Atomic Structure Review

Size: px
Start display at page:

Download "Atomic Structure Review"

Transcription

1 Name: Class: Date: Atomic Structure Review True/False Indicate whether the statement is true or false. 1. A radioactive alkaline earth element s atomic number increases by two after emitting alpha radiation. 2. An alpha particle is the equivalent of a Helium-4 nucleus. 3. In the notation Ag, 107 represents the atomic number and 47 represents the atomic mass of silver. 4. Aristotle named atoms atoms. 5. The stability of a nucleus is determined by the ratio of electrons to protons. 6. A beta particle is a fast moving electron that is emitted when a neutron in an unstable nucleus converts into a proton. 7. An element can be identified by the characteristic bright-line atomic emission spectrum it can produce. 8. The mass of a neutron is approximately equal to the mass of a proton. 9. A proton is a subatomic particle carrying a charge equal to but opposite that of an electron. 10. Energy is found only in specific discrete amounts, called quanta. 11. A nuclear reaction may involve protons, neutrons and electrons. 12. In a neutral atom, the number of protons is equal to the number of neutrons. 13. Isotopes are forms of an element that have the same number of protons but a different number of electrons. 14. Nuclear decay can change one element into another one. Multiple Choice Identify the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question. CONTENT REVIEW 15. The beta decay of 36 Rb produces a. 83 Br. c. Sr b. 86 Rb. d. Kr

2 Name: 16. All nuclear decay is accompanied by emission of a. protons. c. electrons. b. visible light. d. radiation. 17. The half-life of a sample of a radioactive isotope is the time required for half of it to a. undergo oxidation. c. become stable. b. undergo fission. d. decay. 18. Most of the concern about nuclear power plants is with the a. radioactive waste materials. b. large size of reactors. c. high cost. d. limited knowledge about nuclear fission. 19. Quanta are fundamental "pieces" of a. nuclei. c. matter. b. electrons. d. energy. 20. The atomic number of an atom is defined as its a. number of neutrons. c. number of protons. b. number of electrons. d. mass in amu. 21. The symbol 9 F indicates a fluorine atom that contains a. 9 protons and 19 neutrons. c. 9 protons and 10 electrons. b. 19 protons and 9 neutrons d. 9 protons and 10 neutrons. 22. A cathode ray consists of a. neutrons. c. gamma rays. b. electrons. d. protons. 23. The atomic mass unit (amu) is defined in terms of a. hydrogen-1. c. carbon-12. b. oxygen-16. d. carbon The electron was discovered by a. Faraday. c. Millikan. b. Thomson. d. Rutherford. 25. How many of the known elements have at least one unstable isotope? a. only a few c. roughly half b. most of them d. all of them 26. An ion always contains an a. unequal number of protons and electrons. b. equal number of protons and neutrons. c. equal number of protons and electrons. d. unequal number of protons and neutrons. 2

3 Name: 27. Which of the following particles is normally found outside the nucleus of the atom? a. proton c. neutron b. alpha particle d. electron 28. The mass number of an atom is defined as its a. total number of neutrons and protons. c. total number of protons and electrons. b. number of protons. d. mass in amu. 29. An element's identity is based on its a. atomic number. c. atomic mass. b. number of neutrons. d. mass number. 30. Which of the following statements is part of Dalton's atomic theory of matter? a. All atoms of a given element have the same mass. b. All atoms of a given element are identical. c. All atoms differ from one another. d. All atoms are identical. 31. The energy-producing nuclear reaction that takes place between hydrogen atoms in the sun is an example of a. fusion. c. fission. b. beta decay. d. gamma decay. 32. Which one(s) have a mass of 1 amu? a. proton and neutron c. proton b. electron d. electron and proton 33. Which scientist described a positively charged core ( nucleus ) in the middle of a lot of empty space? a. Chadwick c. Thomson b. Bohr d. Rutherford 3

4 Name: Figure Which of the reactions in Figure 24-3 illustrates neutron bombardment? a. a c. c b. d d. b 35. Which of the reactions in Figure 24-3 illustrates nuclear fission? a. a c. d b. c d. b 36. Which of the reactions in Figure 24-3 illustrates alpha decay? a. a c. d b. c d. b 37. Which of the reactions in Figure 24-3 illustrates nuclear fusion? a. d c. a b. c d. b 38. The product of Β-ray emission from a radioactive isotope of lead is a. bismuth c. thallium b. mercury d. lead 39. _ is the combining of nuclei. a. fission c. decay b. fusion d. denaturation 40. Why are boron or cadmium rods used in a nuclear fission reactor? a. to absorb the neutrons produced c. to absorb the alpha emission b. to provide chemical combustion d. to protect people from radiation 4

5 Name: Atoms Atom Protons Neutrons Electrons Which two have the same mass? a. Atoms 1 & 2 c. Atoms 2 & 3 b. Atoms 2 & 4 d. Atoms 1 & Which two are isotopes of one another? a. Atoms 1 & 3 c. Atoms 1 & 2 b. Atoms 1 & 4 d. Atoms 2 & Which is the correct symbol for the atom with 42 protons and 49 neutrons? a. 91 Mo c. 49 In b. 91 Mo d In 44. Which scientist developed the model of the atom shown? a. Bohr c. Rutherford b. Chadwick d. Thomson 45. Which is the number of protons in 26 Fe? a. 82 c. 56 b. 30 d What is the reason for the decay of naturally radioactive elements? a. To reduce the number of either neutrons or protons to lie in the band of stability. b. To reduce the number of neutrons as the elements lie above the band of stability. c. To release the energy from nucleus in the form of gamma radiation. d. To reduce the number of protons as the elements lie below the band of stability. 5

6 Name: Figure Which of the particles a, b, or c in Figure 3-3 is the most massive? a. a c. c b. b d. They each have the same mass. 48. Which of the four particles in the atom illustrated in Figure 3-3 represents a neutron? a. b c. a b. c d. d 49. In Figure 3-3, what is the atom's atomic number? a. 4 c. 3 b. 1 d Which of the particles in Figure 3-3 represents an electron? a. d c. b b. a d. c 51. Which of the particles in Figure 3-3 represents a nucleus? a. d c. c b. b d. a 52. What charge does the structure in Figure 3-3 have? a. 2+ c. 3+ b. 1+ d In Figure 3-3, what is the mass number of the ion? a. 1 c. 4 b. 7 d. 3 6

7 Name: CONCEPT MASTERY Use the diagrams to answer the questions or complete the statements. Figure In Figure 24-1, what mass of the isotope is present at 0 minutes? a. 0 grams c. 6 grams b. 12 grams d. 24 grams 55. What mass of the isotope in Figure 24-1 will remain after the end of one half-life period? a. 24 grams c. 6 grams b. 0 grams d. 12 grams 56. In Figure 24-1, what mass of the isotope is present at 40 minutes? a. 0 grams c. 3 grams b. 6 grams d. 4.5 grams 57. At what time in Figure 24-1 will there be 1.5 grams of the isotope remaining? a. 40 minutes c. 11 minutes b. 60 minutes d. 20 minutes 58. What is the half-life of the isotope in Figure 24-1? a. 100 minutes c. 40 minutes b. 50 minutes d. 20 minutes 59. Alpha particles have a _ charge. a. -1 c. +2 b. +1 d _ is the splitting of nuclei. a. denaturation c. fusion b. fission d. decay 7

8 Name: 61. Beta particles have a _ charge. a. +2 c. 0 b. +1 d Which is the number of neutrons in 35 Br? a. 115 c. 35 b. 80 d Which scientist developed the model of the atom shown? a. Thomson c. Bohr b. Rutherford d. Chadwick 64. Which type of radiation is the most penetrating? a. gamma c. beta b. alpha d. all three are essentially equal 8

9 Atomic Structure Review Answer Section TRUE/FALSE 1. ANS: F A radioactive alkaline earth element s atomic number decreases by two after emitting alpha radiation. PTS: 1 DIF: Bloom's Level 1 NAT: D.1 D.3 E.2 2. ANS: T PTS: 1 DIF: Bloom's Level 1 NAT: UCP.2 STA: SC-HS SC-HS ANS: F In a shortened type notation of an element, the mass number and the atomic number are written to the left of the symbol. The mass number is written as a superscript and the atomic number is written as a subscript. PTS: 1 DIF: 1 REF: Page 100 OBJ: Define an isotope and explain why atomic masses are not whole numbers. NAT: B.1 STA: SC-HS SC-HS TOP: Define an isotope and explain why atomic masses are not whole numbers. KEY: Notation of elements MSC: 2 NOT: The atomic number and mass of an element can be represented by shortened notations. 4. ANS: F PTS: 1 DIF: Bloom's Level 1 NAT: UCP.2 G.3 STA: SC-HS SC-HS ANS: F PTS: 1 DIF: Bloom's Level 2 NAT: B.1 B.5 STA: SC-HS SC-HS ANS: T PTS: 1 DIF: Bloom's Level 1 NAT: UCP.2 B.1 B.3 B.6 7. ANS: T PTS: 1 DIF: Bloom's Level 2 NAT: UCP.2 B.1 STA: SC-HS SC-HS ANS: T PTS: 1 DIF: Bloom's Level 1 NAT: B.1 STA: SC-HS SC-HS ANS: T A proton has a positive charge of 1+. PTS: 1 DIF: 1 REF: Page 96 OBJ: Describe the structure of the nuclear atom, including the locations of the subatomic particles. NAT: B.1 G.3 STA: SC-HS SC-HS TOP: Describe the structure of the nuclear atom, including the locations of the subatomic particles. KEY: Proton MSC: 1 NOT: A neutron has a mass nearly equal to that of a proton, but it carries no electrical charge. 10. ANS: T PTS: 1 DIF: Bloom's Level 2 NAT: B.5 B.6 STA: SC-HS SC-HS ANS: T PTS: 1 DIF: Bloom's Level 2 NAT: B.3 B ANS: F PTS: 1 DIF: Bloom's Level 2 NAT: UCP.2 ;B.1 STA: SC-HS SC-HS

10 13. ANS: F PTS: 1 DIF: Bloom's Level ANS: T PTS: 1 DIF: Bloom's Level 1 NAT: B.3 B.5 STA: SC-HS SC-HS MULTIPLE CHOICE 15. ANS: D PTS: 1 OBJ: 24W 24.a 16. ANS: D PTS: 1 OBJ: 24W 24.a 17. ANS: D PTS: 1 OBJ: 24W 24.a 18. ANS: A PTS: 1 OBJ: 24W 24.f 19. ANS: D PTS: 1 OBJ: 4D 4.c 20. ANS: C PTS: 1 OBJ: 3C 3.g 21. ANS: D PTS: 1 OBJ: 3C 3.h 22. ANS: B PTS: 1 OBJ: 3C 3.d 23. ANS: C PTS: 1 OBJ: 3C 3.h 24. ANS: B PTS: 1 OBJ: 3C 3.d 25. ANS: D PTS: 1 OBJ: 24W 24.a 26. ANS: A PTS: 1 OBJ: 3C 3.g 27. ANS: D PTS: 1 OBJ: 3C 3.f 28. ANS: A PTS: 1 OBJ: 3C 3.h 29. ANS: A PTS: 1 OBJ: 3C 3.g 30. ANS: B PTS: 1 OBJ: 3C 3.b 31. ANS: A PTS: 1 OBJ: 3C 3.i 32. ANS: A PTS: 1 DIF: Bloom's Level 2 NAT: B.1 STA: SC-HS SC-HS ANS: D PTS: 1 DIF: Bloom's Level 1 NAT: B.1 G.3 STA: SC-HS SC-HS ANS: B PTS: 1 OBJ: 24W 24.b 35. ANS: B PTS: 1 OBJ: 24W 24.b 36. ANS: D PTS: 1 OBJ: 24W 24.b 37. ANS: C PTS: 1 OBJ: 24W 24.b 38. ANS: A PTS: 1 DIF: Bloom's Level 4 NAT: UCP.3 B.3 B ANS: B PTS: 1 DIF: Bloom's Level 3 NAT: UCP.2 B ANS: A PTS: 1 DIF: Bloom's Level 2 NAT: UCP.2 B.3 E ANS: B PTS: 1 DIF: Bloom's Level ANS: B PTS: 1 DIF: Bloom's Level ANS: A PTS: 1 DIF: Bloom's Level ANS: D PTS: 1 DIF: Bloom's Level 4 NAT: UCP.2 B.1 G.3 STA: SC-HS SC-HS

11 45. ANS: D PTS: 1 DIF: Bloom's Level ANS: A A radioisotope with an atomic number above 83 attains stability by reducing the number of either neutrons or protons, thereby positioning the element within the band of stability. A B C D Feedback Correct! A reduction in the number of neutrons alone will not give stability to any atom with atomic number above 83. Gamma emission will not bring an element with atomic number above 83 to the band of stability. A reduction in the number of protons alone will not give stability to any element having atomic number above 83. PTS: 1 DIF: 2 REF: Page 811 OBJ: Apply your knowledge of radioactive decay to write balanced nuclear equations. NAT: UCP.3 B.1 TOP: Apply your knowledge of radioactive decay to write balanced nuclear equations. KEY: Radioactive decay MSC: ANS: B PTS: 1 OBJ: 3C 3.f 48. ANS: A PTS: 1 OBJ: 3C 3.f 49. ANS: C PTS: 1 OBJ: 3C 3.g 50. ANS: D PTS: 1 OBJ: 3C 3.f 51. ANS: A PTS: 1 OBJ: 3C 3.f 52. ANS: B PTS: 1 OBJ: 3C 3.g 53. ANS: B PTS: 1 OBJ: 3C 3.g 54. ANS: B PTS: 1 OBJ: 24W 24.a 55. ANS: C PTS: 1 OBJ: 24W 24.a 56. ANS: C PTS: 1 OBJ: 24W 24.a 57. ANS: B PTS: 1 OBJ: 24W 24.a 58. ANS: D PTS: 1 OBJ: 24W 24.a 59. ANS: C PTS: 1 DIF: Bloom's Level 3 NAT: UCP.2 UCP ANS: B PTS: 1 DIF: Bloom's Level 3 NAT: UCP.2 B ANS: D PTS: 1 DIF: Bloom's Level 3 NAT: UCP.2 UCP ANS: D PTS: 1 DIF: Bloom's Level ANS: B PTS: 1 DIF: Bloom's Level 4 NAT: UCP.2 B.1 G.3 STA: SC-HS SC-HS ANS: A PTS: 1 DIF: Bloom's Level 2 NAT: UCP.2 UCP.3 E1 E.2 F.1 3

Unit 1 Practice Test. Matching

Unit 1 Practice Test. Matching Unit 1 Practice Test Matching Match each item with the correct statement below. a. proton d. electron b. nucleus e. neutron c. atom 1. the smallest particle of an element that retains the properties of

More information

NOTES ON The Structure of the Atom

NOTES ON The Structure of the Atom NOTES ON The Structure of the Atom Chemistry is the study of matter and its properties. Those properties can be explained by examining the atoms that compose the matter. An atom is the smallest particle

More information

SCH 3UI Unit 2 Outline Up to Quiz #1 Atomic Theory and the Periodic Table

SCH 3UI Unit 2 Outline Up to Quiz #1 Atomic Theory and the Periodic Table Lesson Topics Covered SCH 3UI Unit 2 Outline Up to Quiz #1 Atomic Theory and the Periodic Table 1 Note: History of Atomic Theory progression of understanding of composition of matter; ancient Greeks and

More information

Atomic Calculations. 2.1 Composition of the Atom. number of protons + number of neutrons = mass number

Atomic Calculations. 2.1 Composition of the Atom. number of protons + number of neutrons = mass number 2.1 Composition of the Atom Atomic Calculations number of protons + number of neutrons = mass number number of neutrons = mass number - number of protons number of protons = number of electrons IF positive

More information

Objectives 404 CHAPTER 9 RADIATION

Objectives 404 CHAPTER 9 RADIATION Objectives Explain the difference between isotopes of the same element. Describe the force that holds nucleons together. Explain the relationship between mass and energy according to Einstein s theory

More information

Structure and Properties of Atoms

Structure and Properties of Atoms PS-2.1 Compare the subatomic particles (protons, neutrons, electrons) of an atom with regard to mass, location, and charge, and explain how these particles affect the properties of an atom (including identity,

More information

CHEM 1411 Chapter 5 Homework Answers

CHEM 1411 Chapter 5 Homework Answers 1 CHEM 1411 Chapter 5 Homework Answers 1. Which statement regarding the gold foil experiment is false? (a) It was performed by Rutherford and his research group early in the 20 th century. (b) Most of

More information

Introduction to Nuclear Physics

Introduction to Nuclear Physics Introduction to Nuclear Physics 1. Atomic Structure and the Periodic Table According to the Bohr-Rutherford model of the atom, also called the solar system model, the atom consists of a central nucleus

More information

Main properties of atoms and nucleus

Main properties of atoms and nucleus Main properties of atoms and nucleus. Atom Structure.... Structure of Nuclei... 3. Definition of Isotopes... 4. Energy Characteristics of Nuclei... 5. Laws of Radioactive Nuclei Transformation... 3. Atom

More information

For convenience, we may consider an atom in two parts: the nucleus and the electrons.

For convenience, we may consider an atom in two parts: the nucleus and the electrons. Atomic structure A. Introduction: In 1808, an English scientist called John Dalton proposed an atomic theory based on experimental findings. (1) Elements are made of extremely small particles called atoms.

More information

22.1 Nuclear Reactions

22.1 Nuclear Reactions In the Middle Ages, individuals called alchemists spent a lot of time trying to make gold. Often, they fooled people into believing that they had made gold. Although alchemists never succeeded in making

More information

Nuclear Physics. Nuclear Physics comprises the study of:

Nuclear Physics. Nuclear Physics comprises the study of: Nuclear Physics Nuclear Physics comprises the study of: The general properties of nuclei The particles contained in the nucleus The interaction between these particles Radioactivity and nuclear reactions

More information

Chemistry CP Unit 2 Atomic Structure and Electron Configuration. Learning Targets (Your exam at the end of Unit 2 will assess the following:)

Chemistry CP Unit 2 Atomic Structure and Electron Configuration. Learning Targets (Your exam at the end of Unit 2 will assess the following:) Chemistry CP Unit 2 Atomic Structure and Electron Learning Targets (Your exam at the end of Unit 2 will assess the following:) 2. Atomic Structure and Electron 2-1. Give the one main contribution to the

More information

9/13/2013. However, Dalton thought that an atom was just a tiny sphere with no internal parts. This is sometimes referred to as the cannonball model.

9/13/2013. However, Dalton thought that an atom was just a tiny sphere with no internal parts. This is sometimes referred to as the cannonball model. John Dalton was an English scientist who lived in the early 1800s. Dalton s atomic theory served as a model for how matter worked. The principles of Dalton s atomic theory are: 1. Elements are made of

More information

1. In the general symbol cleus, which of the three letters. 2. What is the mass number of an alpha particle?

1. In the general symbol cleus, which of the three letters. 2. What is the mass number of an alpha particle? 1. In the general symbol cleus, which of the three letters Z A X for a nu represents the atomic number? 2. What is the mass number of an alpha particle? 3. What is the mass number of a beta particle? 4.

More information

2 The Structure of Atoms

2 The Structure of Atoms CHAPTER 4 2 The Structure of Atoms SECTION Atoms KEY IDEAS As you read this section, keep these questions in mind: What do atoms of the same element have in common? What are isotopes? How is an element

More information

Chapter 18: The Structure of the Atom

Chapter 18: The Structure of the Atom Chapter 18: The Structure of the Atom 1. For most elements, an atom has A. no neutrons in the nucleus. B. more protons than electrons. C. less neutrons than electrons. D. just as many electrons as protons.

More information

History of the Atom & Atomic Theory

History of the Atom & Atomic Theory Chapter 5 History of the Atom & Atomic Theory You re invited to a Thinking Inside the Box Conference Each group should nominate a: o Leader o Writer o Presenter You have 5 minutes to come up with observations

More information

Physics 1104 Midterm 2 Review: Solutions

Physics 1104 Midterm 2 Review: Solutions Physics 114 Midterm 2 Review: Solutions These review sheets cover only selected topics from the chemical and nuclear energy chapters and are not meant to be a comprehensive review. Topics covered in these

More information

( + and - ) ( - and - ) ( + and + ) Atoms are mostly empty space. = the # of protons in the nucleus. = the # of protons in the nucleus

( + and - ) ( - and - ) ( + and + ) Atoms are mostly empty space. = the # of protons in the nucleus. = the # of protons in the nucleus Atoms are mostly empty space Atomic Structure Two regions of every atom: Nucleus - is made of protons and neutrons - is small and dense Electron cloud -is a region where you might find an electron -is

More information

Basics of Nuclear Physics and Fission

Basics of Nuclear Physics and Fission Basics of Nuclear Physics and Fission A basic background in nuclear physics for those who want to start at the beginning. Some of the terms used in this factsheet can be found in IEER s on-line glossary.

More information

Objectives. PAM1014 Introduction to Radiation Physics. Constituents of Atoms. Atoms. Atoms. Atoms. Basic Atomic Theory

Objectives. PAM1014 Introduction to Radiation Physics. Constituents of Atoms. Atoms. Atoms. Atoms. Basic Atomic Theory PAM1014 Introduction to Radiation Physics Basic Atomic Theory Objectives Introduce and Molecules The periodic Table Electronic Energy Levels Atomic excitation & de-excitation Ionisation Molecules Constituents

More information

Chapter Five: Atomic Theory and Structure

Chapter Five: Atomic Theory and Structure Chapter Five: Atomic Theory and Structure Evolution of Atomic Theory The ancient Greek scientist Democritus is often credited with developing the idea of the atom Democritus proposed that matter was, on

More information

Chemistry 1000 Lecture 2: Nuclear reactions and radiation. Marc R. Roussel

Chemistry 1000 Lecture 2: Nuclear reactions and radiation. Marc R. Roussel Chemistry 1000 Lecture 2: Nuclear reactions and radiation Marc R. Roussel Nuclear reactions Ordinary chemical reactions do not involve the nuclei, so we can balance these reactions by making sure that

More information

Instructors Guide: Atoms and Their Isotopes

Instructors Guide: Atoms and Their Isotopes Instructors Guide: Atoms and Their Isotopes Standards Connections Connections to NSTA Standards for Science Teacher Preparation C.3.a.1 Fundamental structures of atoms and molecules. C.3.b.27 Applications

More information

2. John Dalton did his research work in which of the following countries? a. France b. Greece c. Russia d. England

2. John Dalton did his research work in which of the following countries? a. France b. Greece c. Russia d. England CHAPTER 3 1. Which combination of individual and contribution is not correct? a. Antoine Lavoisier - clarified confusion over cause of burning b. John Dalton - proposed atomic theory c. Marie Curie - discovered

More information

Answers to Review Questions for Atomic Theory Quiz #1

Answers to Review Questions for Atomic Theory Quiz #1 Answers to Review Questions for Atomic Theory Quiz #1 Multiple Choice Questions: 1. c 7. a 13. c 19. a 25. b 31. b 37. a 43. d 2. d 8. c 14. c 20. c 26. d 32. c 38. d 44. b 3. b 9. a 15. b 21. c 27. b

More information

Atomic Structure: Chapter Problems

Atomic Structure: Chapter Problems Atomic Structure: Chapter Problems Bohr Model Class Work 1. Describe the nuclear model of the atom. 2. Explain the problems with the nuclear model of the atom. 3. According to Niels Bohr, what does n stand

More information

Masses in Atomic Units

Masses in Atomic Units Nuclear Composition - the forces binding protons and neutrons in the nucleus are much stronger (binding energy of MeV) than the forces binding electrons to the atom (binding energy of ev) - the constituents

More information

Level 3 Achievement Scale

Level 3 Achievement Scale Unit 1: Atoms Level 3 Achievement Scale Can state the key results of the experiments associated with Dalton, Rutherford, Thomson, Chadwick, and Bohr and what this lead each to conclude. Can explain that

More information

47374_04_p25-32.qxd 2/9/07 7:50 AM Page 25. 4 Atoms and Elements

47374_04_p25-32.qxd 2/9/07 7:50 AM Page 25. 4 Atoms and Elements 47374_04_p25-32.qxd 2/9/07 7:50 AM Page 25 4 Atoms and Elements 4.1 a. Cu b. Si c. K d. N e. Fe f. Ba g. Pb h. Sr 4.2 a. O b. Li c. S d. Al e. H f. Ne g. Sn h. Au 4.3 a. carbon b. chlorine c. iodine d.

More information

The Structure of the Atom

The Structure of the Atom The Structure of the Atom Copyright Glencoe/McGraw-Hill, a division of the McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Section 4. Early Ideas About Matter pages 02 05 Section 4. Assessment page 05. Contrast the methods

More information

Atomic Theory: History of the Atom

Atomic Theory: History of the Atom Atomic Theory: History of the Atom Atomic Theory: experimental observations that led scientists to postulate the existence of the atom (smallest bit of an element). 1. Law of Conservation of Mass -During

More information

Elements, Atoms & Ions

Elements, Atoms & Ions Introductory Chemistry: A Foundation FOURTH EDITION by Steven S. Zumdahl University of Illinois Elements, Atoms & Ions Chapter 4 1 2 Elements Aims: To learn about the relative abundances of the elements,

More information

Radioactivity & Particles

Radioactivity & Particles Radioactivity & Particles Introduction... 2 Atomic structure... 2 How are these particles arranged?... 2 Atomic notation... 4 Isotopes... 4 What is radioactivity?... 5 Types of Radiation: alpha, beta and

More information

APS Science Curriculum Unit Planner

APS Science Curriculum Unit Planner APS Science Curriculum Unit Planner Grade Level/Subject Chemistry Stage 1: Desired Results Enduring Understanding Topic 1: Elements and the Periodic Table: The placement of elements on the periodic table

More information

2014 Spring CHEM101 Ch1-2 Review Worksheet Modified by Dr. Cheng-Yu Lai,

2014 Spring CHEM101 Ch1-2 Review Worksheet Modified by Dr. Cheng-Yu Lai, Ch1 1) Which of the following underlined items is not an intensive property? A) A chemical reaction requires 3.00 g of oxygen. B) The density of helium at 25 C is 1.64 10-4 g/cm3. C) The melting point

More information

Electrons in Atoms & Periodic Table Chapter 13 & 14 Assignment & Problem Set

Electrons in Atoms & Periodic Table Chapter 13 & 14 Assignment & Problem Set Electrons in Atoms & Periodic Table Name Warm-Ups (Show your work for credit) Date 1. Date 2. Date 3. Date 4. Date 5. Date 6. Date 7. Date 8. Electrons in Atoms & Periodic Table 2 Study Guide: Things You

More information

Chapter 2 Atoms, Ions, and the Periodic Table

Chapter 2 Atoms, Ions, and the Periodic Table Chapter 2 Atoms, Ions, and the Periodic Table 2.1 (a) neutron; (b) law of conservation of mass; (c) proton; (d) main-group element; (e) relative atomic mass; (f) mass number; (g) isotope; (h) cation; (i)

More information

6.7: Explaining the Periodic Table pg. 234

6.7: Explaining the Periodic Table pg. 234 Unit C: Atoms, elements, and Compounds 6.7: Explaining the Periodic Table pg. 234 Key Concepts: 3. Elements are organized according to their atomic number and electron arrangement on the periodic table.

More information

Atoms, Ions and Molecules The Building Blocks of Matter

Atoms, Ions and Molecules The Building Blocks of Matter Atoms, Ions and Molecules The Building Blocks of Matter Chapter 2 1 Chapter Outline 2.1 The Rutherford Model of Atomic Structure 2.2 Nuclides and Their Symbols 2.3 Navigating the Periodic Table 2.4 The

More information

Chemistry. The student will be able to identify and apply basic safety procedures and identify basic equipment.

Chemistry. The student will be able to identify and apply basic safety procedures and identify basic equipment. Chemistry UNIT I: Introduction to Chemistry The student will be able to describe what chemistry is and its scope. a. Define chemistry. b. Explain that chemistry overlaps many other areas of science. The

More information

Review for Atomic Theory Quiz #1

Review for Atomic Theory Quiz #1 Review for Atomic Theory Quiz #1 Practice Multiple Choice Questions: 1. Which of the following is/are quantitative physical property(s) of matter? a) mass c) density b) volume d) all of the above 2. Which

More information

Multiple Choice Identify the letter of the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.

Multiple Choice Identify the letter of the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question. Introduction to Chemistry Exam 2 Practice Problems 1 Multiple Choice Identify the letter of the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question. 1.Atoms consist principally of what three

More information

The Models of the Atom

The Models of the Atom The Models of the Atom All life, whether in the form of trees, whales, mushrooms, bacteria or amoebas, consists of cells. Similarly, all matter, whether in the form of aspirin, gold, vitamins, air or minerals,

More information

Unit 3 Study Guide: Electron Configuration & The Periodic Table

Unit 3 Study Guide: Electron Configuration & The Periodic Table Name: Teacher s Name: Class: Block: Date: Unit 3 Study Guide: Electron Configuration & The Periodic Table 1. For each of the following elements, state whether the element is radioactive, synthetic or both.

More information

ATOMS A T O M S, I S O T O P E S, A N D I O N S. The Academic Support Center @ Daytona State College (Science 120, Page 1 of 39)

ATOMS A T O M S, I S O T O P E S, A N D I O N S. The Academic Support Center @ Daytona State College (Science 120, Page 1 of 39) ATOMS A T O M S, I S O T O P E S, A N D I O N S The Academic Support Center @ Daytona State College (Science 120, Page 1 of 39) THE ATOM All elements listed on the periodic table are made up of atoms.

More information

Chemical Building Blocks: Chapter 3: Elements and Periodic Table

Chemical Building Blocks: Chapter 3: Elements and Periodic Table Name: Class: Date: Chemical Building Blocks: Chapter 3: Elements and Periodic Table Study Guide Multiple Choice Identify the letter of the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.

More information

............... [2] At the time of purchase of a Strontium-90 source, the activity is 3.7 10 6 Bq.

............... [2] At the time of purchase of a Strontium-90 source, the activity is 3.7 10 6 Bq. 1 Strontium-90 decays with the emission of a β-particle to form Yttrium-90. The reaction is represented by the equation 90 38 The decay constant is 0.025 year 1. 90 39 0 1 Sr Y + e + 0.55 MeV. (a) Suggest,

More information

A n = 2 to n = 1. B n = 3 to n = 1. C n = 4 to n = 2. D n = 5 to n = 2

A n = 2 to n = 1. B n = 3 to n = 1. C n = 4 to n = 2. D n = 5 to n = 2 North arolina Testing Program EO hemistry Sample Items Goal 4 1. onsider the spectrum for the hydrogen atom. In which situation will light be produced? 3. Which color of light would a hydrogen atom emit

More information

Multiple Choice Identify the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.

Multiple Choice Identify the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question. Test 2 f14 Multiple Choice Identify the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question. 1. Carbon cycles through the Earth system. During photosynthesis, carbon is a. released from wood

More information

CHAPTER 4: ATOMS AND ELEMENTS

CHAPTER 4: ATOMS AND ELEMENTS CHAPTER 4: ATOMS AND ELEMENTS Problems: 1-70 then after Chapter 9, complete 71-94, 103-104, 107-108, 113-114 4.1 Experiencing Atoms at Tiburon atom: smallest identifiable unit of an element All matter

More information

5.1 Evolution of the Atomic Model

5.1 Evolution of the Atomic Model 5.1 Evolution of the Atomic Model Studying the atom has been a fascination of scientists for hundreds of years. Even Greek philosophers, over 2500 years ago, discussed the idea of there being a smallest

More information

Atomic Theory Part 1

Atomic Theory Part 1 Atomic Theory Part 1 Reading: Ch 2 sections 1 6, 8 Homework: Chapter 2: 39, 47, 43, 49, 51*, 53, 55, 57, 71, 73, 77, 99, 103 (optional) * = important homework question The Atomic Theory (John Dalton, 1803)

More information

Solar Energy Production

Solar Energy Production Solar Energy Production We re now ready to address the very important question: What makes the Sun shine? Why is this such an important topic in astronomy? As humans, we see in the visible part of the

More information

Radioactivity III: Measurement of Half Life.

Radioactivity III: Measurement of Half Life. PHY 192 Half Life 1 Radioactivity III: Measurement of Half Life. Introduction This experiment will once again use the apparatus of the first experiment, this time to measure radiation intensity as a function

More information

CHEMISTRY STANDARDS BASED RUBRIC ATOMIC STRUCTURE AND BONDING

CHEMISTRY STANDARDS BASED RUBRIC ATOMIC STRUCTURE AND BONDING CHEMISTRY STANDARDS BASED RUBRIC ATOMIC STRUCTURE AND BONDING Essential Standard: STUDENTS WILL UNDERSTAND THAT THE PROPERTIES OF MATTER AND THEIR INTERACTIONS ARE A CONSEQUENCE OF THE STRUCTURE OF MATTER,

More information

Chapter 7. Electron Structure of the Atom. Chapter 7 Topics

Chapter 7. Electron Structure of the Atom. Chapter 7 Topics Chapter 7 Electron Structure of the Atom Copyright The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display. 1 Chapter 7 Topics 1. Electromagnetic radiation 2. The Bohr model of

More information

Light as a Wave. The Nature of Light. EM Radiation Spectrum. EM Radiation Spectrum. Electromagnetic Radiation

Light as a Wave. The Nature of Light. EM Radiation Spectrum. EM Radiation Spectrum. Electromagnetic Radiation The Nature of Light Light and other forms of radiation carry information to us from distance astronomical objects Visible light is a subset of a huge spectrum of electromagnetic radiation Maxwell pioneered

More information

3 CHEMICAL FOUNDATIONS: ELEMENTS, ATOMS AND IONS

3 CHEMICAL FOUNDATIONS: ELEMENTS, ATOMS AND IONS 3 CHEMICAL FOUNDATIONS: ELEMENTS, ATOMS AND IONS All matter is built up from chemical combinations of elements. As of 2003, there are 114 known elements, of which 88 are naturally occurring; the remaining

More information

ANSWER KEY : BUILD AN ATOM PART I: ATOM SCREEN Build an Atom simulation ( http://phet.colorado.edu/en/simulation/build an atom )

ANSWER KEY : BUILD AN ATOM PART I: ATOM SCREEN Build an Atom simulation ( http://phet.colorado.edu/en/simulation/build an atom ) ANSWER KEY : PART I: ATOM SCREEN Build an Atom simulation ( http://phet.colorado.edu/en/simulation/build an atom ) 1. Explore the Build an Atom simulation with your group. As you explore, talk about what

More information

Name Date Class ELECTRONS IN ATOMS. Standard Curriculum Core content Extension topics

Name Date Class ELECTRONS IN ATOMS. Standard Curriculum Core content Extension topics 13 ELECTRONS IN ATOMS Conceptual Curriculum Concrete concepts More abstract concepts or math/problem-solving Standard Curriculum Core content Extension topics Honors Curriculum Core honors content Options

More information

Chapter NP-5. Nuclear Physics. Nuclear Reactions TABLE OF CONTENTS INTRODUCTION OBJECTIVES 1.0 NUCLEAR REACTIONS 2.0 NEUTRON INTERACTIONS

Chapter NP-5. Nuclear Physics. Nuclear Reactions TABLE OF CONTENTS INTRODUCTION OBJECTIVES 1.0 NUCLEAR REACTIONS 2.0 NEUTRON INTERACTIONS Chapter NP-5 Nuclear Physics Nuclear Reactions TABLE OF CONTENTS INTRODUCTION OBJECTIVES 1.0 2.0 NEUTRON INTERACTIONS 2.1 ELASTIC SCATTERING 2.2 INELASTIC SCATTERING 2.3 RADIATIVE CAPTURE 2.4 PARTICLE

More information

Atomic Structure Chapter 5 Assignment & Problem Set

Atomic Structure Chapter 5 Assignment & Problem Set Atomic Structure Name Warm-Ups (Show your work for credit) Date 1. Date 2. Date 3. Date 4. Date 5. Date 6. Date 7. Date 8. Atomic Structure 2 Study Guide: Things You Must Know Vocabulary (know the definition

More information

Chemistry - Elements Electron Configurations The Periodic Table. Ron Robertson

Chemistry - Elements Electron Configurations The Periodic Table. Ron Robertson Chemistry - Elements Electron Configurations The Periodic Table Ron Robertson History of Chemistry Before 16 th Century Alchemy Attempts (scientific or otherwise) to change cheap metals into gold no real

More information

Homework #10 (749508)

Homework #10 (749508) Homework #10 (749508) Current Score: 0 out of 100 Description Homework on quantum physics and radioactivity Instructions Answer all the questions as best you can. 1. Hewitt10 32.E.001. [481697] 0/5 points

More information

Noble Gases. Outline Nobel Gas Elements Radon and Health Chemistry Homework

Noble Gases. Outline Nobel Gas Elements Radon and Health Chemistry Homework Radon and Other Noble Gases The elements in the last column of the periodic table are all very stable, mono-atomic gases. Until 1962, they were called inert gases because they did not react with other

More information

Chapter NP-1. Nuclear Physics. Atomic Nature of Matter TABLE OF CONTENTS INTRODUCTION OBJECTIVES 1.0 PROPERTIES OF SUBSTANCES

Chapter NP-1. Nuclear Physics. Atomic Nature of Matter TABLE OF CONTENTS INTRODUCTION OBJECTIVES 1.0 PROPERTIES OF SUBSTANCES Chapter NP-1 Nuclear Physics Atomic Nature of Matter TABLE OF CONTENTS INTRODUCTION OBJECTIVES 1.0 PROPERTIES OF SUBSTANCES 1.1 CHEMICAL AND PHYSICAL PROPERTIES 2.0 COMPOSITION OF ATOMS 2.1 ATOMIC STRUCTURE

More information

Atoms, Ions and Molecules The Building Blocks of Matter

Atoms, Ions and Molecules The Building Blocks of Matter Atoms, Ions and Molecules The Building Blocks of Matter Chapter 2 1 Chapter Outline 2.1 The Rutherford Model of Atomic Structure 2.2 Nuclides and Their Symbols 2.3 Navigating the Periodic Table 2.4 The

More information

Basic Nuclear Concepts

Basic Nuclear Concepts Section 7: In this section, we present a basic description of atomic nuclei, the stored energy contained within them, their occurrence and stability Basic Nuclear Concepts EARLY DISCOVERIES [see also Section

More information

EXPERIMENT 4 The Periodic Table - Atoms and Elements

EXPERIMENT 4 The Periodic Table - Atoms and Elements EXPERIMENT 4 The Periodic Table - Atoms and Elements INTRODUCTION Primary substances, called elements, build all the materials around you. There are more than 109 different elements known today. The elements

More information

Atomic Structure Ron Robertson

Atomic Structure Ron Robertson Atomic Structure Ron Robertson r2 n:\files\courses\1110-20\2010 possible slides for web\atomicstructuretrans.doc I. What is Light? Debate in 1600's: Since waves or particles can transfer energy, what is

More information

Chapter 17: Radioactivity and Nuclear Chemistry

Chapter 17: Radioactivity and Nuclear Chemistry Chapter 7: Radioactivity and Nuclear Chemistry Problems: -20, 24-30, 32-46, 49-70, 74-88, 99-0 7.2 THE DISCOVERY OF RADIOACTIVITY In 896, a French physicist named Henri Becquerel discovered that uranium-containing

More information

B) atomic number C) both the solid and the liquid phase D) Au C) Sn, Si, C A) metal C) O, S, Se C) In D) tin D) methane D) bismuth B) Group 2 metal

B) atomic number C) both the solid and the liquid phase D) Au C) Sn, Si, C A) metal C) O, S, Se C) In D) tin D) methane D) bismuth B) Group 2 metal 1. The elements on the Periodic Table are arranged in order of increasing A) atomic mass B) atomic number C) molar mass D) oxidation number 2. Which list of elements consists of a metal, a metalloid, and

More information

What You Need To Know for the Chemistry Regents Exam

What You Need To Know for the Chemistry Regents Exam Name: What You Need To Know for the Chemistry Regents Exam The Test The Chemisty Regents Exam is broken down into three sections: Part A: 35 mulitple choice questions from all units covered over the course

More information

Nuclear Physics and Radioactivity

Nuclear Physics and Radioactivity Nuclear Physics and Radioactivity 1. The number of electrons in an atom of atomic number Z and mass number A is 1) A 2) Z 3) A+Z 4) A-Z 2. The repulsive force between the positively charged protons does

More information

18.2 Comparing Atoms. Atomic number. Chapter 18

18.2 Comparing Atoms. Atomic number. Chapter 18 As you know, some substances are made up of only one kind of atom and these substances are called elements. You already know something about a number of elements you ve heard of hydrogen, helium, silver,

More information

PERIODIC TABLE OF GROUPS OF ELEMENTS Elements can be classified using two different schemes.

PERIODIC TABLE OF GROUPS OF ELEMENTS Elements can be classified using two different schemes. 1 PERIODIC TABLE OF GROUPS OF ELEMENTS Elements can be classified using two different schemes. Metal Nonmetal Scheme (based on physical properties) Metals - most elements are metals - elements on left

More information

Chapter 2 The Chemical Context of Life

Chapter 2 The Chemical Context of Life Chapter 2 The Chemical Context of Life Multiple-Choice Questions 1) About 25 of the 92 natural elements are known to be essential to life. Which four of these 25 elements make up approximately 96% of living

More information

Name period AP chemistry Unit 2 worksheet Practice problems

Name period AP chemistry Unit 2 worksheet Practice problems Name period AP chemistry Unit 2 worksheet Practice problems 1. What are the SI units for a. Wavelength of light b. frequency of light c. speed of light Meter hertz (s -1 ) m s -1 (m/s) 2. T/F (correct

More information

List the 3 main types of subatomic particles and indicate the mass and electrical charge of each.

List the 3 main types of subatomic particles and indicate the mass and electrical charge of each. Basic Chemistry Why do we study chemistry in a biology course? All living organisms are composed of chemicals. To understand life, we must understand the structure, function, and properties of the chemicals

More information

Models of the Atom and periodic Trends Exam Study Guide

Models of the Atom and periodic Trends Exam Study Guide Name 1. What is the term for the weighted average mass of all the naturally occurring isotopes of an element? ans: atomic mass 2. Which is exactly equal to 1/12 the mass of a carbon -12 atom? ans: atomic

More information

Test Bank - Chapter 4 Multiple Choice

Test Bank - Chapter 4 Multiple Choice Test Bank - Chapter 4 The questions in the test bank cover the concepts from the lessons in Chapter 4. Select questions from any of the categories that match the content you covered with students. The

More information

The Advanced Placement Examination in Chemistry. Part I Multiple Choice Questions Part II Free Response Questions Selected Questions from1970 to 2010

The Advanced Placement Examination in Chemistry. Part I Multiple Choice Questions Part II Free Response Questions Selected Questions from1970 to 2010 The Advanced Placement Examination in Chemistry Part I Multiple Choice Questions Part II Free Response Questions Selected Questions from1970 to 2010 Atomic Theory and Periodicity Part I 1984 1. Which of

More information

UNIT (2) ATOMS AND ELEMENTS

UNIT (2) ATOMS AND ELEMENTS UNIT (2) ATOMS AND ELEMENTS 2.1 Elements An element is a fundamental substance that cannot be broken down by chemical means into simpler substances. Each element is represented by an abbreviation called

More information

Untitled Document. 1. Which of the following best describes an atom? 4. Which statement best describes the density of an atom s nucleus?

Untitled Document. 1. Which of the following best describes an atom? 4. Which statement best describes the density of an atom s nucleus? Name: Date: 1. Which of the following best describes an atom? A. protons and electrons grouped together in a random pattern B. protons and electrons grouped together in an alternating pattern C. a core

More information

Environmental Health and Safety Radiation Safety. Module 1. Radiation Safety Fundamentals

Environmental Health and Safety Radiation Safety. Module 1. Radiation Safety Fundamentals Environmental Health and Safety Radiation Safety Module 1 Radiation Safety Fundamentals Atomic Structure Atoms are composed of a variety of subatomic particles. The three of interest to Health Physics

More information

7.4. Using the Bohr Theory KNOW? Using the Bohr Theory to Describe Atoms and Ions

7.4. Using the Bohr Theory KNOW? Using the Bohr Theory to Describe Atoms and Ions 7.4 Using the Bohr Theory LEARNING TIP Models such as Figures 1 to 4, on pages 218 and 219, help you visualize scientific explanations. As you examine Figures 1 to 4, look back and forth between the diagrams

More information

3 Atomic Structure 15

3 Atomic Structure 15 3 Atomic Structure 15 3.1 Atoms You need to be familiar with the terms in italics The diameter of the nucleus is approximately 10-15 m and an atom 10-10 m. All matter consists of atoms. An atom can be

More information

Chapter 2 Atoms, Molecules, and Ions

Chapter 2 Atoms, Molecules, and Ions Chapter 2 Atoms, Molecules, and Ions 1. Methane and ethane are both made up of carbon and hydrogen. In methane, there are 12.0 g of carbon for every 4.00 g of hydrogen, a ration of 3:1 by mass. In ethane,

More information

EARLY ATOMIC THEORY AND STRUCTURE

EARLY ATOMIC THEORY AND STRUCTURE CHAPTER 5 EARLY ATOMIC THEORY AND STRUCTURE SOLUTIONS TO REVIEW QUESTIONS 1. Elements are composed of indivisable particles called atoms. Atoms of the same element have the same properties; atoms of different

More information

Elements in the periodic table are indicated by SYMBOLS. To the left of the symbol we find the atomic mass (A) at the upper corner, and the atomic num

Elements in the periodic table are indicated by SYMBOLS. To the left of the symbol we find the atomic mass (A) at the upper corner, and the atomic num . ATOMIC STRUCTURE FUNDAMENTALS LEARNING OBJECTIVES To review the basics concepts of atomic structure that have direct relevance to the fundamental concepts of organic chemistry. This material is essential

More information

Indiana's Academic Standards 2010 ICP Indiana's Academic Standards 2016 ICP. map) that describe the relationship acceleration, velocity and distance.

Indiana's Academic Standards 2010 ICP Indiana's Academic Standards 2016 ICP. map) that describe the relationship acceleration, velocity and distance. .1.1 Measure the motion of objects to understand.1.1 Develop graphical, the relationships among distance, velocity and mathematical, and pictorial acceleration. Develop deeper understanding through representations

More information

******* KEY ******* Atomic Structure & Periodic Table Test Study Guide

******* KEY ******* Atomic Structure & Periodic Table Test Study Guide Atomic Structure & Periodic Table Test Study Guide VOCABULARY: Write a brief definition of each term in the space provided. 1. Atoms: smallest unit of an element that has all of the properties of that

More information

Radiation and the Universe Higher Exam revision questions and answers

Radiation and the Universe Higher Exam revision questions and answers Radiation and the Universe Higher Exam revision questions and answers Madeley High School Q.The names of three different processes are given in List A. Where these processes happen is given in List B.

More information

ATOMS AND THE PERIODIC TABLE CHAPTER 3 PHYSICAL SCIENCE

ATOMS AND THE PERIODIC TABLE CHAPTER 3 PHYSICAL SCIENCE ATOMS AND THE PERIODIC TABLE CHAPTER 3 PHYSICAL SCIENCE Chapter 3 Vocabulary Words (27 words) Nucleus Atomic number Proton Mass number Neutron Isotopes Electron Atomic mass unit (amu) Energy level Average

More information

PHYA5/1. General Certificate of Education Advanced Level Examination June 2011. Unit 5 Nuclear and Thermal Physics Section A

PHYA5/1. General Certificate of Education Advanced Level Examination June 2011. Unit 5 Nuclear and Thermal Physics Section A Centre Number Surname Candidate Number For Examinerʼs Use Other Names Candidate Signature Examinerʼs Initials General Certificate of Education Advanced Level Examination June 2011 Question 1 2 Mark Physics

More information

Chapter 2: The Chemical Context of Life

Chapter 2: The Chemical Context of Life Chapter 2: The Chemical Context of Life Name Period This chapter covers the basics that you may have learned in your chemistry class. Whether your teacher goes over this chapter, or assigns it for you

More information