Computational Linguistics

Transcription

1 1 Computational Linguistics staff: Bosveld, Bouma, Nederhof (KNAW), Nerbonne, van Noord postdocs: Daciuk, Hammerton, Heeringa, Koeling, Kolliakou, Malouf (KNAW), Nieuweboer, Osborne Ph.D: 3 (intern) + 2 (matching) (extern)

2 2 Recent Past Grammatical Analysis Computational Dialectology Finite State methods Machine Learning

3 3 Grammatical Analysis NWO Programme Language and Speech Technology Spoken Dialogue System for public transport information Language understanding component Sophisticated Linguistic Analysis with an eye for practical detail Out-performed competition in formal evaluation Article in NLE, Dissertation by Koeling

4 4 Grammatical Analysis (2) NWO PIONIER Algorithms for Linguistic Programming Alpino: Wide-coverage computational analysis for Dutch Dependency Structures (as in Corpus of Spoken Dutch project) Maximum Entropy Model for Disambiguation New application of Part-of-speech Tagger Resources: Alpino Treebank Dissertations by Gaustad, Villada, Prins, Van der Beek

5 5 Finite State Techniques Finite State & Optimality Theory (with Gerdemann, Tübingen) Regular approximation of Context Free Grammars (CL 2x, JAIR) Dictionary Construction algorithms (CL) Compact Representation of Language Models (TCS) Software package used for education at various universities (Grammars) Special issue of NLE

6 6 Machine Learning Learning Computational Grammar (TMR Network) Initiated and managed by Groningen shared task: NP-chunking Inductive Logic Programming, Neural Networks, Maximum Entropy With BSC (Groningen-based company): classification Other learning tasks include phonotactics, parse selection, graphemephoneme conversion, word-sense disambiguation, POS-tagging Dissertations by Stoianov, Mullen, Konstantopoulos; special issue JML

7 7 Computational Dialectology Apply string edit distance to model language variation Article in LVAC; Recent dissertation by Heeringa (cum laude) invited keynote lecture at EACL by Nerbonne

8 8 Schiermonnikoog Oosterend Leeuwarden Groningen Grouw Den Burg Assen Staveren Steenwijk Heerhugowaard Urk Itterbeck Hattem Haarlem Amersfoort Delft Lochem Vianen Groesbeek Zevenbergen Middelburg Helmond Kalmthout Venlo Overpelt Brugge Veurne Gent Mechelen Roeselare Geraardsbergen Steenbeek Emmen Kerkrade Tienen Aubel

9 Near Future 9

10 10 Determinants of Dialectal Variation with Meertens Institute 1 post-doc, 2 AIO started at the end of 2003 Model effect of tribal history, geography, settlement size on language variation (German and Dutch) Including lexical and syntactic differences

11 11 Computer-mediated Communication Existing cooperation in instruction Bosveld: Diagrammatic Reasoning Discourse Analysis

12 12 Grammatical Analysis: applications NWO IMIX Question Answering for Dutch Using Dependency Relations 1 post-doc, 2 AIO (+ 1 AIO) cooperation with Spectrum related with projects at KUN, UT, TU, UvA started beginning 2004 Analyze questions and potential answers Dependency structure of question matches better with answer than non-answers Dependency analysis of the question identifies the answer string

13 13 Question top whq whd 1 adv wanneer 0 vc ppart body sv1 hd verb ben 1 su 2 mod 1 obj1 2 np hd verb richt op 4 det det de 2 hd name(org) EEG 3 Wanneer is de EEG opgericht?

14 14 Answer top smain mod pp daartoe 0 hd verb richt op 1 su np mod pp mod adv vervolgens 7 obj1 np svp part op 10 det det de 2 det num zes 3 hd noun lid 4 hd prep in 5 obj1 noun(temp) Daartoe richtten de zes leden in 1957 vervolgens de EEG op. det det de 8 hd name(org) EEG 9

15 15 Grammatical Analysis: opportunities Increasing need for IR, IE, QA applications Availability of resources Wide-coverage Computational Analyzer for Dutch Manually Annotated corpora Machine Annotated corpora (7 million sentences) Corpus Linguistics Lexical Acquisition; Ontology Building

16 16 Grammatical Analysis: challenges Spoken Language Phenomena false starts, repetitions,... prosody Discourse Phenomena Anaphora Proper names tracking

17 17 Organizational Issues Expertise in related fields Phonetics, Speech Recognition Infrastructure Location: people that work together should be located together Computational: HPC has become very important Funding

18 18 Funding CLCG should continue matching policy Increase importance of research for basic funding policy Increase importance of research for filling vacancies Infrastructure is increasingly important for CL