2015- Micronutrient Uptake and Sources. Salesman's Name November 2013
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1 2015- Micronutrient Uptake and Sources Salesman's Name November 2013
2 PLANT NUTRITION CHEMISTRY PHYSIOLOGY AGRONOMY Solubility Chelate vs. Complex Compatible ROOT SEED LEAF Return on Investment Transient Nutrient Deficiency Zinc Sources November
3 Micronutrient Manufacturing Processes Raw material Acid granulation (partial reaction) Oxysulfates Wide range of watersolubility No filtration, purification Lowest cost Acid reaction (complete dissolution) Metal salts sulfates, chlorides Water-soluble salts Filtration, purification Medium cost Reaction with chelate and organic acids Chelates and complexes Wide range of chemical and physical properties Highest cost Drying, screening Spray drying, Fluid-bed granulation, Liquids Liquids Spray drying
4 Nutrient Forms Inorganic Organic Water Soluble Nitrates Chlorides Sulfates Sodium Salts Potassium Salts Ammonium Salts Not Water Soluble Carbonates Phosphates Silicates Hydroxides Oxides Low Molecular Weight Complexing Agents Organic Complexes Low Molecular Weight Acids Citric Oxalic Tartaric Na Glucoheptonate Lignin Compounds Fulvic Acids Humic Acid Amino Acids Chelating Agents EDTA DTPA EDDHA HEDTA Citric Acid NTA High Molecular Weight
5 INORGANIC SALTS SOURCE Metal exposed Water Solubility Not Complexed Presentation title in footer (if desired) Month 00,
6 COMPLEX: The term complex in chemistry, also called a "coordination compound" or "metal complex", a structure consisting of a central atom or molecule connected to surrounding atoms or molecules. SOURCE Ammoniated Citric Acid Lignin / Humic Presentation title in footer (if desired) Month 00,
7 SOURCE CHELATE a compound containing a ligand (typically organic) bonded to a central metal atom at two or more points. Presentation title in footer (if desired) Month 00,
8 Compatible Two Stages IN A TANK IN THE SOIL SOLUTION Presentation title in footer (if desired) Month 00,
9 PERCENTAGE OF SOLUBLE ZINC REMAINING AFTER 4 MINUTES IN A FERTILIZER SOLUTION Presentation title in footer (if desired) Month 00,
10 SOIL Water Soluble Pool Present in the Soil Solution Pool of weathering primary minerals Soil Solution Micro Exchangeable Pool Ions bound to soil particles Pool of Zinc sorbed nonexchangeably onto clay minerals and insoluble oxides Organically bound pool Ions adsorbed chelated or complexed with organic ligands Presentation title in footer (if desired) Month 00,
11 SOLUBILITY SALTS COMPLEX CHELATE PROS Cost Solubility PROS Cost Natural systems a plant utilizes to solubilize and translocate minerals. PROS Very stable in tank and soil solution CONS Metal Exposed Metal Exposed CONS Weaker bonds with minerals especially at increasing ph s CONS Chelates can compete with plants for minerals like Calcium no good in a foliar case. SOIL SOLUTION TANK MIX SOIL SOLUTION SEQUESTERED SEQUESTERED OUT OF OUR CONTROL IN CONTROL Presentation title in footer (if desired) Month 00,
12 PHYSIOLOGY 1970 EDTA 1.6 Zinc Sulfate 10 AR Zn Pounds of Grain Per Acre Farm F Farm E Farm D 1971 EDTA 0.75 Zinc Sulfate and Oxide 10 AR Zinc EDTA Zinc Sulfate Xylem and Phloem Farm C Zinc Oxide Farm B Farm A Presentation title in footer (if desired) Month 00,
13 Pounds of Grain per Acre PHYSIOLOGY Farm C Farm B 1972 EDTA 0.50 Zinc Sulfate (10) and Zn NH (4) AR Zinc EDTA Zinc Sulfate 1970 EDTA 1.6 Zinc Sulfate 10 AR Zn Ammonia Complex 1971 EDTA 0.75 Zinc Sulfate and Oxide 10 AR Farm A SUMMARY 1968 to 1972 University of Arkansas Rice 25 Locations Extrapolating from all the data a zinc rate of 7 to 10 Lb. per acre of zinc in the inorganic form or 0.75 to 1.0 lb. per acre in the chelated form is needed to adequately prevent the occurrence of chlorosis on these alkaline soils Presentation title in footer (if desired) Month 00,
14 RELATIVE AVAILABILITY COEFFICIENT PHYSIOLOGY Rate Pound per Acre Zinc Uptake 0.6 Zn Uptake ( mg per pot) Zn EDTA Zn Sulfate Zn Ligno Zn Oxy 26 Zn Oxy 55 Zn Sucrate SOURCE RAC Zn EDTA 100 Zn Sulfate 23 Zinc Ligno 22 Zn Oxy Su Zn Oxy Zn Sucrate 5 Colorado State University Corn Pots W.J Gangloff, D.G. Westfall, G.A. Peterson and JJ Mortvedt Presentation title in footer (if desired) Month 00,
15 MICRONUTRIENTS FOR FOLIAR APPLICATION CHEMISTRY PHYSIOLOGY AGRONOMY Source Compa tible LEAF Salts Complex Chelate Tank Mix Presentation title in footer (if desired) Month 00,
16 Manni-Plex Optimizing Foliar Delivery of Micronutrients The Cuticle is the Most Limiting Factor to Foliar Applications of Polar Salts Foliar formulations are specifically designed to get micronutrients past the leaf cuticle into the intercellular spaces better than any other foliar micronutrients on the market. 16
17 Maximizing Foliar Potential Foliar Applied Actives 2 Pathways 2 Pathways Most Fertilizers and Micronutrients (Any active ingredient that is water soluble) Lipophilic Pathway Hydrophilic Pathway Stomata s Hydrophilic Pores Imperfections of cuticle
18 Direct Penetration of Mineral Salts Through Intact Cuticles is Highly Improbable Courtesy Thomas Eichert There must be a second pathway in the cuticle Polar Pores (Schönherr 1976, 2000, Schreiber 2005)
19 Polar Pores Purely theoretical but supported by experimental data. Schönherr 2006 Courtesy Thomas Eichert
20 Polar Pores: Movement of hydrophilic solutes in water clusters sorbed in the cuticle Moist air: pores open (swelling of the cuticle) Size of 1-5nm. (Nitrate 0.2nm, EDTA 1.3nm) Cuticle Epidermis Water provided by both sides of the cuticle Based on: Eichert and Fernández (2012), in : Maschner 3 rd ed.
21 Nutrient Forms Inorganic Organic Water Soluble Nitrates Chlorides Sulfates Sodium Salts Potassium Salts Ammonium Salts Not Water Soluble Carbonates Phosphates Silicates Hydroxides Oxides Low Molecular Weight Complexing Agents Sugar Alcohols Low Molecular Weight Acids Citric Oxalic Tartaric Na Glucoheptonate Lignin Compounds Fulvic Acids Humic Acid Amino Acids Chelating Agents EDTA DTPA EDDHA HEDTA Citric Acid NTA High Molecular Weight
22 INORGANIC SALTS Metal exposed Water Solubility Not Complexed Sulfates Carbonates Nitrates
23 ORGANIC Carbon containing compounds Chelated and Complexed Organic Compounds Carbohydrates Lipids Proteins Nucleic Acids Sugars Oils Amino acids DNA
24 Complexes Sugar Alcohols Organic Acids Glucoheptonates Lignin Compounds Amino acids Water Soluble Are present in all biological organisms. Mannitol Citric Acid Gluconic Acid Lignin (Courtesy of Real-World in green chemistry.
25 Synthetic Chelates EDTA EDDHA DTPA HEDTA NTA ph range Synthetic Metal scavenger Carcinogenic
26 THANKS TO Dr. PATRICK BROWN (UC DAVIS) ALLAN BLAYLOCK ( AGRIUM ) Presentation title in footer (if desired) Month 00,
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