How are living things similar?

Transcription

1 Lesson 1 Cells Lesson 2 Classifying Life Lesson 3 Plants Lesson 4 Classifying Animals How are living things similar? Lesson 5 Animal Systems

2 organism cell unicellular multicellular chlorophyll tissue organ organ system

3 What are cells? Cells are the smallest units of living things that can carry out the basic processes of life. frog cells amoeba cell

4 What is inside an animal cell? nucleus vacuoles cytoplasm cell membrane mitochondria

5 What is inside a plant cell? mitochondria vacuole nucleus cytoplasm cell membrane chloroplast cell wall

6 How are cells organized? Cells form tissues, tissues form organs, and organs work together in organ systems. cell tissue organ system organ All of the cells, tissues, organs, and organ systems form an organism.

7 Main Idea What is the main difference between the ways unicellular and multicellular organisms are organized? Unicellular organisms perform functions on their own. Multicellular organisms have special cells, tissues, and organs to do tasks.

8 Vocabulary Chlorophyll is able to use the energy in sunlight. Similar cells working together at the same function form a. A is the smallest unit of living things that can carry out the basic processes of life. A group of tissues working together to perform a specific function form an. cell chlorophyll organ tissue

9 Vocabulary Organs that work together to perform a certain function make up an. Multicellular organisms are made of more than one cell. An is a living thing. Unicellular organisms are made of a single cell. multicellular organ system organism unicellular

10 Compare and Contrast How can you tell the difference between a typical plant cell and a typical animal cell? Plant cell: has chloroplasts, cell wall Both: have cell membrane, organelles Animal cell: has many or no vacuoles End of Lesson

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18 organ system (ôr gən sis təm) A group of organs that work together to do a certain job. (p. 28)

19 classification kingdom species vertebrate invertebrate vascular nonvascular

20 How are organisms classified? Kingdom Phylum Scientists classify organisms by sorting them into groups according to shared characteristics. Class Order Family Genus Species

21 What are animals? vertebrates Animal Kingdom invertebrates fish snake sponge dragonfly cow jellyfish

22 What are plants and fungi? nonvascular yeast morels mildew Fungus Plant Kingdom mold vascular rust smut mushrooms liverwort moss flowering plant fern morels penicillin corn smut hornwort pine tree

23 What are bacteria and protists? Bacteria Protist Kingdoms Ancient plantlike Bacteria animal-like True Bacteria fungilike hot springs bacteria red algae rod-shaped E. coli paramecium sphereshaped step spiral shaped orange Lyme disease slime mold

24 What are viruses? Viruses are tiny particles that enter the body of a living thing, take over some of its cells, and cause the organism to get sick.

25 Main Idea Which three kingdoms are mainly multicellular? Mainly unicellular? Multicellular: animals, plants, and fungi Unicellular: protists and bacteria

26 Vocabulary The narrowest group an organism can be classified into is a. The word means contains tubes or vessels. A is an animal with a backbone. Classification has been called the science of finding patterns. classification species vascular vertebrate

27 Vocabulary Nonvascular plants do not have vascular tissue. The broadest group an organism is classified into is a. An is an animal without a backbone. invertebrate kingdom nonvascular

28 Classify How would you classify a multicellular organism that has cell walls but no chlorophyll? Fungi Not a plant Not an animal Does not move, multicellular Does not make its own food End of Lesson

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36 gymnosperm angiosperm xylem phloem cambium photosynthesis transpiration cellular respiration

37 How are plants classified? Plants are classified as vascular or nonvascular. vascular seedless seed no flowers flowers fern horsetail Douglas fir gingko hydrangea gerber daisy

38 What are roots? A root is the part of the plant that absorbs water and minerals, stores food, and anchors the plant. cortex root hair transport vessels root cap epidermis

39 What are stems? Stems are plant parts with two functions: supporting the plant and transporting water, minerals, and sugars to different parts of the plant. xylem cambium phloem woody stem soft stem

40 What are leaves? Leaves are plant parts that carry out the processes of photosynthesis and transpiration. cuticle epidermis vein guard cells stoma phloem xylem

41 What are leaves? 5 Some water evaporates through open stomata. 4 Sugar is then transported in the phloem tissue. 3 Water in the leaves is used to make sugar. transpiration 1 Water enters the plant s roots. 2 Water moves through the xylem tissue up to the leaves. sugar water

42 How are photosynthesis and respiration related? photosynthesis sunlight sugar + oxygen carbon dioxide respiration water

43 Main Idea Why do all plants need air, water, and sunlight? Plants need these raw materials to carry out photosynthesis.

44 Vocabulary Photosynthesis is the process by which a plant makes its own food. Xylem is a series of tubes that moves water and minerals up a plant s stem. Phloem moves sugars that are made in the plant s leaves to other parts of the plant. An is a seed plant that produces flowers. angiosperm phloem photosynthesis xylem

45 Vocabulary Xylem and phloem cells are produced in the. A is a seed plant that does not produce a flower. Energy is released when the cells of organisms use oxygen to break down sugars stored as starch in the process called. The loss of water through a plant s leaves is called. cambium cellular respiration gymnosperm transpiration

46 Draw Conclusions An insect cannot survive in a covered jar, even though the jar contains food and water. When a plant is added to the jar, the insect can now survive. Explain. plant in jar insect gets oxygen End of Lesson

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55 asymmetrical radial symmetry bilateral symmetry monotreme marsupial placental mammal

56 What are simple invertebrates? Most lower invertebrates live in aquatic environments, which are filled with water or are moist. segmented worm roundworm flatworm sponge sea anemone

57 What are complex invertebrates? Some invertebrates have specialized organs and complex body structures.

58 What are vertebrates? Vertebrates are animals that have a backbone, bilateral symmetry, and an endoskeleton.

59 What are mammals? Mammals are warm-blooded animals that produce milk to feed their young. Most mammals have hair or fur.

60 Main Idea What is the main difference between vertebrates and invertebrates? Vertebrates have a backbone and invertebrates do not.

61 Vocabulary Radial symmetry is a body plan in which all body parts of an organism are arranged around a central point. The young of a develops within its mother. A is a pouched animal. marsupial placental mammal radial symmetry

62 Vocabulary A is a mammal that lays eggs. An body plan cannot be divided into mirror images. Bilateral symmetry is a body plan in which an organism can be divide along only one plane of their body to produce two mirror images. asymmetrical bilateral symmetry monotreme

63 Main Idea and Details What characteristics identify birds? warm-blooded Characteristics of Birds two wings End of Lesson

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70 skeletal system muscular system digestive system excretory system respiratory system circulatory system nervous system endocrine system

71 What are the skeletal and muscular systems? vertebrate skull pelvis rib femur

72 What are the digestive and excretory systems? stomach intestines kidneys esophagus liver bladder

73 What are the respiratory and circulatory systems? Two body systems that work together to provide oxygen and food to cells. 3 The oxygen-poor blood is pumped to the lungs. 2 In the lungs, the blood drops off carbon dioxide and picks up oxygen Oxygen-poor blood flows into the heart Oxygen-rich blood flows into the heart. Then it is pumped to the body.

74 What are the nervous and endocrine systems? Two body systems that work together to control physical responses and body activities.

75 Main Idea How are the circulatory, respiratory, skeletal, muscular, and nervous systems put into use when a rabbit runs from danger? Circulatory/respiratory: get blood with oxygen and food to leg muscles Skeletal/muscular: make legs move; nervous: sense danger, coordinate leg movement

76 Vocabulary The vertebrate includes the brain, nerve cord, nerves, and sense organs. The power to actually produce movement is provided by the. The is a long tube in which food is broken down into nutrients an organism can use. The consists of the heart and blood vessels. circulatory system muscular system digestive system nervous system

77 Vocabulary The is made up of bones, tendons, and ligaments. The removes waste products from the body. The of a rabbit is made up of the lungs and the passageways that lead to them. The has glands which produce hormones. endocrine system excretory system respiratory system skeletal system

78 Summarize What steps take place in the rabbit s body to bring blood to the body cells? heart pumps blood travels oxygen in cells steps to bring summary blood to cells End of Lesson

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