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1 R Fundamentals of Refrigeration R S Basic Math & Measurement (Note each Basic Math section has review questions) Basic Math And Measurement Intro Addition Signs Practical Examples -5 5 Word Problems Calculators and Estimating Fractions Decimals Division Measurements Area and Volume 53-7 R S2 Basic Tools Basic Tools Intro 2 2 Starter Kit Piping Tools Wiring Tools Hammers and Drill Bits Miscellaneous Refrigeration Thermometers Duct Pressure Safety Review Questions (6) R S3 Temperature, Pressure & Heat Transfer History of Refrigeration 2 2 Heat and Cold Facts Temperatures -6 4 Heat Transfer Barometric Pressure Pressure and Boiling Points Absolute pressures Pressure Gauges Pressure / Temperature & Charts Sensible and Latent Heat Pressure Density and Specific Gravity Ice Humidity Review Questions (22) 89- R S4 Introdution to Refrigeration Systems Elementary A/C System 2-2 Four Components Simple A/C System Basic A/C System Terminology of Pressure and Temperature Examples of A/C and Refrigeration Systems Review Questions (3) 4-54 of 9

2 R Fundamentals of Refrigeration - continued R S5 Recovery Gauges Recovery Equipment Vapor Recovery Push-Pull Recovery Evacuated Tank Recovery Recovery Machines Review Questions (8) R S6 Leak Check And Evacuation Introdution 2 2 Standing Pressure Test Using R22 as a Tracer -8 4 Leak Detectors Isolating to Find Leaks Required Leak Repairs 26 7 Evacuation Vacuum Pumps and Equipment Evacuation Procedures Review Questions (9) R S7 Charging Charging Intro 2 2 Disposable Tanks Charging Procedures Condenser Split -5 5 Subcooling Condenser Diagram During Charging Superheat Effects of Low Charge Effects of Overcharge Charging Charts Review Questions (2) R S7 Coil Cleaning Coil Cleaning Intro Cleaners Effective Coil Cleaning "No Rinse" Cleaners 20 5 Coil Treatiments Drain Pan Treatments Review Questions (6) of 9

3 R2 Four Basic Components of a Refrigeration System R2 S Evaporators Objectives 2 2 Types of Coils Evaporator Functions Evaporator Terminologies 0-5 Evaporator Temperature Evaporator TD Humidity TD versus T Superheat Effects of Heat Load 3-35 Review Questions (5) 36-5 R2 S2 Four Basic Components of a Refrigeration System Objectives 2 2 Compressor Functions Reciprocating Compressor Operation Hermetic Compressor Semi-Hermetic Compressor Lubrication Air-Cooled Compressor Valve Plates Copeland Discus Suction Service Valves Discharge Service Valves Replacing a Semi-Hermetic Compressor Compression Ratios Scroll Compressors Rotary Compressors Cenrifugal Compressors Screw Compressors Review Questions (5) R2 S3 Condensers Objectives 2 2 Condenser Functions Condenser Split Subcooling Low Ambient Effects on Condensers 6 6 Fan Cycles Flooded Condensers Condenser Cleaning Micro Channel Technology Water-Cooled Condensers Mineral Deposits Acid Cleaning Water-Cooled Condensers Cooling Towers Condensing Units Review Questions (6) of 9

4 R2 Four Basic Components of a Refrigeration System - continued R2 S4 Metering Devices Functions of Metering Devices 2 2 Thermostatic Expansion Valves (TEV) Superheat TEV for Multi-Circuited Evaporators TEV Bulb Locations "Reading" a Valve TEV Charts TEV Filter Screens Balanced Port TEV Automatic Expansion Valves (AEV) Electronic Expansion Valves (EEV) Fixed Metering Devices Review Questions (2) of 9

5 R3 Controls, Valves, Accessories and Heat Pump R3 S Controls Author's Notes 2 2 Commercial Refrigeration Thermostats Low Pressure Controls High Pressure Controls Fan Cycle Controls Dampers for Head Pressure Conrol Oil Pressure Safety Controls Current Sensing Relay Review Questions (5) R3 S2 Valves Solenoid Valves Pumpdown Hot Gas Bypass Head Pressure Regulationg (HPR) Valve Evaporator Pressure Regulator (EPR) Valves Crankcase Pressure Regulator (CPR) Valve Water Regulating Valves Ball Valve 4 9 Review Questions () R3 S3 Accessories Accessories Intro 2 2 Liquid Line Filter Drier Suction Line Filter Drier Sight Glass Receiver Suction Line Accumulator Oil Separator Heat Exchanger Vibration Absorber Crankcase Heater Review Questions (6) R3 S4 Heat Pumps Heat Pump Basics 2 2 A Really Basic A/C - Heat Pump System Reversing Valve Heat Pump with Piston Heat Pump with TEV Pictures of Heat Pump Outdoor Unit Heat Pump Filter Drier Review Questions (5) of 9

6 R4 Troubleshooting R4 R4 R4 S S2 S3 Enthalpy, Dirty Condensers, Subcooling Enthalpy, Dirty Condensers, Subcooling Intro Basic Enthalpy Chart Add Superheat and Subcooling High Condensing Temperature -3 5 Review Questions (6) 4-20 Diagnosing A/C Systems Diagnosing A/C Systems Intro What is "Normal"? Evaporator Temperature 9 4 Superheat Diagnosis - Fixed Metering & TEV Condenser Temperature Diagnosis Nine (9) A/C System Problems 26 7 Undercharge Overcharge Dirty Condenser Air (Noncondensables) Inefficient Compressor Restricted Metering Device Restriction After the Receiver Restriction Before the Receiver Dirty or Iced Evaporator, or Low Air Flow System Information Diagnostic Chart Sample Problems Review Questions (27) Service Problems Intro Service Problems - A/C Systems Diagnosing Commercial Refrigeration Systems Diagnosing Commercial Refrigeration Systems Intro What is "Normal"? Differences in Reach-in and Walk-ins 0-4 Procedures for Troubleshooting 2 5 Evaporator Temperature 3 6 Superheat Diagnosis Condenser Diagnosis Nine (9) Commercial Refrigeration Problems Undercharge Overcharge Dirty Condenser Air (Noncondensables) in the System Inefficient Compressor Restricted Metering Device Dirty or Iced Evaporator, or Low Air Flow System Information Diagnostic Chart Preview of Sample Problems Review Questions (30) Problems Intro Service Problems - Commercial Refrigeration of 9

7 R4 Troubleshooting - continued R4 S4 Compressor Problems Compressor Problems Intro 2 2 Slugging Flooding on Air Cooled Compressor Flooding on Suction Cooled Compressor Suction Line Frost Flooded Start Overheating Inefficient Compressor Review Questions (2) R4 S5 Diagnosing HPR Valves Diagnosing HPR Valves Intro 2 2 Normal HPR Operations HPR Stuck Closed -2 4 HPR Stuck Open How an Undercharge Affects the HPR 5 6 HPR Diagnostic Chart Review Questions (6) 9-25 R4 S6 Diagnosing Reach-Ins Diagnosing Reach-Ins Intro Operation of Typical Reach-ins Diagnosing with Thermometers Troubleshooting a Reach-in Review Questions (7) 5-22 R4 S7 Diagnosing Noncondensables Diagnosing Noncondensables Intro Overcharge or Noncondensables? Compare Pressure and Temperature Review Questions (9) of 9

8 R5 Advanced Refrigeration R5 S R5 R5 S2 S3 Charging Flooded Condensers Intro Where to Find the Proper Charge 4 3 RTS "Rule of Thumb" Method 5-4 Charging at 70 Ambient Charging at 40 Ambient Charging at 0 Ambient Pictures of Condenser Fill Charging Chart Review Questions (8) Compressor Capacity Control Intro 2 2 Unloading Copeland Unloader Carlyle Unloader Compression Ratio and Discharge Temp Two Stage Compound System Carlyle Compound Compressor Demand Cooling Copeland Ultra Tech Scroll Copeland Digital Scroll Multi-Rack Compressors Hot Gas Bypass Varying Compressor Speeds Review Questions () Supermarket Refrigeration Intro 2 2 Product Temperatures Parallel Rack Systems Oil Separators Case Temperature Control Rack System Controllers Head Pressure Control Evaporator Defrosting Mechanical Subcooling Heat Reclaim Open Display Cases Gravity Coils Installation Leak Detection Electric Expansion Valves (EEV) ECM Motors LED Lighting Secondary Refrigerant Systems Carbon Dioxide Refrigerant Cascade System Review Questions (6) of 9

9 9 of 9 R5 Advanced Refrigeration continued R5 S4 Walk-In Refrigerators and Freezers Intro 2 2 Walk-in Walls, Floors, and Doors Refrigeration Equipment Selection System TD Pipe Sizing Charts Piping Suction Lines Piping Discharge Lines Capacity Control, Oil Return, Double Risers Drain Piping Diagnosing Evaporator Frost Patterns 57-6 Door Curtains Warm Product and Air Flow Glass Door Condensation Medium Temperature Air Defrost Low Temperature Defrost Freezer Defrost Clocks Defrost Termination and Fan Delay Electronic Defrost Clocks Electronic Sensors and Smart Controllers Basic Hot Gas Defrost 0-2 Review Questions (2) 2-33 R5 S5 Ice Machines Intro 2 2 Commercial Ice Basic Cube Ice Machine Operation Manitowoc Sequence of Operation Hoshizaki Ice Maker Flake Ice Machine Vogt Ice Machine Remote Condenser Piping Ice Machine Cleaning Water Filters Condenser Maintenance Ice Machine Warranties 35 3 Troubleshooting Ice Machines Review Questions (0) R5 S6 Chillers Intro Chiller Evaporator Water-Cooled Condenser Chiller Compressors Centrifugal Compressor System Chiller Condensers Variable Frequency Drives Absorption Systems Review Questions (0) R5 S7 Pumpdown 2 Automatic or Continuous Pumpdown One Time or Non-Recyling Pumpdown Review Questions (5) 5-20

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