia Chrin Sokha Deputy Director General, Ministry of Environment #48, Samdech Preah Sihanouk Bvd., Tonle Bassac, Chamkarmon, Phnom Penh, Cambodia Tel: +855 12 545

More information

DEPARTMENT OF ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION BUREAU OF WATER SUPPLY MANAGEMENT. Principles for Ground Water Pollution Prevention and Remediation

DEPARTMENT OF ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION BUREAU OF WATER SUPPLY MANAGEMENT. Principles for Ground Water Pollution Prevention and Remediation DEPARTMENT OF ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION BUREAU OF WATER SUPPLY MANAGEMENT DOCUMENT NUMBER: 383-0800-001 EFFECTIVE DATE: December 1, 1996 TITLE: AUTHORITY: POLICY: Principles for Ground Water Pollution Prevention

More information

Water Recycles poster

Water Recycles poster Water Recycles poster The "Water ReCycles" poster is designed for students of all ages. It shows the natural water cycle and humans influence on water resources. Raincloud illustration The raincloud in

More information

Elizabeth Curmi, Keith Richards, Richard Fenner, Julian.M Allwood, Bojana Bajželj and Grant M. Kopec

Elizabeth Curmi, Keith Richards, Richard Fenner, Julian.M Allwood, Bojana Bajželj and Grant M. Kopec A new representation of integrated management of water resources: Sankey diagrams that link water sources and services for humans and nature at different scales Elizabeth Curmi, Keith Richards, Richard

More information

Water Security in Iraq

Water Security in Iraq Water Security in Iraq Dr. Hassan Janabi Ambassador Permanent Representative of Iraq To the UN Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) And other Rome-based UN Agencies (WFP & IFAD) Introduction: Iraq is

More information

The Water, Energy, Food Nexus: Lebanese Policy and Institutional Analysis

The Water, Energy, Food Nexus: Lebanese Policy and Institutional Analysis The Water, Energy, Food Nexus: Lebanese Policy and Institutional Analysis Nadim Farajalla, Patricia Haydamous, Charbel Rizk, Silva Kerkezian and Rana El Hajj-Mitri Climate Change and the Environment in

More information

Living & Working Managing Natural Resources and Waste

Living & Working Managing Natural Resources and Waste Living & Working Managing Natural Resources and Waste 5.13 Managing Natural Resources and Waste Background 5.13.1 This chapter focuses on how we manage resources within the AONB. It includes renewable

More information

World Population Growth

World Population Growth 3 World Population Growth Why is world population growing faster than ever before? Population dynamics are one of the key factors to consider when thinking about development. In the past years the world

More information

FOOD AVAILABILITY AND NATURAL RESOURCE USE

FOOD AVAILABILITY AND NATURAL RESOURCE USE FOOD AVAILABILITY AND NATURAL RESOURCE USE Nadia El-Hage Scialabba Natural Resources Management and Environment Department, FAO FAO/OECD Expert Meeting on Greening the Economy with Agriculture Paris, 5

More information

Domestic Policy Framework on Adaptation to Climate Change in Water Resources: Case Study for India. Working Together to Respond to Climate Change

Domestic Policy Framework on Adaptation to Climate Change in Water Resources: Case Study for India. Working Together to Respond to Climate Change Domestic Policy Framework on Adaptation to Climate Change in Water Resources: Case Study for India Working Together to Respond to Climate Change WATER ACCOUNTING OF INDIA S TOTAL WATER RESOURCES Unutilizable

More information

PRESENTATION 2 MAJOR ENVIRONMENTAL PROBLEMS

PRESENTATION 2 MAJOR ENVIRONMENTAL PROBLEMS UNEP GLOBAL JUDGES PROGRAMME APPLICATION OF ENVIRONMENTAL LAW BY NATIONAL COURTS AND TRIBUNALS PRESENTATION 2 MAJOR ENVIRONMENTAL PROBLEMS OUTLINE OF PRESENTATION A) Major environmental issues B) Responses

More information

DONOR REPORT WATER PROJECTS 2015

DONOR REPORT WATER PROJECTS 2015 DONOR REPORT WATER PROJECTS 2015 UPDATED: MAY 2015 ISLAMIC RELIEF USA WATER PROJECTS FUNDING IN PROGRESS. 2 URGENT WATER REPAIRS FOR GAZA FEB. 2015 - JULY 2015 LOCATION: Gaza Working with American Near

More information

Water Scarcity: How Companies Are Making a Change

Water Scarcity: How Companies Are Making a Change Water Scarcity: How Companies Are Making a Change By Emilye Pelow and Zachary Paris Sentinel Investments is the unifying brand name for Sentinel Financial Services Company, Sentinel Asset Management, 1

More information

EU China River Basin Management Programme

EU China River Basin Management Programme Ministry of Water Resources Ministry of Environmental Protection EU China River Basin Management Programme Technical Report 075 Water Resource Supply Security Strategy Analysis Ben Piper, Zhang Wang and

More information

It s the End of the World as We Know it and I feel Fine. And that s just the problem!

It s the End of the World as We Know it and I feel Fine. And that s just the problem! It s the End of the World as We Know it and I feel Fine And that s just the problem! Humanity at a Crossroads: Sustainability, Natural Resources, a World at its limits, and the Great Crisis of Our Generation

More information

The Effects of Climate Change on Water Resources in Spain

The Effects of Climate Change on Water Resources in Spain Marqués de Leganés 12-28004 Madrid Tel: 915312739 Fax: 915312611 secretaria@ecologistasenaccion.org www.ecologistasenaccion.org The Effects of Climate Change on Water Resources in Spain In order to achieve

More information

Hungarian National Environmental Technology Innovation Strategy (NETIS)

Hungarian National Environmental Technology Innovation Strategy (NETIS) Hungarian National Environmental Technology Innovation Strategy Dr. Martina MAKAI Ministry of Rural Development WHY ESTABLISHING THE NEW STRATEGY? Global crisis as challenge & opportunity for: greening

More information

Water. in the West Bank and Gaza. ANERA Reports. on the ground in the Middle East

Water. in the West Bank and Gaza. ANERA Reports. on the ground in the Middle East Water in the West Bank and Gaza ANERA Reports on the ground in the Middle East Volume 2 March 2012 INTRODUCTION The semi-arid Middle East suffers from a chronic scarcity of water. The causes are multiple

More information

Concept Note for an IWRM Masters Degree Program. Armenia, Azerbaijan and Georgia 2012

Concept Note for an IWRM Masters Degree Program. Armenia, Azerbaijan and Georgia 2012 Concept Note for an IWRM Masters Degree Program 1. Summary of Action Armenia, Azerbaijan and Georgia 2012 The UNDP-GEF Kura Project has undertaken several stakeholder involvement and capacity building

More information

Concept Note for an IWRM Masters Degree Program. Armenia, Azerbaijan and Georgia 2012

Concept Note for an IWRM Masters Degree Program. Armenia, Azerbaijan and Georgia 2012 Concept Note for an IWRM Masters Degree Program 1. Summary of Action Armenia, Azerbaijan and Georgia 2012 The UNDP-GEF Kura Project has undertaken several stakeholder involvement and capacity building

More information

Climate Change Long Term Trends and their Implications for Emergency Management August 2011

Climate Change Long Term Trends and their Implications for Emergency Management August 2011 Climate Change Long Term Trends and their Implications for Emergency Management August 2011 Overview A significant amount of existing research indicates that the world s climate is changing. Emergency

More information

Annual Renewable Water (m 3 /person/year) < 500 500-1,000 1,000-1,700. Sources: CIESIN et al. 2000; Fekete et al. 2000

Annual Renewable Water (m 3 /person/year) < 500 500-1,000 1,000-1,700. Sources: CIESIN et al. 2000; Fekete et al. 2000 EarthTrends: Featured Topic Title: Will There Be Enough Water? Author(s): Carmen Revenga Editor: Greg Mock Source: Pilot Analysis of Global Ecosystems: Freshwater Systems Date written: October 2000 Water

More information

The Intended Nationally Determined Contribution of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia under the UNFCCC

The Intended Nationally Determined Contribution of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia under the UNFCCC The Intended Nationally Determined Contribution of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia under the UNFCCC Riyadh, November 2015 The Kingdom of Saudi Arabia is pleased to submit its Intended Nationally Determined

More information

Natural Resources. Air and Water Resources

Natural Resources. Air and Water Resources Natural Resources Key Concepts Why is it important to manage air and water resources wisely? How can individuals help manage air and water resources wisely? Air and Water Resources What do you think? Read

More information

WASTEWATER TREATMENT

WASTEWATER TREATMENT Freshwater WASTEWATER TREATMENT Water Quality 1. INDICATOR (a) Name: Wastewater treatment. (b) Brief Definition: Proportion of wastewater that is treated, in order to reduce pollutants before being discharged

More information

Speaker Summary Note

Speaker Summary Note 2020 CONFERENCE MAY 2014 Session: Speaker: Speaker Summary Note Building Resilience by Innovating and Investing in Agricultural Systems Mark Rosegrant Director, Environment and Production Technology Division

More information

Addis Ababa, ETHIOPIA P. O. Box 3243 Telephone 517 700 Cables: OAU, ADDIS ABABA

Addis Ababa, ETHIOPIA P. O. Box 3243 Telephone 517 700 Cables: OAU, ADDIS ABABA AFRICAN UNION UNION AFRICAINE UNIÃO AFRICANA Addis Ababa, ETHIOPIA P. O. Box 3243 Telephone 517 700 Cables: OAU, ADDIS ABABA Department of Rural Economy and Agriculture African Union Commission Proposal

More information

The Food-Energy-Water Nexus in Agronomy, Crop and Soil Sciences

The Food-Energy-Water Nexus in Agronomy, Crop and Soil Sciences The Food-Energy-Water Nexus in Agronomy, Crop and Soil Sciences February 4, 2016 In the fall of 2015 the Agronomy, Crop Science and Soil Science societies put out a call for white papers to help inform

More information

Permitting of Development and Infrastructure Projects in Abu Dhabi

Permitting of Development and Infrastructure Projects in Abu Dhabi Table of Contents 1.0 Purpose... 4 1.1 What Is a Objection Certificate for Development and Infrastructure Projects?... 4 1.2 Why Is an NOC Required?... 4 2.0 Scope... 4 2.1 What Development and Infrastructure

More information

Physical flow accounts: principles and general concepts

Physical flow accounts: principles and general concepts Physical flow accounts: principles and general concepts Julian Chow United Nations Statistics Division 1 st Sub-Regional Course on SEEA 23-27 September 2013 Malaysia SEEA Conceptual Framework Outside territory

More information

Answer Keys to Unit Tests

Answer Keys to Unit Tests Reading Geography Series Answer Keys to Unit Tests Unit 1 The Five Themes of Geography Unit 2 Patterns in Physical Geography Unit 3 Natural Resources 7 Portage & Main Press Unit Test for The Five Themes

More information

IMPACT OF HOSTING SYRIAN REFUGEES OCTOBER 2013. Introduction

IMPACT OF HOSTING SYRIAN REFUGEES OCTOBER 2013. Introduction Introduction THE HASHEMITE KINGDOM OF JORDAN MINISTRY OF PLANNING AND INTERNATIONAL COOPERATION IMPACT OF HOSTING SYRIAN REFUGEES OCTOBER 2013 Events in Syria have been impacting the stability of the region,

More information

IRRIGATION PROJECTS IMPLEMENTED BY FAO IN LEBANON

IRRIGATION PROJECTS IMPLEMENTED BY FAO IN LEBANON IRRIGATION PROJECTS IMPLEMENTED BY FAO IN LEBANON Elie Choueiri 4 th Beirut Water Week NDU- Louaize, 22 February 2013 COPING WITH WATER SCARCITY PROGRAMME Flagship programme of cooperation between Italy

More information

International Commission On Large Dams Environment August 2000. A Viewpoint from the International Commission on Large Dams

International Commission On Large Dams Environment August 2000. A Viewpoint from the International Commission on Large Dams Dams and the International Commission On Large Dams Environment August 2000 A Viewpoint from the International Commission on Large Dams Dams Help Manage Water A Critical Resource Water is a critical natural

More information

First Hungarian National Environmental Technology Innovation Strategy (NETIS)

First Hungarian National Environmental Technology Innovation Strategy (NETIS) First Hungarian National Environmental Technology Innovation Strategy (NETIS) Ms. Teodóra KRISTÓF Ministry of Rural Development / Department of Environmental Development Policy, Hungary Berlin, 4 December

More information

Status of the World s Soil Resources

Status of the World s Soil Resources 5 December 2015 Status of the World s Soil Resources The Intergovernmental Technical Panel on Soils (ITPS), the main scientific advisory body to the Global Soil Partnership (GSP) hosted by the Food and

More information

Water at a Glance The relationship between water, agriculture, food security and poverty

Water at a Glance The relationship between water, agriculture, food security and poverty Water at a Glance The relationship between water, agriculture, food security and poverty 01 basic facts The world contains an estimated 1 400 million cubic km of water. Only 0.003% of this vast amount,

More information

Water Use in Indian Industry Survey

Water Use in Indian Industry Survey Water Use in Indian Industry Survey FICCI Water Mission New Delhi September, 2011 Water Risk in Indian Industry Survey Page 1 Water use across various sectors in India is on the rise. Various estimates

More information

SALIENT FEATURES OF ENVIRONMENTAL LAWS IN THE FEDERAL DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC OF ETHIOPIA

SALIENT FEATURES OF ENVIRONMENTAL LAWS IN THE FEDERAL DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC OF ETHIOPIA SALIENT FEATURES OF ENVIRONMENTAL LAWS IN THE FEDERAL DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC OF ETHIOPIA 1. OVERVIEW OF THE STATE OF THE ENVIRONMENT The rural environment in Ethiopia is endowed with farmlands, lakes, rivers,

More information

INTENDED NATIONALLY DETERMINED CONTRIBUTIONS (INDCs)

INTENDED NATIONALLY DETERMINED CONTRIBUTIONS (INDCs) UNITED REPUBLIC OF TANZANIA INTENDED NATIONALLY DETERMINED CONTRIBUTIONS (INDCs) 1. Introduction The United Republic of Tanzania, which comprises of Tanzania Mainland and Zanzibar, brings forth her Intended

More information

Sihwa Tidal Power Plant: a success of environment and energy policy in Korea

Sihwa Tidal Power Plant: a success of environment and energy policy in Korea Sihwa Tidal Power Plant: a success of environment and energy policy in Korea May 2007 Prof. Nohyoung Park Korea University Energy Situations in Korea Korea started its industrial development in the 1970s,

More information

Socio-Economic Impacts of Climate Change in Afghanistan Executive Summary

Socio-Economic Impacts of Climate Change in Afghanistan Executive Summary Socio-Economic Impacts of Climate Change in Afghanistan Executive Summary CNTR- 08 8507 DFID CNTR 08 8507 Executive Summary Socio-Economic Impacts of Climate Change in Afghanistan A Report to the Department

More information

The murky future of global water quality

The murky future of global water quality IFPRI INTERNATIONAL FOOD POLICY RESEARCH INSTITUTE The murky future of global water quality New global study projects rapid deterioration in water quality A WHITE PAPER BY VEOLIA & IFPRI The world is on

More information

Water: The Environmental Outlook to 2050

Water: The Environmental Outlook to 2050 Water: The Environmental Outlook to 2050 Helen Mountford Deputy Director, OECD Environment Directorate OECD Global Forum on Environment: Making Water Reform Happen 25-26 October 2011, Paris OECD Environmental

More information

Local Water Supply, Sanitation and Sewage

Local Water Supply, Sanitation and Sewage Local Water Supply, Sanitation and Sewage Country Report Turkey November 2005 "This report has been produced with the assistance of the European Union. The contents of this document is the sole responsibility

More information

climate science A SHORT GUIDE TO This is a short summary of a detailed discussion of climate change science.

climate science A SHORT GUIDE TO This is a short summary of a detailed discussion of climate change science. A SHORT GUIDE TO climate science This is a short summary of a detailed discussion of climate change science. For more information and to view the full report, visit royalsociety.org/policy/climate-change

More information

Chapter D9. Irrigation scheduling

Chapter D9. Irrigation scheduling Chapter D9. Irrigation scheduling PURPOSE OF THIS CHAPTER To explain how to plan and schedule your irrigation program CHAPTER CONTENTS factors affecting irrigation intervals influence of soil water using

More information

Intended Nationally Determined Contribution

Intended Nationally Determined Contribution Department of Environment Islamic Republic of Iran Intended Nationally Determined Contribution 19 November 2015 National Climate Change Committee: Iran INDC, page 1 1. Introduction The Islamic Republic

More information

Department of Environmental Engineering

Department of Environmental Engineering Department of Environmental Engineering Master of Engineering Program in Environmental Engineering (International Program) M.Eng. (Environmental Engineering) Plan A Option 1: (1) Major courses: minimum

More information

Protocol on Water and Health

Protocol on Water and Health UNITED NATIONS ECONOMIC COMMISSION FOR EUROPE WORLD HEALTH ORGANIZATION REGIONAL OFFICE FOR EUROPE Protocol on Water and Health In the late nineteenth century, great progress was made in terms of water,

More information

Jordan s Water Resources: Challenges for the Future Stephen Nortcliff Gemma Carr Robert B. Potter Khadija Darmame

Jordan s Water Resources: Challenges for the Future Stephen Nortcliff Gemma Carr Robert B. Potter Khadija Darmame Jordan s Water Resources: Challenges for the Future Stephen Nortcliff Gemma Carr Robert B. Potter Khadija Darmame Geographical Paper No. 185 Jordan s Water Resources: Challenges for the Future Geographical

More information

Building Resilient Infrastructure for the 21 st Century

Building Resilient Infrastructure for the 21 st Century Building Resilient Infrastructure for the 21 st Century 1 Maria Mehranian Cordoba Corporation & Los Angeles Regional Water Quality Control Board October 19, 2014 24 th Annual Lake Arrowhead Symposium:

More information

septic systems What is a Septic System? How does a Septic System Work?

septic systems What is a Septic System? How does a Septic System Work? septic systems What is a Septic System? A septic system is a private sewage treatment system. They are common in rural areas where there are no municipal sewage pipes for homes, farms, businesses or other

More information

Water Security : Experts Propose a UN Definition on Which Much Depends

Water Security : Experts Propose a UN Definition on Which Much Depends Embargo: 9 am EDT, Friday March 22 World Water Day 2013 International Year of Water Cooperation Contacts: Mr. Terry Collins, +1-416-538-8712; +1-416-878-8712; tc@tca.tc Advance interviews are available.

More information

DIVISION D ELECTRICITY, GAS, WATER AND WASTE SERVICES

DIVISION D ELECTRICITY, GAS, WATER AND WASTE SERVICES The Electricity, Gas, Water and Waste Services Division comprises units engaged in the provision of electricity; gas through mains systems; water; drainage; and sewage services. This division also includes

More information

CLIMATE CHANGE AND INTERNATIONAL SECURITY. Paper from the High Representative and the European Commission to the European Council

CLIMATE CHANGE AND INTERNATIONAL SECURITY. Paper from the High Representative and the European Commission to the European Council S113/08 14 March 2008 CLIMATE CHANGE AND INTERNATIONAL SECURITY Paper from the High Representative and the European Commission to the European Council I INTRODUCTION The risks posed by climate change are

More information

WATER: ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE Syllabus

WATER: ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE Syllabus WATER: ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE Syllabus Course Title Water: Environmental Science Course Description Central to all ecosystems, water is essential to life as we know it. It shapes our planet on every level,

More information

Climate Change Impacts in the Asia/Pacific Region

Climate Change Impacts in the Asia/Pacific Region Climate Change Impacts in the Asia/Pacific Region Global CC threat CC in the A/P region The Stern Review and IPCC 4 th Assessment Report both state that climate change will have adverse impact on people

More information