APULIA SEEDLESS: DESCRIPTION AND EFFECT OF CULTURAL PRACTICES

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1 Dipartimento Scienze agrarie e forestali Università degli Studi di Palermo APULIA SEEDLESS: DESCRIPTION AND EFFECT OF CULTURAL PRACTICES Pietro Scafidi, Bartolomeo De Tommaso, Cesare La Sorella, Stefano Somma, Rosario Di Lorenzo.

2 DESCRIPTION Apulia is a late season variety IN ITALY: Budbreak (BBCH 08) beginning of April (2-3 days after Crimson) Full bloom (BBCH 65) at mid-may (5-6 days after Crimson) Ripening from late September to mid- October (the grape can stay on the vine until mid-december).

3 DESCRIPTION Very productive (1.76 bunches per shoot) Fertile on the basal buds

4 DESCRIPTION The cluster is natutal long, conical with large shoulders. The rachis is green and strong, the link to the shoot is woody at harvest. Apulia produces red firm berries strongly linked to the rachis (berry removal force: 4.17 N). BUNCH HAS TO BE TRIMMED

5 DESCRIPTION The berry has generally spherical shape, medium size (average mass of 5.5 g), and herbaceous rudimentary seeds. At ripening the taste is neutral, having low total acidity (below 4.6 g/l of Tartaric acid) and a TSS/TA ratio between 25 and 30.

6 EXPERIMENTAL PROCEDURE MATERIAL LOCATION: Soc. Coop. Agricola Ponterosa, Taranto, Italy ROOTSTOCK: 140 Ruggeri TRELLIS SYSTEM: Gable Trellis (2.4m within rows and 3 m between rows) PRUNING SYSTEM: 4 canes of 12 buds IRRIGATION SYSTEM: Drip BUNCHES PER VINE: Adjusted at 45

7 EXPERIMENTAL PROCEDURE METHOD BERRY DIAMETER: 10 and 12 mm (17 June 2013). TREATMENTS 5 ppm CPPU (Sitofex Forclorfenuron 7,5 g/l - AlzChem Trostberg); 5 ppm GA 3 (Gibersol Giberellic Acid 47,8 g/l - CIFO); 5 ppm CPPU + 5 ppm GA 3 Untreated The PGRs were applied directly to the clusters with a handheld sprayer until runoff. Each treatment was randomly replicated three times on three adjacent rows (3 field replicates of 5 vines).

8 METHOD MEASUREMENTS AT HARVEST Berry and bunch weight (g) Berry removal force (N) Berry breaking force (N) required to compress a berry through a needle probe (8 mm diameter) to crack it. Total soluble solids (Brix) Titratable acidity (grams of tartaric acid per 100 ml of juice); Color of skin (CIELAB color system) Means and standard errors were reported. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Tukey s HSD test was used at a 5% level of significance (α=0.05). All statistical analyses were performed using SYSTAT 12

9 RESULTS EFFECT OF PGRS APPLICATIONS ON BERRY CHARACTERISTICS Berry weight (g) d b c a Berry diameter (mm) d b c a

10 RESULTS EFFECT OF PGRS APPLICATIONS ON BUNCH CHARACTERISTICS Bunch weight (g) bc ab b a Nr. of berries per bunch n.s.

11 RESULTS EFFECT OF PGRS APPLICATIONS ON BERRY PHYSICAL PROPERTIES Berry removal force (N) b a b ab Berry breaking force (N) b a c b

12 RESULTS EFFECT OF PGRS APPLICATIONS ON BERRY CHEMICAL PROPERTIES Total Soluble Solids ( Brix) a b a b TSS/TA a b a b

13 RESULTS EFFECT OF PGRS APPLICATIONS ON SKIN BERRY COLOR Lightness (L*) n.s Chroma (C*) n.s Hue angle on the color wheel (h ) n.s

14 CONCLUSIONS PGRs application improved berry weight and diameter. The highest value was recorded under the treatment with 5 ppm CPPU + 5 ppm GA 3 CPPU improved berry removal force and fruit firmness, especially when it was sprayed by its own Soluble solids were decreased by CPPU application, but changes were not enough to change probable harvest date of the fruit It is notable that grapes treated with CPPU or GA3 had essentially the same color as untreated grapes, confirming that Apulia Seedless has good genetic coloring potentiality The combined use of CPPU and GA3 has the potential to improve the quality of Apulia Seedless table grapes because they are generally effective at increasing berry size and the physical properties of the grape and meanwhile the negative effects of CPPU on maturity, and particularly on sugar content and skin color, can be negligible

15 THANK YOU FOR YOUR ATTENTION FOR FURTHER INFORMATION.. Dr. Pietro Scafidi Agricultural Consultant - Agriproject Group Australia p.scafidi@virgilio.it Australian mobile: Italian mobile:

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