THE SKY AND CONSTELLATION TOUR
|
|
- Nickolas Blake
- 7 years ago
- Views:
Transcription
1 name THE SKY AND CONSTELLATION TOUR USING THE CELESTIAL SPHERE AND CONSTELLATION CHARTS ANONYMOUS "ID", COELIFER ATLAS, 1559, ENGRAVING,? X? CM, IN WILLIAM CUNNINGHAM, THE COSMOGRAPHICAL GLASSE, LONDON, JOHN DAY, Book stored at the Wipple Library at the University of Cambridge. The Sky #1 Lab 3 1
2 PART I FINDING THE POLE STAR a) If this is an evening lab and if the sky is clear go outside and try to find the Big Dipper and Polaris. b) Here is cartoon drawing of a part of the sky without the constellations lines drawn in. After all, that s what the sky looks like! Bright stars are represented by big dots, and fainter stars by smaller ones. In the pattern below find the Big Dipper, Cassiopeia, and Polaris. Play the game of connectthe-dots, and identify the remaining constellations. 2 Lab 3 The Sky
3 PART II THE CELESTIAL SPHERE Have you noticed that the night sky appears to be different if you travel much further north, or south? You still see the same constellations, but they will appear to be at a different location on the night sky. Also, if you follow the stars motions throughout the night, the stars will follow different paths. In this exercise you will learn to how your location on Earth affects where you see Polaris. You will also learn to visualize the motions of the stars on the night sky. 1) Orienting yourself Imagine you are standing somewhere on Earth (let s take Boston), and you are looking up. The point directly above you is the Zenith. Perpendicular to the Zenith, all the way around you is the Horizon. As illustrated in the Figure below, position the Celestial Sphere so that the Zenith of a miniature person standing on the Globe in Boston (see below) point to the same Zenith as you standing in the classroom (turn the Celestial Sphere until Boston is at the top and pointing to the ceiling). Zenith of the person on the Globe in the Celestial Sphere. Points to the top of the ceiling. Your Zenith (Top of Ceiling) You in the astronomy lab looking at the celestial sphere in front of you. The proportions in this Figure are a little off. The Sky #1 Lab 3 3
4 2) Identifying where is what on the CELESTIAL SPHERE Grab on of the Celestial Spheres provided by your instructor. Before you start filling out the Table on the next page make sure you can locate the following on the Celestial Sphere in front of you. a) On that CELESTIAL SPHERE where is The ZENITH and the HORIZON The Earth s EQUATOR and the CELESTIAL EQUATOR The NORTH & SOUTH CELESTIAL POLES b) Which numbers on the CELESTIAL SPHERE are telling you: Your LONGITUDE and LATITUDE The RIGHT ASCENSION and DECLINATION of a stat in your ZENITH What is the ALTITUDE of a Star in your ZENITH (show the angle) c) Chose any star on the CELESTIAL SPHERE, spin the sphere and watch the path of that star. Next, imagine yourself standing on the Globe inside the CELESTIAL SPHERE watch how the star rises above the horizon, reaches its highest, and then sets below the horizon. The path of the star should look somewhat similar to the path of the star in Figure 4 of the Pre-Lab. 3) Correlating various Angles Imagine you are standing on the North Pole, then in a city at a latitude of 60, at 30 degrees and finally at the equator. Identify specific angles and compare these angles to other angles on the Celestial Sphere. Complete the table on the next page. Below is an explanation of the meaning of every column of that table. Column A) Take the CELESTIAL SPHERE and orient it in such a fashion that the EARTH S NORTH POLE points towards the ceiling. Now imagine you re standing on the NORTH POLE (on the small EARTH) and you re looking straight up. Column B) Your LATITUDE. Column C) Locate POLARIS. What is the ALTITUDE of Polaris? Write this into the table. Column D) Identify the ZENITH and the HORIZON on the Celestial Sphere in front of you. Identify a star in your ZENITH. What is the DECLINATION of that star? Column E) Determine the angle between the star in your ZENITH and POLARIS? Column F) Determine the angle between your HORIZON and the CELESTIAL EQUATOR. Column G) Compare the angle between the star in your ZENITH and POLARIS to the angle between your HORIZON and the CELESTIAL EQUATOR. Determine the difference between these angles. Column H) Compare the angle between your HORIZON and the CELESTIAL EQUATOR to your LATITUDE. How are the two angles related? Add both angles and write into the table. Column I) Compare the ALTITUDE of POLARIS to your LATITUDE. Determine the difference between these angles and write that into the table. 4 Lab 3 The Sky
5 A B C D E F G H I Your location Your LATITUDE ALTITUDE of POLARIS DECLINATION of a star in ZENITH ANGLE between POLARIS & ZENITH ANGLE between HORIZON & CELESTIAL EQUATOR DIFFERENCE between ANGLECelEq Hor and ANGLEZen-N SUM of ANGLEHor CelEq and LATITUDE DIFFERENCE between ALTITUDE of POLARIS LATITUDE Symbol LAT ALTN dec ANGLEZen-N ANGLECelEq Hor ANGLEHor CelEq ANGLEHor CelEq ANGLEZen N + LAT ALTN LAT North Pole 90 o Oslo 60 o Washington 30 o Equator 0 o Boston Comment on this table. What correlation do you find in general? Are some of the columns always the same? What is the correlation between your LATITUDE and the ALTITUDE of POLARIS? The Sky 5
6 PART III: THE APPARENT MOTION OF STARS IN THE SKY With the aid of the celestial sphere figure out what the night sky looks like, where the North Pole is relative to your location on Earth, and how the stars appear to move throughout the sky. Use the Celestial Sphere as in Part II, but rotate the Sphere around its axis. This will show you the motion of the stars; where they rise, where they transit (when they are at their highest point), and where they set. For EACH of the four diagrams below, draw the following: a) Using a black pen label the HORIZON, and N, S, E, W on the HORIZON b) Using a blue pen label POLARIS, the N-S AXIS, the CELESTIAL EQUATOR c) Using a red pen label your LATITUDE and the ALTITUDE of POLARIS d) Using a green pen draw the paths of the two stars in ALL FOUR diagrams Zenith Zenith North Pole / 90 Oslo / 60 Zenith Zenith 6 Lab 3 The Sky Washington / 30 Equator / 0
7 PART IV: THE SKY DURING DIFFERENT SEASONS Have you noticed that different stars are visible during different seasons? Let s figure out why this is. Look at the diagram below. Let s ignore the rotation of the EARTH around its own axis (only for now) and consider the motion of the EARTH around the Sun. Imagine that there are some aliens out there on a planet that is still unknown, but that is orbiting around Arcturus. Arcturus is in the constellation Boötes and is visible in the summer. In fact, in the evenings in June it is the brightest star within about 20 degrees of your ZENITH. So if you wanted, you could wave to the aliens. Half a year later, sometime in December, you want to wave at the aliens again but Arcturus is not up. Look at the diagram below, and convince yourself that the sun would blind you when trying to locate Arcturus. You can do this game with any other star too, and the sky appears to change with the seasons. Clearly, the stars do not move but the sky appears to move because of the EARTH s motion around the sun. The Sky Lab 3 7
8 SEASONS & CONSTELLATIONS Let s only consider stars that are in constellations along the ecliptic. The diagram below is the same as the previous diagram. In June, at midnight, when you look towards the ecliptic, you see that Sagittarius is transiting, but if you want to look at Sagittarius in December, you would have to look through the sun, and you d be blinded. 8 Lab 3 The Sky
9 WHICH CONSTELLATION IS UP? 1. The table below summarizes which constellation in the zodiac you would see at midnight. Complete the Table. Month / Date constellation transiting at midnight RIGHT ASCENSION of that constellation Sun would be seen in this constellation June 21 Sagittarius 18 hours Gemini July Capricorn 20 hours Cancer August Aquarius 22 hours Leo September 21 Pisces 0 hours Virgo October Aries 2 hours November Taurus 4 hours December 22 Gemini January February March April May Cancer Leo 2. Answer the following questions: In March, which constellation would you be able to see best at midnight? What is the RA of that constellation? In May, which constellation would transit at midnight? What is the RA of that constellation? Today, which constellation is transiting at midnight? What is the RA of that constellation? In which constellation would you find the sun today? What is the RA of that constellation? 3. Do you get the idea? Explain below how RA correlates with the season. 4. How many hours in RIGHT ASCENSION does each month correspond to? And one week corresponds to hour many minutes in RIGHT ASCENSION? The Sky Lab 3 9
10 PART V USING SKY CHARTS TO OBSERVE THE SKY You will be using all the information you learned in the last section to figure out in during which season and during what time of night you will be able to observe which stars. Use the constellation charts SC-1 and SC-2. In particular check out SC-1. The x-axis corresponds to right ascension (RA), and the y-axis to declination (DEC). We said previously, that stars with a RA of 0 hours will be transiting on September 21 at midnight. But let s assume we want to observe at 8 p.m. at night, i.e., 4 hours before midnight. Thus stars with a RA of -4 hours, or with an RA of 20 hours (i.e., 24-4 = 20 hours) will be transiting. Now check the SC-1 chart. On the x-axis you see RA. Find all stars that have an RA of 20 hours. Below 20h on the x-axis you find a date (in a smaller script) - it says September 20. So at 8 p.m. in the evening of September 20, stars with an RA of 20 hours are transiting. Using the previous Table and/or the SC-1 chart answer the following questions: [Note the SC-1 chart shows transits at 8pm, not at midnight!] Write down today s date. Which stars are transiting at 8 p.m. today? Which stars are transiting at 8 p.m. on August 21? Give the name of a star that will transit today at 10 p.m.: Give the name of a star that will transit on August 21 at 10 p.m.: Which constellation is transiting at midnight on June 21? Which constellation is transiting at 2AM on June 21? Which constellation is rising at 2AM on June 21? Which constellation is setting at 2AM on June 21? On which date will Capella transit at midnight? On which date will it transit at 8 p.m.? At which time will Capella transit today? At what time, today, will Betelgeuse transit? At what time, today, will the Andromeda Galaxy (M31) transit? 10 Lab 3 The Sky
11 QUIZ QUESTION #1 (This is the type of question that could come up in a test) Hold the picture at arms length right in front of you. Imagine that this picture is part of the landscape in front of you. Imagine that the top of the picture somewhat curves around you. Image that the Horizon in that picture corresponds to your own Horizon. Image taken from the Anglo Australian Observatory at 1. Where (at what latitude) was this picture taken? Explain how you arrived at that answer. [You may consult your textbook. Check out the diagrams with the star trails.] 2. Which hemisphere are you looking at? Explain. 3. The shutter of the camera was left open for several hours for how long? Explain. The Sky Lab 3 11
12 1) Label the following quantities: the NORTH and SOUTH CELESTIAL POLES; your HORIZON; your ZENITH; your N, S, E, W; the MERIDIAN; and the CELESTIAL EQUATOR. 2) Draw the paths of the five stars in the diagram. Also draw arrows showing the direction of motion. 3) Indicate which stars are always visible, which stars are sometimes visible, and which are never visible. Always Sometimes Never 4) Take a red pen and draw the altitude of Polaris (an angle). Then draw the latitude of the observer in the picture. QUIZ QUESTION #2 5) Take blue pen and draw angle Polaris-to-Zenith and the angle Celestial Equator-to-Horizon. What can you say about those angles? 6) Next add the altitude of Polaris to the angle Polaris-to-Zenith. What do you get? Then add your Latitude to the angle Polaris-to-Zenith. What do you get? 7) Compare both answers of question 6. What can you say about those angles? 8) What would happen to those angles as you travel North (i.e., as you increase your latitude?) 9) Comment on how the altitude of Polaris changes in relation to your latitude as you travel North. 12 Lab 3 The Sky
13 1. Explain the purpose of the Lab. LAB-REPORT HAND IN THE ENTIRE LAB. FOR EXTRA CREDIT DO SKY LAB #2. 2.Let s daydream a little. Imagine your friend invites you on a sailing trip. It s beautiful weather, and you re having a good time. Then night sets in and you decide to sail a more, but the GPS brakes down Your friend is totally lost, but you are not a) Explain how you would find POLARIS. b) But that s not all you can also tell your friend where you are on EARTH. Explain how you would determine your LATITUDE. (hint: look at the table.) The Sky Lab 3 13
14 c) Outline a method of how you could measure that angle. d) Your friend is taken aback but is not sure whether to believe you. So, you have to convince your friend that you are indeed correct. EXPLAIN WHY there is a correlation between your LATITUDE and the ALTITUDE of Polaris (a diagram may also help). 3. Now you travel to Mexico. Explain in your own words how the sky in Mexico City looks different from the sky in New York. Comment on the location of Polaris and on the paths of the stars at night. 14 Lab 3 The Sky
The Size & Shape of the Galaxy
name The Size & Shape of the Galaxy The whole lab consists of plotting two graphs. What s the catch? Aha visualizing and understanding what you have plotted of course! Form the Earth Science Picture of
More informationBasic Coordinates & Seasons Student Guide
Name: Basic Coordinates & Seasons Student Guide There are three main sections to this module: terrestrial coordinates, celestial equatorial coordinates, and understanding how the ecliptic is related to
More informationAST 114 Spring 2016 Introduction to the Night Sky INTRODUCTION TO THE NIGHT SKY
NAME: INTRODUCTION TO THE NIGHT SKY What will you learn in this Lab? This lab will introduce you to the layout of the night sky: constellations and stars, their names and the patterns they make, and the
More informationObserving the Constellations of the Zodiac
Observing the Constellations of the Zodiac Activity UCIObs 3 Grade Level: 8 12 Source: Copyright (2009) by Tammy Smecker Hane. Contact tsmecker@uci.edu with any questions. Standards:This activity addresses
More informationCELESTIAL CLOCK - THE SUN, THE MOON, AND THE STARS
INTRODUCTION CELESTIAL CLOCK - THE SUN, THE MOON, AND THE STARS This is a scientific presentation to provide you with knowledge you can use to understand the sky above in relation to the earth. Before
More informationOrientation to the Sky: Apparent Motions
Chapter 2 Orientation to the Sky: Apparent Motions 2.1 Purpose The main goal of this lab is for you to gain an understanding of how the sky changes during the night and over the course of a year. We will
More informationThe Celestial Sphere. Questions for Today. The Celestial Sphere 1/18/10
Lecture 3: Constellations and the Distances to the Stars Astro 2010 Prof. Tom Megeath Questions for Today How do the stars move in the sky? What causes the phases of the moon? What causes the seasons?
More informationCelestial Observations
Celestial Observations Earth experiences two basic motions: Rotation West-to-East spinning of Earth on its axis (v rot = 1770 km/hr) (v rot Revolution orbit of Earth around the Sun (v orb = 108,000 km/hr)
More informationStellarium a valuable resource for teaching astronomy in the classroom and beyond
Stellarium 1 Stellarium a valuable resource for teaching astronomy in the classroom and beyond Stephen Hughes Department of Physical and Chemical Sciences, Queensland University of Technology, Gardens
More informationCelestial Sphere. Celestial Coordinates. Lecture 3: Motions of the Sun and Moon. ecliptic (path of Sun) ecliptic (path of Sun)
Lecture 3: Motions of the and Moon ecliptic (path of ) ecliptic (path of ) The 23.5 degree tilt of Earth s spin axis relative to its orbital axis around the causes the seasons Celestial Sphere Celestial
More information1-2. What is the name given to the path of the Sun as seen from Earth? a.) Equinox b.) Celestial equator c.) Solstice d.
Chapter 1 1-1. How long does it take the Earth to orbit the Sun? a.) one sidereal day b.) one month c.) one year X d.) one hour 1-2. What is the name given to the path of the Sun as seen from Earth? a.)
More informationEDMONDS COMMUNITY COLLEGE ASTRONOMY 100 Winter Quarter 2007 Sample Test # 1
Instructor: L. M. Khandro EDMONDS COMMUNITY COLLEGE ASTRONOMY 100 Winter Quarter 2007 Sample Test # 1 1. An arc second is a measure of a. time interval between oscillations of a standard clock b. time
More informationPhases of the Moon. Preliminaries:
Phases of the Moon Sometimes when we look at the Moon in the sky we see a small crescent. At other times it appears as a full circle. Sometimes it appears in the daylight against a bright blue background.
More informationCoordinate Systems. Orbits and Rotation
Coordinate Systems Orbits and Rotation Earth orbit. The earth s orbit around the sun is nearly circular but not quite. It s actually an ellipse whose average distance from the sun is one AU (150 million
More informationFinding Stars and Constellations Earth & Sky
Finding Stars and Constellations Earth & Sky Name: Introduction If you carefully watched the night sky over a period of time, you would notice that it s not always the same. There are certain changes that
More informationNewton s Law of Gravity
Gravitational Potential Energy On Earth, depends on: object s mass (m) strength of gravity (g) distance object could potentially fall Gravitational Potential Energy In space, an object or gas cloud has
More informationINDEPENDENT PROJECT: The Spring Night Sky
INDEPENDENT PROJECT: The Spring Night Sky Your Name: What is the difference between observing and looking? As John Rummel said to the Madison Astronomical Society, January 11, 2002: Looking implies a passive
More informationASTR 1030 Astronomy Lab 65 Celestial Motions CELESTIAL MOTIONS
ASTR 1030 Astronomy Lab 65 Celestial Motions CELESTIAL MOTIONS SYNOPSIS: The objective of this lab is to become familiar with the apparent motions of the Sun, Moon, and stars in the Boulder sky. EQUIPMENT:
More informationLunar Phase Simulator Student Guide
Name: Lunar Phase Simulator Student Guide Part I: Background Material Answer the following questions after reviewing the background pages for the simulator. Page 1 Introduction to Moon Phases Is there
More informationLab Activity on the Causes of the Seasons
Lab Activity on the Causes of the Seasons 2002 Ann Bykerk-Kauffman, Dept. of Geological and Environmental Sciences, California State University, Chico * Objectives When you have completed this lab you
More informationA Dialogue Box. dialogue box.
The Sky An introduction and review 1. Open TheSky (version 6, the blue icon). The screen should show the view of the sky looking due south. Even if the sun is above the horizon, the sky will look black
More informationSolar Angles and Latitude
Solar Angles and Latitude Objectives The student will understand that the sun is not directly overhead at noon in most latitudes. The student will research and discover the latitude ir classroom and calculate
More informationReasons for Seasons. Question: TRUE OR FALSE. Question: TRUE OR FALSE? What causes the seasons? What causes the seasons?
Reasons for Seasons Question: TRUE OR FALSE? Earth is closer to the Sun in summer and farther from the Sun in winter. Question: TRUE OR FALSE? Earth is closer to the Sun in summer and farther from the
More informationStarMaster Viewer. Copyright by the Lunar and Planetary Institute, 2008 LPI Contribution Number 1450 http://www.lpi.usra.edu/education/space_days
StarMaster Viewer A constellation is a grouping of stars that appears to form a pattern or picture. Constellations help people orient themselves using the night sky by appearing as recognizable organizations
More informationPre and post-visit activities - Navigating by the stars
Pre and post-visit activities - Navigating by the stars Vocabulary List Adult Education at Scienceworks Pre-visit Activity 1: What is longitude and latitude? Activity 2: Using the Southern Cross to find
More informationINDEPENDENT PROJECT: The Spring Night Sky
INDEPENDENT PROJECT: The Spring Night Sky Your Name: What is the difference between observing and looking? As John Rummel said to the Madison Astronomical Society, January 11, 2002: Looking implies a passive
More informationStar signs and horoscopes
Star signs and horoscopes Looking at constellations * 54 time 70 minutes learning outcomes To: recognise the star signs in horoscopes know that the star signs are part of the zodiac know that the stars
More informationSeasons on Earth LESSON
LESSON 4 Seasons on Earth On Earth, orange and red autumn leaves stand out against the blue sky. NATIONAL OCEANIC AND ATMOSPHERIC ADMINISTRATION (NOAA) PHOTO LIBRARY/NOAA CENTRAL LIBRARY INTRODUCTION Nearly
More informationAn Introduction to Astronomy and Cosmology. 1) Astronomy - an Observational Science
An Introduction to Astronomy and Cosmology 1) Astronomy - an Observational Science Why study Astronomy 1 A fascinating subject in its own right. The origin and Evolution of the universe The Big Bang formation
More informationLesson 1: Phases of the Moon
Lesson 1: Phases of the Moon The moon takes 29.5 days to revolve around the earth. During this time, the moon you see in the sky appears to change shape. These apparent changes, which are called phases,
More informationEARTH'S MOTIONS. 2. The Coriolis effect is a result of Earth's A tilted axis B orbital shape C revolution D rotation
EARTH'S MOTIONS 1. Which hot spot location on Earth's surface usually receives the greatest intensity of insolation on June 21? A Iceland B Hawaii C Easter Island D Yellowstone 2. The Coriolis effect is
More informationCELESTIAL MOTIONS. In Charlottesville we see Polaris 38 0 above the Northern horizon. Earth. Starry Vault
CELESTIAL MOTIONS Stars appear to move counterclockwise on the surface of a huge sphere the Starry Vault, in their daily motions about Earth Polaris remains stationary. In Charlottesville we see Polaris
More informationExercise 5.0 LUNAR MOTION, ELONGATION, AND PHASES
Exercise 5.0 LUNAR MOTION, ELONGATION, AND PHASES I. Introduction The Moon's revolution in orbit around the center of gravity (barycenter) of the Earth- Moon System results in an apparent motion of the
More informationWhere on Earth are the daily solar altitudes higher and lower than Endicott?
Where on Earth are the daily solar altitudes higher and lower than Endicott? In your notebooks, write RELATIONSHIPS between variables we tested CAUSE FIRST EFFECT SECOND EVIDENCE As you increase the time
More informationCOASTLINING THE ZODIAC
COASTLINING THE ZODIAC Astronomy books and skywatching guides offer a wide variety of charts for naked-eye observation of the skies. What works best for each person will depend on various factors such
More informationMeasuring Your Latitude from the Angle of the Sun at Noon
Measuring Your Latitude from the Angle of the Sun at Noon Background: You can measure your latitude in earth's northern hemisphere by finding out the altitude of the celestial equator from the southern
More informationFIRST GRADE 1 WEEK LESSON PLANS AND ACTIVITIES
FIRST GRADE 1 WEEK LESSON PLANS AND ACTIVITIES UNIVERSE CYCLE OVERVIEW OF FIRST GRADE UNIVERSE WEEK 1. PRE: Describing the Universe. LAB: Comparing and contrasting bodies that reflect light. POST: Exploring
More informationMotions of Earth LEARNING GOALS
2 Patterns in the Sky Motions of Earth The stars first found a special place in legend and mythology as the realm of gods and goddesses, holding sway over the lives of humankind. From these legends and
More informationGETTING STARTED IN STAR GAZING. The fact you are here in this introductory session says you have an interest in the hobby of
GETTING STARTED IN STAR GAZING by Nelson Tilden Sun City Oro Valley Astronomy Club The fact you are here in this introductory session says you have an interest in the hobby of astronomy, but please note
More informationSun Earth Relationships
1 ESCI-61 Introduction to Photovoltaic Technology Sun Earth Relationships Ridha Hamidi, Ph.D. Spring (sun aims directly at equator) Winter (northern hemisphere tilts away from sun) 23.5 2 Solar radiation
More informationMotions of the Earth. Stuff everyone should know
Motions of the Earth Stuff everyone should know Earth Motions E W N W Noon E Why is there day and night? OR Why do the Sun and stars appear to move through the sky? Because the Earth rotates around its
More informationCycles in the Sky. Teacher Guide: Cycles in the Sky Page 1 of 8 2008 Discovery Communications, LLC
Cycles in the Sky What is a Fun damental? Each Fun damental is designed to introduce your younger students to some of the basic ideas about one particular area of science. The activities in the Fun damental
More informationThe Reasons for the Seasons
The Reasons for the Seasons (The Active Learning Approach) Materials: 4 Globes, One light on stand with soft white bulb, 4 flashlights, Four sets of "Seasons" Cards, Four laminated black cards with 1 inch
More informationAstrology: Fact or Fiction? 50-60 minutes, for 9th-12th grades
Astrology: Fact or Fiction? 50-60 minutes, for 9th-12th grades Notice This lesson plan was created by Digitalis Education Solutions (DigitalisEducation.com) and is provided free of charge as a public service
More informationMotions of Earth, Moon, and Sun
Motions of Earth, Moon, and Sun Apparent Motions of Celestial Objects An apparent motion is a motion that an object appears to make. Apparent motions can be real or illusions. When you see a person spinning
More informationAstronomy 1140 Quiz 1 Review
Astronomy 1140 Quiz 1 Review Prof. Pradhan September 15, 2015 What is Science? 1. Explain the difference between astronomy and astrology. (a) Astrology: nonscience using zodiac sign to predict the future/personality
More informationThe following words and their definitions should be addressed before completion of the reading:
Seasons Vocabulary: The following words and their definitions should be addressed before completion of the reading: sphere any round object that has a surface that is the same distance from its center
More informationExploration of the Solar System
Exploration of the Solar System I. Phases of the Moon all about perspective. In this section you will use WWT to explore how the moon appears to change phases from our vantage point on Earth over the course
More informationPolar Alignment by Iterating on One Star and Polaris
Polar Alignment by Iterating on One Star and Polaris Michael A. Covington Artificial Intelligence Center The University of Georgia Working paper; this copy printed April 8, 2001 This document is: http://www.covingtoninnovations.com/astro/iterating.pdf
More information1. In the diagram below, the direct rays of the Sun are striking the Earth's surface at 23 º N. What is the date shown in the diagram?
1. In the diagram below, the direct rays of the Sun are striking the Earth's surface at 23 º N. What is the date shown in the diagram? 5. During how many days of a calendar year is the Sun directly overhead
More informationSECOND GRADE 1 WEEK LESSON PLANS AND ACTIVITIES
SECOND GRADE 1 WEEK LESSON PLANS AND ACTIVITIES UNIVERSE CYCLE OVERVIEW OF SECOND GRADE UNIVERSE WEEK 1. PRE: Discovering stars. LAB: Analyzing the geometric pattern of constellations. POST: Exploring
More informationDouglas Adams The Hitchhikers Guide to the Galaxy
There is a theory which states that if ever anybody discovers exactly what the Universe is for and why it is here, it will instantly disappear and be replaced by something even more bizarre and inexplicable.
More informationSolar System. 1. The diagram below represents a simple geocentric model. Which object is represented by the letter X?
Solar System 1. The diagram below represents a simple geocentric model. Which object is represented by the letter X? A) Earth B) Sun C) Moon D) Polaris 2. Which object orbits Earth in both the Earth-centered
More informationShadows, Angles, and the Seasons
Shadows, Angles, and the Seasons If it's cold in winter, why is Earth closer to the Sun? This activity shows the relationship between Earth-Sun positions and the seasons. From The WSU Fairmount Center
More informationTropical Horticulture: Lecture 2
Lecture 2 Theory of the Tropics Earth & Solar Geometry, Celestial Mechanics The geometrical relationship between the earth and sun is responsible for the earth s climates. The two principal movements of
More informationFull credit for this chapter to Prof. Leonard Bachman of the University of Houston
Chapter 6: SOLAR GEOMETRY Full credit for this chapter to Prof. Leonard Bachman of the University of Houston SOLAR GEOMETRY AS A DETERMINING FACTOR OF HEAT GAIN, SHADING AND THE POTENTIAL OF DAYLIGHT PENETRATION...
More informationNight Sky III Planetary Motion Lunar Phases
Night Sky III Planetary Motion Lunar Phases Astronomy 1 Elementary Astronomy LA Mission College Spring F2015 Quotes & Cartoon of the Day Everything has a natural explanation. The moon is not a god, but
More informationStellar, solar, and lunar demonstrators
Stellar, solar, and lunar demonstrators Rosa M. Ros, Francis Berthomieu International Astronomical Union, Technical University of Catalonia (Barcelona, España), CLEA (Nice, France) Summary This worksheet
More informationAstrock, t he A stronomical Clock
Astrock, t he A stronomical Clock The astronomical clock is unlike any other clock. At first glance you ll find it has similar functions of a standard clock, however the astronomical clock can offer much
More informationExam # 1 Thu 10/06/2010 Astronomy 100/190Y Exploring the Universe Fall 11 Instructor: Daniela Calzetti
Exam # 1 Thu 10/06/2010 Astronomy 100/190Y Exploring the Universe Fall 11 Instructor: Daniela Calzetti INSTRUCTIONS: Please, use the `bubble sheet and a pencil # 2 to answer the exam questions, by marking
More informationToday FIRST HOMEWORK DUE NEXT TIME. Seasons/Precession Recap. Phases of the Moon. Eclipses. Lunar, Solar. Ancient Astronomy
Today FIRST HOMEWORK DUE NEXT TIME Seasons/Precession Recap Phases of the Moon Eclipses Lunar, Solar Ancient Astronomy How do we mark the progression of the seasons? We define four special points: summer
More informationNight Observing Project I OBSERVING THE NIGHT SKY THE CONSTELLATIONS
Night Lab #1 Page 1 Night Observing Project I OBSERVING THE NIGHT SKY THE CONSTELLATIONS Note - bring a pencil, eraser, a star chart/wheel/planisphere, and this exercise packet. A. Objectives Learn to
More informationGalaxy Classification and Evolution
name Galaxy Classification and Evolution Galaxy Morphologies In order to study galaxies and their evolution in the universe, it is necessary to categorize them by some method. A classification scheme generally
More informationastronomy 2008 1. A planet was viewed from Earth for several hours. The diagrams below represent the appearance of the planet at four different times.
1. A planet was viewed from Earth for several hours. The diagrams below represent the appearance of the planet at four different times. 5. If the distance between the Earth and the Sun were increased,
More information5- Minute Refresher: Daily Observable Patterns in the Sky
5- Minute Refresher: Daily Observable Patterns in the Sky Key Ideas Daily Observable Patterns in the Sky include the occurrence of day and night, the appearance of the moon, the location of shadows and
More informationUse WITH Investigation 4, Part 2, Step 2
INVESTIGATION 4 : The Sundial Project Use WITH Investigation 4, Part 2, Step 2 EALR 4: Earth and Space Science Big Idea: Earth in Space (ES1) Projects: Tether Ball Pole Sundial Globe and a Light Indoors
More informationHR Diagram Student Guide
Name: HR Diagram Student Guide Background Information Work through the background sections on Spectral Classification, Luminosity, and the Hertzsprung-Russell Diagram. Then complete the following questions
More informationThe ecliptic - Earth s orbital plane
The ecliptic - Earth s orbital plane The line of nodes descending node The Moon s orbital plane Moon s orbit inclination 5.45º ascending node celestial declination Zero longitude in the ecliptic The orbit
More informationExplain the Big Bang Theory and give two pieces of evidence which support it.
Name: Key OBJECTIVES Correctly define: asteroid, celestial object, comet, constellation, Doppler effect, eccentricity, eclipse, ellipse, focus, Foucault Pendulum, galaxy, geocentric model, heliocentric
More informationConstellation Assignment
Name Score Constellation Assignment Before beginning this assignment, you have to have read What Are Constellations, Where Did Constellations Come From, and the Navigation website. Have your teacher initial
More informationEarth-Sun Relationships. The Reasons for the Seasons
Earth-Sun Relationships The Reasons for the Seasons Solar Radiation The earth intercepts less than one two-billionth of the energy given off by the sun. However, the radiation is sufficient to provide
More informationRenewable Energy. Solar Power. Courseware Sample 86352-F0
Renewable Energy Solar Power Courseware Sample 86352-F0 A RENEWABLE ENERGY SOLAR POWER Courseware Sample by the staff of Lab-Volt Ltd. Copyright 2009 Lab-Volt Ltd. All rights reserved. No part of this
More informationChanges in Our Sky Grade Two
Ohio Standards Connection: Earth and Space Sciences Benchmark A Observe constant and changing patterns of objects in the day and night sky. Indicator 2 Observe and describe how the sun, moon and stars
More informationWhich month has larger and smaller day time?
ACTIVITY-1 Which month has larger and smaller day time? Problem: Which month has larger and smaller day time? Aim: Finding out which month has larger and smaller duration of day in the Year 2006. Format
More informationAstronomy. Introduction. Key concepts of astronomy. Earth. Day and night. The changing year
Astronomy Introduction This topic explores the key concepts of astronomy as they relate to: the celestial coordinate system the appearance of the sky the calendar and time the solar system and beyond space
More informationAstronomy Merit Badge Workbook
Merit Badge Workbook This workbook can help you but you still need to read the merit badge pamphlet. The work space provided for each requirement should be used by the Scout to make notes for discussing
More informationAmateur Radio Astronomy Projects Total Power Radio Telescope
Jon Wallace 111 Birden St, Torrington, CT 06790; fjwallace@snet.net Amateur Radio Astronomy Projects Total Power Radio Telescope Build your own radio telescope and copy signals from deep space! My final
More informationThe Lunar Phase Wheel
The Lunar Phase Wheel A lunar phase wheel is a simple device to help you to visualize the positions of the Earth, Moon, and Sun at various times of the day or month, and then predict the phases and the
More informationToday. Solstices & Equinoxes Precession Phases of the Moon Eclipses. Ancient Astronomy. Lunar, Solar FIRST HOMEWORK DUE NEXT TIME
Today Solstices & Equinoxes Precession Phases of the Moon Eclipses Lunar, Solar Ancient Astronomy FIRST HOMEWORK DUE NEXT TIME The Reason for Seasons Hypothesis check: How would seasons in the northern
More informationGeneral Astronomy Phys1810 Fall 2015. Observing Exercises
Observing Exercises You will complete 3 of the following exercises: Exercise 1: Sketching the North Circumpolar Cap (mandatory) Exercise 2: Seasonal Constellations Exercise 3: Telescope Observations Exercise
More informationActivity 3: Observing the Moon
Activity 3: Observing the Moon Print Name: Signature: 1.) KEY. 2.). 3.). 4.). Activity: Since the dawn of time, our closest neighbor the moon has fascinated humans. In this activity we will explore the
More informationHomework Assignment #7: The Moon
Name Homework Assignment #7: The Moon 2008 Ann Bykerk-Kauffman, Dept. of Geological and Environmental Sciences, California State University, Chico * Chapter 21 Origins of Modern Astronomy Motions of the
More informationPOPULATION AND ZODIAC RHYTHMS
POPULATION AND ZODIAC RHYTHMS Didier CASTILLE 56 million French people, as estimated in 1990 from the General Population Census, have been analysed in a descriptive way according to the signs transited
More informationMagnetic Fields and Their Effects
Name Date Time to Complete h m Partner Course/ Section / Grade Magnetic Fields and Their Effects This experiment is intended to give you some hands-on experience with the effects of, and in some cases
More informationwww.mhhe.com/fix Sunrise from Earth orbit by the crew of the STS-47 Space Shuttle Mission. I pray the gods to quit me of my toils,
Confirming Proofs I pray the gods to quit me of my toils, To close the watch I keep this livelong year; For as a watch-dog lying, not at rest, Propped on one arm, upon the palace roof Of Atreus race, too
More informationASTRONOMY 161. Introduction to Solar System Astronomy
ASTRONOMY 161 Introduction to Solar System Astronomy Seasons & Calendars Monday, January 8 Season & Calendars: Key Concepts (1) The cause of the seasons is the tilt of the Earth s rotation axis relative
More informationGeometry and Geography
Geometry and Geography Tom Davis tomrdavis@earthlink.net http://www.geometer.org/mathcircles March 12, 2011 1 Pedagogical Advice I have been leading mathematical circles using this topic for many years,
More informationCelestial Timekeeping and Navigation
BENN689_05_C_PR3_V6_TT.QXD 0/3/07 6:33 AM Page 92 Celestial Timekeeping and Navigation upplementary Chapter LEARNING GOAL. Astronomical Time Periods How do we define the day, month, year, and planetary
More informationPHSC 3033: Meteorology Seasons
PHSC 3033: Meteorology Seasons Changing Aspect Angle Direct Sunlight is more intense and concentrated. Solar Incidence Angle is Latitude and Time/Date Dependent Daily and Seasonal Variation Zenith There
More informationCONTENTS PAGE: 1. EU-UNAWE Mission Statement 3 2. CAPS Life Skills Programme of Assessment 4 5-6
CONTENTS PAGE: 1. EU-UNAWE Mission Statement 3 2. CAPS Life Skills Programme of Assessment 4 5-6 3. Core Knowledge & Content - CAPS Curriculum Life Skills Foundation Phase 4. Learning Outcomes & Definition
More informationHow Do Oceans Affect Weather and Climate?
How Do Oceans Affect Weather and Climate? In Learning Set 2, you explored how water heats up more slowly than land and also cools off more slowly than land. Weather is caused by events in the atmosphere.
More informationAnnouncements. Due Monday, 11:59pm, Sept 9th. Can submit answers (and see score) more than once: persistence pays off!
Announcements Homework 1 posted on Compass Due Monday, 11:59pm, Sept 9th. Can submit answers (and see score) more than once: persistence pays off! Register those iclickers! link on course site Venus/Saturn
More informationSIERRA COLLEGE OBSERVATIONAL ASTRONOMY LABORATORY EXERCISE NUMBER III.F.a. TITLE: ASTEROID ASTROMETRY: BLINK IDENTIFICATION
SIERRA COLLEGE OBSERVATIONAL ASTRONOMY LABORATORY EXERCISE NUMBER III.F.a. TITLE: ASTEROID ASTROMETRY: BLINK IDENTIFICATION DATE- PRINT NAME/S AND INITIAL BELOW: GROUP DAY- LOCATION OBJECTIVE: Use CCD
More informationUsers Guide to the Ecliptic Calendar by Damon Scott, Author of the Ecliptic System
Users Guide to the Ecliptic Calendar by Damon Scott, Author of the Ecliptic System Introduction The currently prevalent method of marking time is called the Gregorian Calendar and is filled with arbitrary
More informationSunlight and its Properties. EE 495/695 Y. Baghzouz
Sunlight and its Properties EE 495/695 Y. Baghzouz The sun is a hot sphere of gas whose internal temperatures reach over 20 million deg. K. Nuclear fusion reaction at the sun's core converts hydrogen to
More informationUsing Photometric Data to Derive an HR Diagram for a Star Cluster
Using Photometric Data to Derive an HR Diagram for a Star Cluster In In this Activity, we will investigate: 1. How to use photometric data for an open cluster to derive an H-R Diagram for the stars and
More informationEarth, Sun and Moon is a set of interactives designed to support the teaching of the QCA primary science scheme of work 5e - 'Earth, Sun and Moon'.
is a set of interactives designed to support the teaching of the QCA primary science scheme of work 5e - ''. Learning Connections Primary Science Interactives are teaching tools which have been created
More informationScience Benchmark: 06 : 01 Standard 01: THE MYSTICAL MOON axis of rotation,
Science Benchmark: 06 : 01 The appearance of the lighted portion of the moon changes in a predictable cycle as a result of the relative positions of Earth, the moon, and the sun. Standard 01: Students
More informationThe Analemma for Latitudinally-Challenged People
The Analemma for Latitudinally-Challenged People Teo Shin Yeow An academic exercise presented in partial fulfillment for the degree of Bachelor of Science with Honours in Mathematics Supervisor : Associate
More informationPlanning Observations
Lab 6: Eclipsing Binary Stars (Due: 2008 Apr 23) Binary Stars Binary stars are systems in which two stars orbit each other under their mutual gravitational interaction. It is commonly claimed that most
More information