The lichen family Ochrolechiaceae from Bailong River Valley in Gansu Province, China

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1 Mycosystema 菌物学报 15 July 2008, 27(4): ISSN CN Q 2008 Institute of Microbiology, CAS, all rights reserved. The lichen family Ochrolechiaceae from Bailong River Valley in Gansu Province, China ZHANG Quan YANG Fang REN Qiang ZHAO Zun-Tian * College of Life Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan , China 1 INTRODUCTION Bailong River valley is situated in the south of Gansu Province and northeast of Qinghai-Tibet Plateau at longitudes of ' ' E and latitudes of 32 21'-35 50' N. The mean annual precipitation is mm and the mean annual temperature The drainage area has an elevation from 550m to 4920m. The complex habitats give rise to a variety of forest communities and varied patterns of ecosystems. Ochrolechiaceae is classified into Pertusariales under Ostropomycetidae, Lecanoromycetes, Ascomycota. Only one genus, Ochrolechia, is included in the recent established family. It contains about 40 species in the world (Hawksworth et al. 1995). Twenty-one taxa (18 species including 1 variety and 2 forms) in China have been reported to date (Wei 1991; Jia & Zhao 2003). The widespread family is characterized by its crustose verrucose thallus, large apothecia having thick, lecanorine margin, ascus with 4-8 spores, and spores over 20μm long, colorless, 1-celled. In the present paper, we report 17 species (including 2 forms) of the family from Bailong River valley. Among them, two species are new to China (marked by an asterisk). 2 MATERIALS AND METHODS This account is based on the specimens collected from Bailong River valley in Gansu Province of northwestern China during July to August, All the collections are preserved in the Lichen Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC) (No ) * Corresponding author. ztzhao@sohu.com Received: , accepted:

2 Vol.27 No Section of Botanical Herbarium, Shandong Normal University (SDNU). Dissecting microscope (Motic K-400L) and compound microscope (Olympus CX21) were used for the observation and measurement. Photographs were taken by use of Olympus Cover-018. The chemistry was determined by thin layer chromatography (TLC) (White & James 1985). The terms of morphology and anatomy were used after Brodo (1991) and Dibben (1980). 3 RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONS 3.1 The chemistry Seven secondary substances were detected in these species (Table 1). Gyrophoric acid occurs in all species. Ochrolechia harmandi f. granulosa Verseghy, O. harmandi f. pustulata Verseghy and O. harmandi Verseghy f. harmandi have the same lichen substance. Table 1 Major chemical substances detected in the 15 species of Ochrolechiaceae from Bailong River valley Taxon 4-O-demethyl microphyllinic 5-O-methylhiascic Gyrophoric Lichest erinic Lichexan thone Protolichest erinic Variolaric O. akagiensis O. alboflavescens O. androgyna O. antillarum O. frigida O. harmandi O. isidiata * O. mexicana O. montana * O. oregonensis O. pallescens O. subpallescens O. tartarea O. trochophora var. trochophora O. yasudae List of species Ochrolechia akagiensis Yasuda et Vain., Bot. Mag. Tokyo, 35: 54, Wenxian: Qiujiaba, alt m, on the bark of Pinus armandii, 3 Ⅷ 2006, Wang Chen-Lei & Lu Lei , Ochrolechia alboflavescens (Wulf) Zahlbr., Verhandl. Zool. Bot. Ges. Wien 76: 94, Tewo: Dalagou, alt. 2700m, on bark, 26 Ⅶ 2006, Yang Fang & Shi Xiu-Li ; Zhugqu: Huacaopo, alt. 3300m, on deadstick, 29 Ⅶ 2006, Yang Fang & Shi Xiu-Li

3 616 Mycosystema Ochrolechia androgyna (Hoffm.) Arn., Flora 68: 236, Wenxian: Qiujiaba, alt. 2300m, on bark of Picea asperata, 3 Ⅷ 2006, Yang Fang & Shi Xiu-Li ; alt. 2500m, on bark, 4 Ⅷ 2006, Yang Fang & Shi Xiu-Li Zhugqu: Huacaopo, alt. 2940m, on bark, 29 Ⅶ 2006, Yang Fang & Shi Xiu-Li ; Renmingchigou, alt. 3210m, on bark, 30 Ⅶ 2006, Wang Chen-Lei & Lu Lei Ochrolechia antillarum Brodo, Can. J. Bot., 69: 743, Wenxian: Qiujiaba, alt. 2350m, on bark, 3 Ⅷ 2006, Jia Ze-Feng ; alt. 2350m, on bark, 3 Ⅷ 2006, Yang Fang & Shi Xiu-Li ; alt. 2600m, on bark or deadstick, 4 Ⅷ 2006, Yang Fang , ; alt. 2680m, on bark, 4 Ⅷ 2006, Jia Ze-Feng Ochrolechia frigida (Sw.) Lynge, Rept. Sci. Results Norwegian Exped. Novaya Zemlyn 1921, No. 43:182, Zhugqu: Huacaopo, alt. 3300m, on deadstick or mosses, 29 Ⅶ 2006, Zhao Zun-Tian & Yang Fang Ochrolechia harmandi Verseghy f. harmandi, Beih. Nova Hedwigia, 1: 106, Zhugqu: Yangbuliang, alt. 3300m, on bark, 29 Ⅶ 2006, Wang Chen-lei & Lu Lei Ochrolechia harmandi f. granulose Verseghy, Beih. Nova Hedwigia, 1: 108, Wenxian: Qiujiaba, alt m, on bark, 3 Ⅷ 2006, Wang Chen-Lei & Lu Lei , Ochrolechia harmandi f. pustulata Verseghy, Beih. Nova Hedwigia, 1: 110, Wenxian: Qiujiaba, alt. 2350m, on bark of Pinus armandii, 3 Ⅷ 2006, Wang Chen-Lei & Lu Lei ; on bark, 3 Ⅷ 2006, Jia Ze-Feng ; on bark of pine, 3 Ⅷ 2006, Yang Fang & Shi Xiu-Li Ochrolechia isidiata (Malme) Verseghy, Beih. Nova Hedwigia, 1: 96, Wenxian: Qiujiaba, alt. 2350m, on mosses, 3 Ⅷ 2006, Yang Fang & Shi Xiu-Li * Ochrolechia mexicana Vain., Dansk Bot. Arkiv, 4(11): 9, Fig. 1 Thallus: yellowish white, thin, continuous, smooth to verrucose; prothallus absent. Apothecia: sessile, mm in diameter; disks pale orange to orange-yellow, epruinose to lightly pruinose, saucerlike, usually smooth in young apothecia, rough in mature ones; margins sometimes showing an excipular ring of pinkish discoid tissue. Apothecial anatomy: Hymenium μm, hypothecium 55-70μm; algal layer thick, internal to cortex, yet thin below hypothecium; ascospores μm, 8 per ascus. Soredia: pale white to yellowish white, hemispherical. Chemistry: cortex C+ red, K-, KC+ red; medulla C-, K-, KC-; apothecial disk C+ red, K+ yellow, KC+ red; soredia C+ red; all tissues PD-; thallus yellow-orange in long wave UV light. Contains gyrophoric acid and lichexanthone (Chem. Race Ⅱ of Brodo 1990). Substrate: on bark.

4 Vol.27 No Notes: Chem. Race I of the species fits with the description above except that the medulla is C+ red, and contains 4,5-di-O-methylhiascic acid (Brodo 1990). Specimen examined: Zhugqu: Huacaopo, alt. 3300m, on bark, 29 Ⅶ 2006, Zhao Zun-Tian & Han Guo-Ying Fig. 1 The thallus of Ochrolechia mexicana Vain. Chem. Race II. Scale=1mm, Zhao Zun-Tian & Han Guo-Ying Fig. 2 The thallus of Ochrolechia oregonensis H. Magn. Scale=1mm, Yang Fang & Shi Xiu-Li Ochrolechia montana Brodo, Can. J. Bot. 69(4): 753, Wenxian: Qiujiaba, alt. 2350m, on bark of Pinus armandii, 3 Ⅷ 2006, Wang Chen-Lei & Lu Lei , , , , ; on bark of pine, 3 Ⅷ 2006, Yang Fang & Shi Xiu-Li * Ochrolechia oregonensis H. Magn., in Medd. frän Göteborgs Bot. Trädg. 8: 251, Fig. 2 Thallus: yellowish-grey, dull, usually thick, verrcucose; prothallus absent. Apothecia: sessile, (0.8-) mm in diameter; disk light orange, rugose to rosulate; margins smooth in young apothecia, yet verrucose in old ones, often showing an excipular ring of orange discoid tissue adjacent to the disk and a thallus-colored out layer. Apothecial anatomy: hymenium μm, hypothecium 70-90μm; algal layer limited to amphithecial margin, or rarely with a few clumps below hypothecium; ascospores μm, 8 per ascus. Chemistry: cortex C+ red, K-, KC+ red; medulla C-, K-, KC-; apothecial disk C+ red, K+ red, KC+ red; all tissues PD-; containing gyrophoric acid and unidentified fatty acids. Substrate: on bark of lignum or pine, sometimes on mosses. Notes: O. oregonensis is characterized by double margin (discoid tissue in the margin) and large spores.

5 618 Mycosystema Specimens examined: Wenxian: Qiujiaba, alt. 2350m, on bark of pine, 3 Ⅷ 2006, Yang Fang & Shi Xiu-Li ; alt. 2600m, on bark, 4 Ⅷ 2006, Wang Chen-Lei & Lu Lei ; Zhugqu: Huacaopo, alt. 3300m, on bark of lignum or mosses, 29 Ⅶ 2006, Yang Fang & Shi Xiu-Li Ochrolechia pallescens (L.) A. Massal., Nuov. Annal. Sci. Nat. Bot., 7: 212, Wenxian: Qiujiaba, alt m, on bark, 4 Ⅷ 2006, Yang Fang & Shi Xiu-Li , , ; Zhugqu: Renmingchigou, alt. 2900m, on bark, 30 Ⅶ 2006, Wang Chen-Lei & Lu Lei Ochrolechia subpallescens Verseghy, Beih. Nova Hedwigia, 1: 118, Specimens examined: Wenxian: Qiujiaba, alt. 2300m, on deadstick, 3 Ⅷ 2006, Yang Fang & Shi Xiu-Li ; Wenxian: Qiujiaba, alt. 2500m, on bark, 4 Ⅷ 2006, Yang Fang & Shi Xiu-Li ; Wenxian: Qiujiaba, alt m, on bark, 4 Ⅷ 2006, Wang Chen-Lei & Lu Lei , Ochrolechia tartarea (L.) A. Massal., Ricerch. Auton. Lich. 30, Wenxian: Qiujiaba, alt m, on deadstick or bark of pine, 3 Ⅷ 2006, Yang Fang & Shi Xiu-Li , ; alt. 2700m, on bark, 4 Ⅷ 2006, Wang Chen-Lei & Lu Lei ; Zhugqu: Huacaopo, alt. 3200m, on deadstick, 29 Ⅶ 2006, Zhao Zun-Tian & Shi Xiu-Li Ochrolechia trochophora (Vain.) Oshio, J. Sci. Hiroshima Univ., Ser. B, Div. 2, 12: 145, Wenxian: Qiujiaba, alt. 2350m, on deadstick, 3 Ⅷ 2006, Yang Fang & Shi Xiu-Li ; Wang Chen-Lei & Lu Lei Ochrolechia yasudae Vain., Bot. Mag. Tokyo 32: 155, Wenxian: Qiujiaba, alt. 2350m, on deadstick, 3 Ⅷ 2006, Yang Fang & Shi Xiu-Li ; alt. 2500m, on deadstick, 4 Ⅷ 2006, Yang Fang & Shi Xiu-Li ; Zhugqu: Huacaopo, alt. 2700m, on deadstick, 29 Ⅶ 2006, Jia Ze-Feng [REFERENCES] Brodo IM, Studies of the genus Ochrolechia. 2. Corticolous species of North America. Canadian Journal of Botany, 69: Dibben MJ, The chemosystematics of the lichen genus Pertusaria in North America North of Mexico. Publication in Biology and Geology, 5: Hawksworth DL, Kirk PM, Sutton BC, Pegler DN, Dictionary of the fungi. CAB International, Wallingford, 95(6): Jia ZF, Zhao ZT, A preliminary of the lichen genus Ochrolechia in China. Mycosystema, 22(1): (in Chinese) Verseghy K, Die Gattung Ochrolechia. Beihefte zur Nova Hedwigia, 1: Wei JC, An enumeration of lichens in China. International Academic Publishers, Beijing White FJ, James PW, A new guide to microchemical techniques for the identification of lichen substances. British Lichen Society Bulletin, 57(suppl.): 1-41