A current generates magnetic field I
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1 > Magnetic field geneated by A long, staight cuent =μ o /2π A cuent loop =μ o /2 A cuent geneates magnetic field < N > S A long staight vetical segment of wie taveses a magnetic field of magnitude 2.0 T in the diection shown in the diagam. The length of the wie that lies in the magnetic field is m. When the switch is closed, a cuent of 4.0 A flows though the wie fom point P to point Q. 1. Which one of the following statements concening the effect of the magnetic foce on the wie is tue? (a) The wie will be pushed to the left. (b) The wie will be pushed to the ight. (c) The wie will have no net foce acting on it. (d) The wie will be pushed downwad, into the plane of the sceen. X (e) The wie will be pushed upwad, out of the plane of the sceen. A loop of wie with a weight of 1.47 N is oiented vetically and caies a cuent = 1.75 A. A segment of the wie passes though a magnetic field diected into the plane of the page as shown. The net foce on the wie is measued using a balance and found to be zeo. What is the magnitude of the magnetic field? (a) zeo tesla (d) 1.5 T (b) 0.51 T (e) 4.2 TX (c) 0.84 T 2. What is the magnitude of the magnetic foce acting on the wie? (a) 0.12 N (c) 0.48 N X (e) 0 N (b) 0.24 N (d) 67 N Two loops cay equal cuents in the same diection. The loops ae held in the positions shown in the figue and ae then eleased. Which one of the following statements coectly descibes the subsequent behavio of the loops? Two long, staight, paallel wies sepaated by a distance d cay cuents in opposite diections as shown in the figue. The bottom wie caies a cuent of 6.0 A. Point C is at the midpoint between the wies and point O is a distance 0.50d below the 6-A wie as suggested in the figue. The total magnetic field at point O is zeo tesla. (a) oth loops move to the left. (b) The loops emain in the positions shown. (c) The top loop moves to the ight; the bottom loop moves to the ight. (d) The loops epel each othe. (e) The loops attact each othe.x 1. Detemine the value of the cuent,, in the top wie. (a) 2 A (c) 6 A (e) This cannot be detemined since (b) 3 A (d) 18 A X the value of d is not specified. 2. Detemine the magnitude of the magnetic field at point C if d = 0.10 m. (a) 2.4x10 5 T (c) 9.6x10 5 T X (e) 1.4x10 4 T (b) 4.8x10 5 T (d) 1.1x10 4 T
2 Two long, staight wies ae pependicula to the plane of the pape as shown in the dawing. Each wie caies a cuent of magnitude. The cuents ae diected out of the pape towad you. Which one of the following expessions coectly gives the magnitude of the total magnetic field at the oigin of the x,y coodinate system? (a) μ o /2d (b) μ o /2πd (c) μ o / 2πd (d) μ o / 2d (e) μ o /d X The adius of a coil of wie with N tuns is = 0.22 m. A cuent coil = 2.0 A flows clockwise in the coil, as shown. A long, staight wie caying a cuent wie = 31 A towad the left is located 0.05 m fom the edge of the coil. The magnetic field at the cente of the coil is zeo tesla. Detemine N, the numbe of tuns. (a) 2 (b) 4 X (c) 3 (d) 1 (e) 6 Magnetic field inside a solenoid Loops fo Real Magnets =Nμ o /l=nμ o whee N is numbe of loops o tuns, l the length of the solenoid, and n the numbe of the loops pe unit length itte Disk loida-itte Disk =nμ o The lage, the stonge The stongest field is 45 T, moe than a million times stonge than the eath s field, T Example: A solenoid 20 cm long and 4 cm in diamete is wounded with a total of 200 tuns of wie. The solenoid is aligned with its axis paallel to the eath s magnetic field which is 3x10-5 T in magnitude. What should the cuent in the solenoid be in ode fo its field to exactly cancel the eath s field inside the solenoid? Solution: Since l=0.2 m and N=200 tuns, =Nμ o /l =l/μ o N=(3x10-5 T)(0.2)/(4πx10-7 Tm/A)(200)=0.024 A=24 ma The solenoid diamete has no significance except as a check that the solenoid is long elative to its diamete. =nμ o The lage n, the stonge
3 Magnetic oce Applications of Magnetism =qvsinθ fo a moving chage =lsinθ fo a cuent Top view b a/2 a/2 =b τ= Toque on a Cuent Loop DC moto Θ Loop plane τ=a/2 + a/2 = a=ba=a whee A=ab, the aea of the loop Loop plane makes an angle Θ with τ=asinθ (because a/2sinθ) Loop plane makes an angle Θ with τ=0 A cuent loop in a magnetic field always tends to tun so that its plane becomes pependicula to the field Question: A cuent-caying wie is in a unifom magnetic field with the diection of the cuent the same as that of the field (a) Thee is a foce on the wie that tends to move it paallel to the field (b) Thee is a foce on the wie that tends to move it pependicula to the field (c) Thee is a toque on the wie that tends to otate it until it is pependicula to the field (d) Thee is neithe a foce no a toque on the wie Answe: d
4 Question: A cuent-caying loop in a magnetic field always tends to otate until the plane of the loop is (a) paallel to the field (b) pependicula to the field (c) eithe paallel o pependicula to the field, depending on the diection of the cuent (d) at a 45 angle with the field Answe: b Question: The natue of the foce esponsible fo the opeation of an electic moto is (a) electic (b) magnetic (c) a combination of electic and magnetic (d) eithe electic o magnetic depending on the design of the moto Answe: b Galvanometes Loudspeakes τ=nasinθ=kφ (τ=kφ estoing toque) φ= NAsinΘ/k As the cuent altenates at a fequency of the audio signal, the speake cone moves back and foth at the same fequency, geneating sound waves. The Hall Effect Mass Spectomete - EH l ev d =ee H so E H =v d whee v d is the dift velocity Hall emf (potential diffeence) E H =E h l= v d l Hall pobe, density of chage caies
5 2 An electon tavels though a egion of space with no acceleation. Which one of the following statements is the best conclusion? (a) oth E and must be zeo in that egion. (b) E must be zeo, but might be non-zeo in that egion. X (c) E and might both be non-zeo, but they must be mutually pependicula. (d) must be zeo, but E might be non-zeo in that egion. (e) E and might both be non-zeo, but they must point in opposite diections. E =qe, M =qv Stage 1: qe=qv thus v=e/ Stage 2: qv =mv 2 / so m=q /v=q /E Two chaged paticles ae taveling in cicula obits with the same speed in a egion of unifom magnetic field that is diected into the page, as shown. The magnitude of the chage on each paticle is identical, but the signs of the chages ae unequal. Which one of the enties in the table below is coect? Questions: Two ions have the same mass, but one is singly ionized and othe is doubly ionized. How will thei positions on the film of the mass spectogaph? Answe: The two ions have the same v egadless of chage, and =mv 2 /R=qv >> R=mv/q So the singly-ionized ion will end up at twice the distance of the doublyionized ion at the end of the half cicle path. Mass Relationship Sign of chage Q 1 Sign of chage Q 2 (a) m1 = m2 + (b) m1 > m2 + X (c) m1 < m2 + (d) m1 > m2 + (e) m1 < m2 + Magnetic oce Moving chages in magnetic field: =qv =qv is at the heat of all these applications!
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