1. *What are the structures of the Skeletal System? a. b. b. c.

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1 HEALTH SCIENCE I CTEC PORTIFOLIO REQUIREMENTS (*Bold italicize print indicates Essential Questions) Skeletal System 1. *What are the structures of the Skeletal System? a. b. b. c. 2. What are the structures of long bones? a. b. c. d. e. f. 3. What are the structures of the Axial Skeleton a. b. c. and 4. What are the structures of the Appendicular Skeleton? a. girdle b. c. d. girdle e. f. 5. What are the classes of Joints? a b. c. 6. *List five functions of the skeletal system: (use complete sentences) a. b. c. d. e.

2 7. What is an osteocyte, and what are the functions of the organic and inorganic materials of osteocytes? 8. *Define the following disorders and list their related treatments: a. Osteoarthritis: b. Rheumatoid Arthritis: c. Osteoporosis: d. Open Fracture e. Closed Fracture 9. *How does the Skeletal System relate to the body s support and movement? (Essay with complete sentences)

3 MUSCULAR SYSTEM 1. *What are the structures of the muscular system? A. a. b. c. d. B. a. b. 2. *What are the characteristics of muscles? A. B. C. D. E. F. 3. Define: Atrophy: Hypertrophy: _ Origin: Insertion: 4. *What are the functions of the Muscular System? A. B. C. 5. The functional unit of the muscle is the. 6. A muscle contraction occurs when the muscle. 7. Structures called allows for uniform contraction of the cardiac muscle. 8. In order to supply energy and heat, the body converts stored into glucose. 9. A fibrous tissue connecting Skeletal Muscle to bone is.

4 10. *Define the following disorders and their treatments: 1. Fibromyalgia 2. Hernia _ 3. Muscular Sclerosis 4. Myasthenia Gravis 5. Strain 6. Tetanus 11. *Summarize how the Muscular System relates to the body s support and movement:

5 RESPIRATORY SYSTEM 1. *List the structures of the UPPER Respiratory System and their related parts: i ii iii. iv. v. vi. vii. 2. What are the structures of the LOWER Respiratory System? i apex 6. _base ii. iii. 3. Fill in the blanks with the structure of the respiratory system that is described in the statement. i. Air enters the nostrils, or, which is divided into two chambers by a partition known as the. ii., or small hairs located in the nose. iii. The serves as a common passageway for air and food. iv. The, a cartilage lid, covers the opening into the larynx.

6 v. The tube-like passageway which extends from the larynx, passes in front of the esophagus, and continues to form two bronchi is the. iv. The inner surfaces of the are covered with a lipid material known as surfactant. vii. The lung is larger and broader than the lung due to the location of the heart. vii. The four cavities of the skull in and around the nasal region are called. ix. The structure situated between the lungs along the median plane of the thorax is known as the. x. The fluid is located in the thoracic cavity between the chest wall and the lungs. 4. *Functions of the structures of the respiratory system: i. ii. iii. iv. v. vi. vii. viii. 5. *What are the functions of the Respiratory System? i ii. 6. *Define the following Respiratory Disorders and their related treatments: i. Asthma ii. Bronchitis

7 iii. Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease iv. Emphysema v. Influenza vi. Pneumothorax vii. Tuberculosis 7. *Use your own words to respond the questions about the control of breathing. ii. Where is the body s respiratory center located? What is the name of the structure? ii. Describe the major function of the phrenic nerves. iii. Explain how the level of oxygen and carbon dioxide in the blood will trigger the respiratory center. iv. Chemical regulators of respiration or chemoreceptors are found in which major arteries in the body? Briefly explain their function. v. Explain how sensory impulses are involved in changing the rhythm of breathing.

8 DIGESTIVE SYSTEM 1. *List the structures of the UPPER Digestive System and their related structures: i Palate 5. Uvula ii. iii. 1. Fundus sphincter 5. sphincter 2. *List the structures of the LOWER Digestive System and their related structures: i ii. iii. iv. v. 1. Cecum 2. Appendix 3. Ascending colon

9 3. Match the terms in Column A to their functions in Column B. Column A Column B Absorption Trypsin Mastication Peristalsis Bile Flatulence Glycogen A. Regulates food passage from the stomach to the duodenum B. Contractions of smooth muscle that helps move food through the digestive tract C. Stores vitamins A, D, and B complex D. Emulsifies fat and is produced by the liver E. Polysaccharide stored in the liver F. Passing of substance into the body tissues & fluids Liver Enzymes Cardiac sphincter Pyloric sphincter Gallbladder Chyme G. Helps digest fatty foods H. Pancreatic enzyme that breaks down proteins into amino acids I. Excessive gas in the digestive tract J. The act of chewing K. Chemical substances that promote chemical reactions during digestion 14. Palate L. Circular muscle; controls passage of food into stomach M. Semi liquid food found in the large intestine 15. Large intestine N. Separates the oral cavity from the nasal cavity O. Water re-absorption

10 4. *Explain the following Digestive System Disorders and their related treatments. Anorexia Disorder Signs & Symptoms Treatment Anorexia Nervosa Cholecystitis Cirrhosis Constipation Diarrhea Gastroenteritis Gastroesophogeal reflux disease Hepatitis Irritable bowel syndrome Peptic ulcers

11 CIRCULATORY AND HEMATOLOGY SYSTEMS 1. Structures of the blood A. 1. Water 2. Proteins a. b. c. 3. Other components a. b. c. d. e. f. B. C. 1. Agranulocytes 2. Granulocytes D. E. Blood types 1. Type 2. Type 3. Type 4. Type F. Rh Factors 2. Structures of the heart A. Chambers B. Valves C. Layers of the Heart D. Major blood vessels 1. a. Superior b. Inferior 2. Pulmonary 3. Pulmonary 4. Vessels of the circulatory system A. Vessels 1. Arteries 2. Veins 3. Capillaries B. Pulse sites List the functions of blood: List the functions of the heart:

12 5. Describe the following Blood disorders and their treatments Disorder Definition Treatment Anemia Contusion Hematoma Embolism Thrombus Erythroblastosis fetalis Coronary artery disease Leukemia Multiple myeloma Polycythemia Septicemia Sickle cell anemia

13 Circulatory System Disorders: FOR REVIEW PURPOSES ONLY. A. Aneurysm B. Angina pectoris C. Arrhythmias D. Arteriosclerosis E. Atherosclerosis F. Coronary artery disease G. Heart failure H. Hypertension I. Murmurs J. Myocardial infarction K. Peripheral vascular disease L. Pulmonary edema M. Transient ischemic attack N. Varicose veins

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