The Development of a Climate Façade for a Hot Humid Climate
|
|
- Noreen Holmes
- 7 years ago
- Views:
Transcription
1 The Development of a Climate Façade for a Hot Humid Climate Peter van den Engel, Dr. Ir., Deerns Consulting Engineers and Delft University of Technology, subdepartment Climate Design; p.vd.engel@deerns.nl Georgios Mixoudis, Ir., Deerns Consulting Engineers; g.mixoudis@deerns.nl KEYWORDS: climate façade, mock-up, hot climate SUMMARY: After simulating the thermal performance of a climate façade for Abu Dhabi, a climate façade was tested in a mock-up room. This façade is compared with combinations of other façade and building services.. Introduction The green building concept is the starting point of design for many new buildings in the United Arabic Emirates, in cities like Dubai and Abu Dhabi. These buildings should have a modern and open character, integrated with Arabic cultural elements. One of the goals of the green building concept is a low energy consumption. Some principles of energy reduction are: Cool as much as possible with water instead of air. Reduce solar heat entering the façade. Make use of daylight as much as possible. At the moment several buildings with almost 70% glass façades - related tot the total façade surface - are developed in the U.A.E.. This normally creates both problems of overheating and a high energy consumption. However, with the use of a climate façade, it is possible to compensate these negative influences. The g-value of the glass is a very important factor to evaluate the external heat load. The g-value of conventional glass in the U.A.E. is In order to limit the external heat load the maximum glass percentage of the façade is normally 40%. Combining lower g-values with enough visible light transmittance, a higher percentage of glass is possible, up to even 70%. The g-value is defined as the amount of solar energy that enters the office room via radiation and convection. 2. Methods Design and physical principles of conventional climate façades were analysed. Based on these analyses the climate façade concept was adapted to hot and humid climates. For instance, double glass on the outside should have a low g-value of at least approx By means of simulations in TRNSYS and CFD (Phoenics), predictions of temperatures were made. A mock-up room with a climate façade was built. The mock-up room has the following dimensions: L x w x h = 6.2 x 6.2 x 2.8 m. The climate façade has a height of 2.6 m. The roof has an U-value of 0.4 W/m 2 K. The walls are double and are cooled mechanically. Measurements of airflow, temperature, solar radiation and humidity gave a lot of information. Moreover, indicative measurements showed the effect of this type of façade equipped with reflecting blinds on visual comfort. One of the most important evaluation parameters is the technical performance of the façade; damage to the façade due to local high temperatures or quick changes in temperatures should be prevented.
2 In order to predict the energy qualities, the climate façade is compared with other façades like a conventional façade with solar protected (reflecting) glass, a natural ventilated second skin façade and a façade with solar shading elements on the outside. 3. Results 3. Simulations 3.. TRNSYS-simulations With TRNSYS simulations an overview of the thermal behaviour of the façade of a whole year can be given. The solar energy at a south facade in Dubai is ca 850 W/m 2 in winter and ca 450 W/m 2 in summer due to the altitude of the sun, which leads to a higher external heat load in winter than in summer. The parameters used in the simulation include: - airflow = 35 m 3 /h per.20 m façade - g-value of the double glass = U-value of the glass =.04 W/m 2 K - visible light transmittance of the double glass = 56% - indoor temperature = 24 o C - height of the climate façade = 2.6 m 30 o C 40 o C 20 o C FIG.: Cavity and surface temperature of the glass at the office-side (left) and ambient air temperature in o C (right). TRNSYS-simulations of a whole year show a maximum surface temperature of the glass at the office-side of 29 (summer) - 33 o C (winter). A simulation of one day the 6 th of September (fig. 2) can be compared with measurements on that day (figure 7-9). The TRNSYS-year is an average of climatical data of the past (96-990). At the moment the temperature and humidity has become higher than the TRNSYS-simulations suggest.
3 2 3 FIG.2: Simulated temperatures of the air in the cavity and glass () at the office-side and the ambient temperature of the 6 th of September (2, max. ca 40 o C). The amount of solar energy is presented at the right side (3, max. ca 600 W/m 2 ). TRNSYS-simulations show that the g-value is not a fixed value. When the blinds are open the effective g-value in summer will be 0.29 and in winter With blinds closed the g-value will be lower than 0.8 in summer and 0.0 in winter (table ): TABLE : Overview of temperatures, energy transport, external heat load and g-values (south façade) Solar energy Blinds closed winter 850 W/m 2 glass surface Outdoor temperature Heat transport to office 20 o C 88 W/m 2 glass surface Heat load office 40 W/m 2 floor surface Blinds closed summer 450 W/m 2 45 o C W/m Blinds open winter 850 W/m 2 20 o C W/m Blinds open summer 450 W/m 2 45 o C W/m Effective g-value CFD-calculations CFD-calculations were made with blinds fully closed and fully opened. Fully closed blinds The parameters used in the simulation with closed blinds include: Outdoor temperature = 48 C Outdoor heat transfer coefficient = 25 W/m 2 K Indoor temperature = 22 C Indoor heat transfer coefficient = 8 W/m 2 K Gap ventilation supply temperature = 22 C Solar radiation on the façade = 800 W/m 2 A gap between the top of the blinds and the top of the cavity and the lowest blinds and the bottom of the cavity.
4 40 o C 27 o C 22 o C FIG.3: CFD simulations of the façade with closed blinds At the inside the average temperature of the glass is 27 o C, with 22 o C near the floor and 40 o C near the top Fully open blinds 20% of the solar radiation via the double window (240 W/m 2, g = 0.3) is absorbed by the blinds. 80% = 92 W/m 2 solar radiation passes the single glass at the office-side and enters the office. 45 o C 33 o C 25 o C 22 o C FIG.4: CFD simulations of the façade with open blinds At the inside the average temperature of the glass is ca. 25 o C, with 22 o C near the floor and 33 o C near the top. The maximum temperature of the blinds is 45 o C. The CFD-simulations show lower average glass temperatures than the TRNSYS-simulations. Points of attention that are checked by the CFD-simulations are: When the ventilation system of the façade fails, it is necessary to pull up the blinds to prevent overheating. This requires an automatic control system. The air should be extracted at the top fo the cavity to prevent heat accumulation at the top of the façade.
5 Equal distribution of air at the bottom of the cavity is necessary, the air inlet velocity schould be ca m/s in order to produce effective heat removal at both sides of the blinds. 3.2 Measurements 3.2. Thermal comfort In a mock-up room (6 x 6 m) measurements of the thermal comfort and the performance of the climate façade have been carried out. The mock-up room is cooled by water, by cooled beams in the ceiling (induction unit) and by a cooled floor and by (fresh) air via the cooled beams. FIG.5: Surface temperature of the glass at the inside and ceiling temperature Measurements of a façade in a mock-up room in Abu Dhabi on the 6 th September 2007 (2 pm) show an inside glass temperature of o C at a height of,4 m, o C near the floor and 25 o C near the top. The lower surface temperature near the top is created by cooled beams (induction unit) in the ceiling near the façade (fig. 5, to the right at the top). The air inlet temperature near the floor is 23 o C. The influence of the high outside glass temperatures (fig. 6) is low. FIG.6: Surface temperature of the glass at the outside Due to high street temperatures the outside glass temperature is 56 o C near the street and 5 o C near the top.
6 The 6 th September 2007 shows the following climate: 3 2 FIG.7: Ambient temperature (3, o C), absolute humidity (2, g/m 3 ) and solar radiation (W/m 2 ) on the façade on the 6 th September 2007 (, max. 600 W/m 2, with peaks of 00 W/m 2 above this maximum) FIG.8: Inner glass surface temperature (2) and operative room temperature (). The other temperatures are the surface temperature of the outer glazing at the cavity side (4) and the façade outlet temperature (3). Surface temperatures of the inner glazing show a maximum of 28 o C. In the cavity the glass temperature of the outer glazing is maximal 35.5 o C. The inside glass temperatures are ca. 2 o C lower than predicted with TRNSYS FIG.9: Façade inlet and outlet temperature and air temperature of the cavity behind and in front of the blinds. The following parameters are represented: Façade cavity inlet temperature (), operative room temperature (2), cavity temperature at the room side (3), façade outlet temperature (4) and cavity temperature in front of the blinds (5).
7 The maximum air temperatures in the cavity are ca 33 o C. TRNSYS simulations show lower maximum temperatures of 30 o C. However, the measured average outdoor temperature and the amount of solar radiation is more than in the TRNSYS model. The results show an acceptable relation between simulations and measurements of the thermal performance of the façade. The tools proved to be reliable enough for engineering purposes. Measurements of the thermal comfort in the office showed a comfort level equivalent to class A of the NEN-ISO Energy The measurements give some information about the energetic performance as well. The amount of heat absorbed by the cavity (open blinds) is 58 W per m 2 façade. This a little more than the presumed 48 W per m 2 facade for the CFD simulations (fig. 4). It is calculated after measurements of the airflow and air inlet and outlet temperature of the cavity. It was not possible to measure the external heat load in more detail. This is only possible when a mock-up room is highly insulated and is shielded very well from the outdoor climate Visual comfort Reflecting blinds (6% reflection) are applied in order both to promote the use of daylight and to reflect solar energy effectively. The position of the blinds is mechanically controlled via a control algorithm (Warema, Germany) which has to be adapted to the circumstances in Abu Dhabi. The measurements indicate that glare can occur in the office, when the blinds are open in summer. Consequently the control of the blinds should take into account the risk of glare. Brightness ratios of :60 between an average computer screen and the blinds can occur. Winter requires another kind of attention, since there will be more sunlight at the south facing facade with a low sun altitude, compared to the the summer when the sun approaches the zenith at midday. A possible alternative to the current design of the facade could be the use of 2 segments. A lower part of the facade with manual blind control, to make it easy to close the blinds in case of glare, and an upper part with automatic blind control to maximize the use of daylight. 3.3 Exploitation analysis The climate façade is compared with a room with a traditional façade with glass with a g-value of 0.26: External heat load W/m hours Traditional facade Active facade Fig. 0: Comparison external heat load of an office with a façade with a façade (70% glass) with an average g- value of 0.4 (climate façade, ) with a traditional façade with a g-value of 0.26 (2). Four different combinations of façade design and installation-types are compared. The operation and maintenance costs of the climate façade-options proved to be lowest (price level 2008). The combination with cooled beams (induction) with a cooled floor is the most favorable:
8 Operation & Maintenance Costs Fig. : Operation and maintenance costs of traditional climate design options with a high glass percentage of ca 70% (average g-value = 0.26) versus design options with a climate façade (average g-value = 0.4). The costs per month are related to the seize of the mock-up room. 3.4 Alternative types of façades Months Trad. Facade + Fan Coils Trad. Facade + Induction Climate facade + fan coils Climate facade + induction + floor cooling It might be possible as well to design a second skin façade (Hamza et al, 2007). However, Abu Dhabi has a very dusty environment, which prevents this option. Making use of external sunshade might be another possiblity. In order to have advantage of daylight and a maximum of outdoor view, external sunshades should be movable. Maintenance problems and limitations in case of high rise buildings make this option less attractive. 4. Conclusion This research of the climate façade fo Abu Dhabi shows the usefulness of design tools and shows that it is possible to design open transparent buildings with a high glass percentage in hot humid climates as well. Only small adaptations of the original climate façade concept are necessary. With this information the performance of other types of climate façade s can be predicted more accurately in the future. 5. References Hamza N., Gomaa A., Underwood C. (2007). Daylighting and thermal analysis of an obstructed double skin façade in hot areas, Proceedings of Clima 2007 Well Being Indoors, Helsinki, Finland. Bekker J., Renes S. (987). Laboratoriumonderzoek naar ontwerpcriteria voor klimaatramen (research report climate façade s), Bronswerk Airconditioning Research Centre, The Netherlands. 6. Acknowledgements The authors want to thank Marcus Offermann and Ruud van der Sman for their measurements of the Mock-up room, Wiebe Zoon and Vincent Vallenduuc for the CFD-simulations and Karel van de Wetering for reading the manuscript. The project is a practical test for the new office of Reem Emirates Aluminium in Abu Dhabi, for which building this climate façade is applied.
Building skin and energy efficiency in a hot climate with particular reference to Dubai, UAE
Energy and Sustainability 287 Building skin and energy efficiency in a hot climate with particular reference to Dubai, UAE M. A. Haggag UAE University, United Arab Emirates Abstract The city of Dubai,
More informationResearcH JournaL 2009 / VOL 01.01. www.perkinswill.com
ResearcH JournaL 2009 / VOL 01.01 www.perkinswill.com PERKINS+WILL RESEARCH JOURNAL / VOL 01.01 05. CONTEXT BASED DESIGN OF DOUBLE SKIN FACADES Climatic Considerations During the Design Process Ajla Aksamija,
More informationAdaptive strategies for office spaces in the UK climate
International Conference Passive and Low Energy Cooling 631 Adaptive strategies for office spaces in the UK climate I. Gallou Environment & Energy Studies Programme, Architectural Association Graduate
More informationEnergy Efficient HVAC-system and Building Design
Energy Efficient HVAC-system and Building Design Maija Virta 1, Harri Itkonen 1, Panu Mustakallio 1, Risto Kosonen 1 1 Halton Oy, Finland Corresponding email: maija.virta@halton.com SUMMARY This paper
More informationSELECTIVE GLAZING FOR SUN CONTROL
SUN CONTROL GLAZING SELECTIVE GLAZING FOR SUN CONTROL Sun Factor 1st level performance for direct solar energy Solar energy control Solar control coating Only if the glass is exposed to sun rays! 2nd level
More informationEco Pelmet Modelling and Assessment. CFD Based Study. Report Number 610.14351-R1D1. 13 January 2015
EcoPelmet Pty Ltd c/- Geoff Hesford Engineering 45 Market Street FREMANTLE WA 6160 Version: Page 2 PREPARED BY: ABN 29 001 584 612 2 Lincoln Street Lane Cove NSW 2066 Australia (PO Box 176 Lane Cove NSW
More informationOpening the Bonnet. Prof Darren Woolf WYSINWYG 1
Opening the Bonnet Prof Darren Woolf WYSINWYG 1 WYSINWYG What You See Is NOT What You Get: Looking inside the Pandora s Box Prof Darren Woolf WYSINWYG 2 WYSIWYG implies a user interface that allows the
More informationTHE EFFECT OF WINDOW POSITION AND WINDOW SIZE ON THE ENERGY DEMAND FOR HEATING, COOLING AND ELECTRIC LIGHTING. R.M.J. Bokel
THE EFFECT OF WINDOW POSITION AND WINDOW SIZE ON THE ENERGY DEMAND FOR HEATING, COOLING AND ELECTRIC LIGHTING R.M.J. Bokel Department of Architecture, Delft Technical University, Delft, The Netherlands,
More informationWindow Thermal Performance Optimization in Governmental Emirati Housing Prototype in Abu Dhabi, UAE
Window Thermal Performance Optimization in Governmental Emirati Housing Prototype in Abu Dhabi, UAE Abuimara, Tareq A 1 ; Tabet Aoul, Kheira A. 1 1 Department of Architectural Engineering, United Arab
More informationANSI/ASHRAE Standard 140-2004 Building Thermal Envelope and Fabric Load Tests
ANSI/ASHRAE Standard 140-2004 Building Thermal Envelope and Fabric Load Tests DesignBuilder Version 1.2.0 (incorporating EnergyPlus version 1.3.0) - June 2006 1.0 Purpose The ANSI/ASHRAE Standard 140-2004
More informationDienstleistung. Certification as "Quality Approved Passive House" Criteria for Residential-Use Passive Houses
Passiv Haus Institut Passivhaus Dienstleistung GmbH Dr. Wolfgang Feist Rheinstr. 44/46 Rheinstr. 44/46 D-64283 Darmstadt D-64283 Darmstadt www.passiv.de www.passivhaus-info.de Certification as "Quality
More informationTHE NATIONAL BUILDING REGULATIONS PART XA: ENERGY EFFICIENCY. Presentation by Peter Henshall-Howard: HEAD: BUILDING DEVELOPMENT MANAGEMENT.
THE NATIONAL BUILDING REGULATIONS PART XA: ENERGY EFFICIENCY. Presentation by Peter Henshall-Howard: HEAD: BUILDING DEVELOPMENT MANAGEMENT. A Diagrammatic representation of the relationship between the
More informationFACTORS AFFECTING ENERGY CONSUMPTION OF BUILDINGS
FACTORS AFFECTING ENERGY CONSUMPTION OF BUILDINGS 1 Ralf Lindberg, Professor Minna Korpi, M.Sc. Juha Vinha, Dr.Tech. June 11, 2008 Department of Civil Engineering, Tampere University of Technology 2 BACKGROUND
More informationLocation Design Trends - South Jutland, Denmark
Client: County of South Jutland (Liane T. Schwarz) Design Team: Birch & Krogboe Esbensen A/S S&I Architects Contractor: To be chosen ( partnering ) To stimulate Integrated Design Process Aim (Innovation):
More informationResidential HVAC Load Sizing Training October 14, 2015. David Kaiser Green Code Plan Reviewer
Residential HVAC Load Sizing Training October 14, 2015 David Kaiser Green Code Plan Reviewer DCRA - Green Building Division Regulations of green codes including: Green Building Act Green Construction Code
More informationCOMPARISON OF THE THERMAL ENVIRONMENT IN ROOMS WITH CHILLED BEAM AND RADIANT PANEL SYSTEMS
COMPARISON OF THE THERMAL ENVIRONMENT IN ROOMS WITH CHILLED BEAM AND RADIANT PANEL SYSTEMS Risto Kosonen, Panu Mustakallio Arsen Melikov 2, Marcin Duszyk 2 Oy Halton Group Ltd., Helsinki, Finland. 2 International
More informationHeating / Ventilation / Air Conditioning Room Climate Control with ABB i-bus KNX
Heating / Ventilation / Air Conditioning Room Climate Control with ABB i-bus KNX Content Heating / Ventilation / Air Conditioning 3 The Right Room Climate 4 Optimised Energy Efficiency and well-being Room
More informationEnergy efficient home design
Energy efficient home design GUIDELINES How an energy efficient home can help you live in comfort and save money An energy efficient home is designed to provide shade and allow cooling breezes to enter
More informationEFA PSBP. Natural Ventilation Strategy. Introduction. 1.1 Relevant legislation. 1.1.1 The Building Regulations 2010
EFA PSBP Natural Ventilation Strategy Introduction The Baseline Designs Project will provide scheme design details for a number of Primary and Secondary School Exemplars. For the purposes of setting a
More informationEnergy audit in Finland
Energy audit in Finland NorTech Oulu Lauri Mikkonen Energy Audit in Finland An energy audit tells about the energy efficiency and total energy consumption in a building, including all consumed heating,
More informationMarko G. IGNJATOVIĆ *, Bratislav D. BLAGOJEVIĆ, Branislav V. STOJANOVIĆ, and Mladen M. STOJILJKOVIĆ
Ignjatović, M., G.et. al.: Influence of Different Glazing Types and Ventilation S521 INFLUENCE OF GLAZING TYPES AND VENTILATION PRINCIPLES IN DOUBLE SKIN FAÇADES ON DELIVERED HEATING AND COOLING ENERGY
More informationHolistic Approach in Delivering Government Buildings The Low Carbon Concept
International Conference on Planning for Low Carbon Cities 22 May 2009 Holistic Approach in Delivering Government Buildings The Low Carbon Concept Ir. HO Sai-king, Assistant Director (Building Services),
More informationSOLAR ENERGY How much strikes the earth? How much can my building get? When is it too much?
SOLAR ENERGY How much strikes the earth? How much can my building get? When is it too much? The sun: friend of foe? Drawing by Le Corbusier ENGS 44 Sustainable Design Benoit Cushman-Roisin 14 April 2015
More informationCHAPTER 3. BUILDING THERMAL LOAD ESTIMATION
CHAPTER 3. BUILDING THERMAL LOAD ESTIMATION 3.1 Purpose of Thermal Load Estimation 3.2 Heating Load versus Cooling Load 3.3 Critical Conditions for Design 3.4 Manual versus Computer Calculations 3.5 Heating
More informationSolar air collectors for industry and larger halls S Ø. Efficient dehumidification and air heating for free...
Solar air collectors for industry and larger halls N S Ø Efficient dehumidification and air heating for free... This booklet contains information about SolarVenti Industrial air solar system. The system
More informationPERFORMANCE EVALUATION OF WATER-FLOW WINDOW GLAZING
PERFORMANCE EVALUATION OF WATER-FLOW WINDOW GLAZING LI CHUNYING DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY CITY UNIVERSITY OF HONG KONG FEBRUARY 2012 CITY UNIVERSITY OF HONG KONG 香 港 城 市 大 學 Performance Evaluation of Water-flow
More informationData Bulletin. Mounting Variable Frequency Drives in Electrical Enclosures Thermal Concerns OVERVIEW WHY VARIABLE FREQUENCY DRIVES THERMAL MANAGEMENT?
Data Bulletin April 2001 Raleigh, NC, USA Mounting Variable Frequency Drives in Electrical Enclosures Thermal Concerns OVERVIEW Variable frequency drives are available from manufacturers as enclosed engineered
More informationSolar Energy Utilisation in Buildings
Solar Energy Utilisation in Buildings P. Karava, PhD Assistant professor Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering University of Western Ontario 2 Modern Buildings Change in architectural style
More informationThe Influence of Insulation Styles on the Air Conditioning Load of Japanese Multi- Family Residences
The Influence of Insulation Styles on the Air Conditioning Load of Japanese Multi- Family Residences Yupeng Wang 1, and Hiroatsu Fukuda 2 1 Department of BCEE, Concordia University, Canada, Email: wangyupeng0628@gmail.com
More informationCAN DEMAND CONTROLLED VENTILATION REPLACE SPACE HEATING IN OFFICE BUILDINGS WITH LOW HEATING DEMAND?
Topic B3: Control of indoor environment CAN DEMAND CONTROLLED VENTILATION REPLACE SPACE HEATING IN OFFICE BUILDINGS WITH LOW HEATING DEMAND? Axel CABLE 1,*, Mads MYSEN 1,2, Kari THUNSHELLE 1 1 SINTEF,
More informationPassive Solar Design and Concepts
Passive Solar Design and Concepts Daylighting 1 Passive Solar Heating Good architecture? The judicious use of south glazing coupled with appropriate shading and thermal mass. Summer Winter Passive solar
More informationCO2 Emissions. Indirect CO 2. Emissions Electricity and Heat Production 25 % Direct Emissions AFOLU 24 % Energy 1,4% Buildings 6,4 % Industry 11 %
CO2 Emissions Direct Emissions AFOLU 24 % Buildings 6,4 % Transport 14 % 49 Gt CO2 eq (2010) Indirect CO 2 Emissions Electricity and Heat Production 25 % Energy 1,4% Industry 11 % Transport 0,3 % Industry
More informationKlosterenga, Oslo, Norway, 1998-2000 page - 1
Klosterenga, Oslo, Norway, 1998-2000 page - 1 Introduction Klosterenga is an urban revitalisation project close to the city centre of Oslo. The 3 apartments were built with a focus on energy saving. Next
More informationENERGY AUDIT. Project : Industrial building United Arab Emirates (Case study) Contact person (DERBIGUM):
ENERGY AUDIT Project : Industrial building United Arab Emirates (Case study) Contact person (DERBIGUM): Leonard Fernandes DERBIGUM project reference : UAE -2014 - EA 103 Author : Daniel Heffinck (DERBIGUM)
More informationAIRCONDITIONING Cooling Loads Calculations
Calculations -1- AIRCONDITIONING Cooling s Calculations Employer : 4M SA Project Location : ASHRAE Office Room : Example from ASHRAE 2013 Handbook - Fundamentals : Chapter 18, Single Room Example (p. 18.37)
More informationSubtropical Cities September 2006. Design for Energy Efficiency in Commercial Buildings in Queensland
Subtropical Cities September 2006 Design for Energy Efficiency in Commercial Buildings in Queensland Contents Typical Building Constraints & Requirements Understanding Energy Consumption in Buildings HVAC
More informationSelecting Energy Efficient New Windows in Texas
Selecting Energy Efficient New Windows in Texas www.efficientwindows.org January 06 Zones. Meet the Energy Code & Look for the Windows must comply with your local energy code. Windows that are certified
More informationSENSITIVITY STUDY FOR ARCHITECTURAL DESIGN STRATEGIES OF OFFICE BUILDINGS IN CENTRAL CHILE: EFFECTIVENESS OF NOCTURNAL VENTILATION.
SENSITIVITY STUDY FOR ARCHITECTURAL DESIGN STRATEGIES OF OFFICE BUILDINGS IN CENTRAL CHILE: EFFECTIVENESS OF NOCTURNAL VENTILATION. Waldo Bustamante *1, Felipe Encinas 2 and Francisco Sánchez de la Flor
More informationSelecting Energy Efficient New Windows in Florida
Selecting Energy Efficient New Windows in Florida www.efficientwindows.org January 06 Zones. Meet the Energy Code & Look for the Windows must comply with your local energy code. Windows that are certified
More informationLOW-E PHOTOVOLTAIC GLASS TECHNICAL GUIDE
LOW-E GLASS TECHNICAL GUIDE SELECTIVE INFRARED RADIATION FILTER Infrared radiation coming from natural sun light can cause a heat build-up inside building; This situation leads to thermal imbalance during
More informationSolar Homes Catch the Sun. Are you planning a new house? Discover how you can apply solar architecture principles to:
PASSIVE Solar Design Solar Homes Catch the Sun Are you planning a new house? Discover how you can apply solar architecture principles to: keep your heating bills to a minimum enjoy the comfort of a warm
More informationAIR CONDITIONING EFFICIENCY F8 Energy eco-efficiency opportunities in Queensland Foundries
AIR CONDITIONING EFFICIENCY F8 Energy eco-efficiency opportunities in Queensland Foundries Hot tips and cool ideas to save energy and money! Air conditioning units or systems are often used by foundries
More informationNew technical solutions for energy efficient buildings
- New technical solutions for energy efficient buildings State of the Art Report Energy efficient building design Authors: Heimo Staller, Angelika Tisch, IFZ Oct. 2010 Background In the building sector
More informationHEAT LOAD AND SOLAR GAIN PREDICTION FOR SOLID WALL DWELLINGS RETROFITTED WITH TRIPLE VACUUM GLAZING FOR SELECTED WINDOW TO WALL AREA RATIOS
HEAT LOAD AND SOLAR GAIN PREDICTION FOR SOLID WALL DWELLINGS RETROFITTED WITH TRIPLE VACUUM GLAZING FOR SELECTED WINDOW TO WALL AREA RATIOS Saim Memon Philip C. Eames Centre for Renewable Energy Systems
More informationCOOLING AND HEATING OF BUILDINGS BY ACTIVATING THEIR THERMAL MASS WITH EMBEDDED HYDRONIC PIPE SYSTEMS -
pcoolingandheating COOLING AND HEATING OF BUILDINGS BY ACTIVATING THEIR THERMAL MASS WITH EMBEDDED HYDRONIC PIPE SYSTEMS - Bjarne W. Olesen, Ph.D. D. F. Liedelt "Velta" Summary Due to intensive use of
More informationPassiv Haus Institut. Certification as "Quality Approved Passive House" Criteria for Residential-Use Passive Houses
Passiv Haus Institut Dr. Wolfgang Feist Rheinstr. 44/46 D-64283 Darmstadt www.passiv.de Certification as "Quality Approved Passive House" Criteria for Residential-Use Passive Houses Passive Houses are
More informationDelivering on innovation and market uptake. Best-in-cases of nzeb. Ramon Pascual Bucharest May 8th, 2015
www.zebra2020.eu Delivering on innovation and market uptake. Best-in-cases of nzeb Ramon Pascual Bucharest May 8th, 2015 Outline nzeb Database Best in cases of nzeb Climates in Europe Preliminary results
More informationCHAPTER 11: PASSIVE SOLAR HOMES
Chapter 11: Passive Solar Homes 159 CHAPTER 11: PASSIVE SOLAR HOMES Passive solar homes capture both the beauty of the outside world and the heat coming in from the sun. They are designed with the local
More informationClimate and Energy Responsive Housing in Continental Climates. The Suitability of Passive Houses for Iran's Dry and Cold Climate. Farshad Nasrollahi
Climate and Energy Responsive Housing in Continental Climates The Suitability of Passive Houses for Iran's Dry and Cold Climate Farshad Nasrollahi Table of Contents Abstract German Abstract Introduction
More information3-D Modeller Rendered Visualisations
Recognised energy Dynamic Simulation Modelling (DSM) software DesignBuilder is a user interface to the EnergyPlus DSM. EnergyPlus builds on the most popular features and capabilities of BLAST and DOE-2
More informationTech Bulletin. Understanding Solar Performance
Tech Bulletin Understanding Solar Performance Bekaert solar control window films use advanced technology to benefit consumers with quality solutions that enhance comfort and decrease energy use. By understanding
More informationResidential HVAC System Sizing
Residential HVAC System Sizing William P. Goss University of Massachusetts, Amherst, Massachusetts, USA Corresponding email: goss@acad.umass.edu SUMMARY Heating, ventilating and air-conditioning (HVAC)
More informationSoftware Development for Cooling Load Estimation by CLTD Method
IOSR Journal of Mechanical and Civil Engineering (IOSR-JMCE) ISSN: 2278-1684Volume 3, Issue 6 (Nov. - Dec. 2012), PP 01-06 Software Development for Cooling Load Estimation by CLTD Method Tousif Ahmed Department
More informationENERGY PERFORMANCE MODELLING AND HEAT RECOVERY UNIT EFFICIENCY ASSESSMENT OF AN OFFICE BUILDING
THERMAL SCIENCE: Year 2015, Vol. 19, No. 3, pp. 865-880 865 ENERGY PERFORMANCE MODELLING AND HEAT RECOVERY UNIT EFFICIENCY ASSESSMENT OF AN OFFICE BUILDING by Norbert L. HARMATI a*, Radomir J. FOLI] a,
More informationAdapting to Change: New Thinking on Comfort Natural ventilation in UK schools: design options for passive cooling Steven Firth* and Malcolm Cook
Proceedings of Conference: Adapting to Change: New Thinking on Comfort Cumberland Lodge, Windsor, UK, 9-11 April 2010. London: Network for Comfort and Energy Use in Buildings, http://nceub.org.uk Natural
More informationSelecting Energy Efficient New Windows in California
Selecting Energy Efficient New Windows in California www.efficientwindows.org Janurary 016 Zones 1. Meet the Energy Code & Look for the Windows must comply with your local energy code. Windows that are
More informationConstructions Database User Guide <Virtual Environment> 5.9
Constructions Database User Guide 5.9 Page 1 of 35 Contents 1. Introduction...3 2. Units...4 3. Main Dialogue Project Constructions...5 3.1. Outline...5 3.2. Construction Classes
More informationThe Industry s Most Advanced Sun-Sensing, Adaptive-Tinting Technology For Dynamic Windows
by The Industry s Most Advanced Sun-Sensing, Adaptive-Tinting Technology For Dynamic Windows In Alliance with OCCUPANT COMFORT All of the windows above have the same exterior tint of glass. Why such a
More informationExemplary Retrofitting of an Old School in Stuttgart - EROS -
Exemplary Retrofitting of an Old School in Stuttgart - EROS - City of Stuttgart, Summary The objective of the project was to demonstrate the potentials of a retrofitting process for a typical school in
More informationSPECIAL ISSUE: NATIONAL SCIENCE FOUNDATION WORKSHOP
research journal 2013 / VOL 05.01 www.perkinswill.com SPECIAL ISSUE: NATIONAL SCIENCE FOUNDATION WORKSHOP ARCHITECTURE AND ENGINEERING OF SUSTAINABLE BUILDINGS Current Trends in Low-Energy HVAC Design
More informationTHERMAL LOSSES Thermal Losses Calculations
Calculations -1- THERMAL LOSSES Thermal Losses Calculations Employer : 4M SA Project Location : ASHRAE Office Room : Example from ASHRAE 2013 Handbook - Fundamentals : Chapter 18, Single Room Example Peak
More informationNorwegian Tax Authority - Oslo Norway
1. INTRODUCTION Norwegian Tax Authority - Oslo Norway PROJECT SUMMARY Year of construction - 1980 No previous energy renovations SPECIAL FEATURES Main topics in the renovation are: High insulated pre fabricated
More informationParametric Analysis of School Classroom Typologies' Energy Performance
PLEA2013-29th Conference, Sustainable Architecture for a Renewable Future, Munich, Germany 10-12 September 2013 Parametric Analysis of School Classroom Typologies' Energy Performance MAUREEN TREBILCOCK
More informationWhat is Solar Control?
A better environment inside and out. Solar, Safety and Security Window Films: Tech Bulletin Understanding Solar Performance Solar Gard solar control window films use advanced technology to benefit consumers
More informationEnergy Efficient Hospital Patient Room Design: Effect of Room Shape on Windowto-Wall Ratio in a Desert Climate
Energy Efficient Hospital Patient Room Design: Effect of Room Shape on Windowto-Wall Ratio in a Desert Climate Ahmed Sherif Hanan Sabry Rasha Arafa Ayman Wagdy [Department of Construction and Architectural
More informationProblem Statement In order to satisfy production and storage requirements, small and medium-scale industrial
Problem Statement In order to satisfy production and storage requirements, small and medium-scale industrial facilities commonly occupy spaces with ceilings ranging between twenty and thirty feet in height.
More informationComparison of two calculation methods used to estimate cooling energy demand and indoor summer temperatures
Comparison of two calculation methods used to estimate cooling energy demand and indoor summer temperatures Kai Sirén and Ala Hasan Helsinki University of Technology, Finland Corresponding email: kai.siren@tkk.fi
More informationMiami Science Museum DoE Modelling Grant. Light Planning. 19 December 2008 Concept Design
DoE Modelling Grant 19 December 2008 Concept Design 155 Avenue of the Americas, New York NY 10013 Tel +1 212 229 2669 Fax +1 212 229 1056 www.arup.com Job Number 131761 au Introduction Table of Contents
More informationSelecting Energy Efficient Replacement Windows in Nevada
Selecting Energy Efficient Replacement Windows in Nevada www.efficientwindows.org January 06 STAR Zones. Meet the Energy Code & Look for the STAR Windows must comply with your local energy code. Windows
More informationSolar Heating Basics. 2007 Page 1. a lot on the shape, colour, and texture of the surrounding
2007 Page 1 Solar Heating Basics Reflected radiation is solar energy received by collectorsfrom adjacent surfaces of the building or ground. It depends a lot on the shape, colour, and texture of the surrounding
More informationDiego Ibarra Christoph Reinhart Harvard Graduate School of Design
Building Performance Simulation for Designers - Energy DesignBuilder // EnergyPlus Tutorial #2 Load Schedules GEOMETRY LOADS RESULTS Diego Ibarra Christoph Reinhart Harvard Graduate School of Design OVERVIEW
More informationSelecting Energy Efficient New Windows in Georgia
Selecting Energy Efficient New Windows in Georgia www.efficientwindows.org January 016 ENERGY STAR Zones 1. Meet the Energy Code & Look for the ENERGY STAR Windows must comply with your local energy code.
More informationUnbeatable energy efficient glass curtain wall system
Unbeatable energy efficient glass curtain wall system CONTENT Introduction 1 System 2 World Class Engineering 4 Unit Selection 5 Energy Efficiency & Comfort 10 Maximised Installation Efficiency 12 Aesthetics
More informationCHAPTER 3. The sun and the seasons. Locating the position of the sun
zenith 90 summer solstice 75 equinox 52 winter solstice 29 altitude angles observer Figure 3.1: Solar noon altitude angles for Melbourne SOUTH winter midday shadow WEST summer midday shadow summer EAST
More information薄 膜 對 提 高 樓 宇 窗 戶 性 能 的 研 究 分 析
Hui, S. C. M. and Kwok, M. K., 2006. Study of thin films to enhance window performance in buildings, In Proceedings of the Sichuan-Hong Kong Joint Symposium 2006, 30 June-1 July 2006, Chengdu, China, pp.
More informationSiemens Gebze Location FIRST GREEN BUILDING IN TURKEY CERTIFICIED AS LEED GOLD
FIRST GREEN BUILDING IN TURKEY CERTIFICIED AS LEED GOLD Slide 1 Energy Efficiency Workshop with KFW & TSKB Sep 28th, 2010 The LEED Green Building Rating System is a voluntary standard that defines high
More informationSelecting Energy Efficient New Windows in Arizona
Selecting Energy Efficient New Windows in Arizona www.efficientwindows.org January 016 ENERGY STAR Zones 1. Meet the Energy Code & Look for the ENERGY STAR Windows must comply with your local energy code.
More informationCFD SIMULATION OF SDHW STORAGE TANK WITH AND WITHOUT HEATER
International Journal of Advancements in Research & Technology, Volume 1, Issue2, July-2012 1 CFD SIMULATION OF SDHW STORAGE TANK WITH AND WITHOUT HEATER ABSTRACT (1) Mr. Mainak Bhaumik M.E. (Thermal Engg.)
More informationEXPERIMENTAL AND CFD ANALYSIS OF A SOLAR BASED COOKING UNIT
EXPERIMENTAL AND CFD ANALYSIS OF A SOLAR BASED COOKING UNIT I N T R O D U C T I O N Among the different energy end uses, energy for cooking is one of the basic and dominant end uses in developing countries.
More informationAir Conditioning, Comfort and Energy in India s Commercial Building Sector
Air Conditioning, Comfort and Energy in India s Commercial Building Sector THINK.CHANGE.DO Leena Thomas Richard dedear Rajan Rawal Ashok Lall PC Thomas University of Technology, Sydney Sydney University
More informationResearch Project F 2071. W. Richter. Manual of thermal comfort of Summer cooling mode
Research Project F 2071 W. Richter Manual of thermal comfort of Summer cooling mode Dortmund/Berlin/Dresden 2007 This publication is a summary of the final report of a project Development of a manual on
More informationHigh Performance School Buildings Resource and Strategy Guide
High Performance School Buildings Resource and Strategy Guide Published by: Sustainable Buildings Industry Council With support from: California Energy Commission National Concrete Masonry Association
More informationSustainable water heating solutions through solar systems
VIESMANN Sustainable water heating solutions through solar systems Murat Aydemir Managing Director Viessmann Middle East FZE Viessmann is a Registered Provider with The American Institute of Architects
More informationEnergy savings in the residential area are essential in
Overheating and insufficient heating problems in low energy houses up to now call for improvements in future Requirements for improved energy performance have shifted major focus on energy calculations
More informationDESIGN OF NATURAL VENTILATION WITH CFD CHAPTER SEVEN. Qingyan Chen. difficult to understand and model, even for simple
CHAPTER SEVEN L. Glicksman and J. Lin (eds), Sustainable Urban Housing in China, 116-123 2006 Springer. Printed in the Netherlands. DESIGN OF NATURAL VENTILATION WITH CFD Qingyan Chen INTRODUCTION As the
More informationThe Reunion experience
Barcelona Workshop Experience on Net Zero Energy Buildings October 3rd 2012 1 The challenge of designing Net Zero Energy Buildings in Tropical Climates The Reunion experience Prof. François GARDE, PhD,
More informationIDA Early Stage Building Optimization (ESBO) User guide
IDA Early Stage Building Optimization (ESBO) User guide Version 1.09, Oct 2013 2 Contents What is IDA ESBO?... 4 How do I use IDA ESBO?... 4 IDA ESBO user interface... 7 Rooms tab... 7 Building tab...
More informationGreenhouse Glazing Effects on Heat Transfer for Winter Heating and Summer Cooling
Greenhouse Glazing Effects on Heat Transfer for Winter Heating and Summer Cooling David R. Mears, Ph.D. Bioresource Engineering Department of Plant Biology and Pathology Rutgers University 20 Ag Extension
More informationSino-Italian Environment & Energy Building S I E E B
MOST Ministry of Science and Technology Republic of China Sino-Italian Environment & Energy Building S I E E B Concept The Sino-Italy Environment & Energy Building (SIEEB) is an intelligent, ecological
More informationA Roof Integrated Solar Heating System Without Storage
M. and W. Saman Sustainable Energy Centre University of South Australia Mawson Lakes Boulevard, Mawson Lakes, SA 5095, Australia E-mail: martin.belusko@unisa.edu.au Abstract A prototype of a roof integrated
More informationDynamic Solar Shading and Glare Control for Human Comfort and Energy Efficiency at UCSD: Integrated Design and Simulation Strategies
Dynamic Solar Shading and Glare Control for Human Comfort and Energy Efficiency at UCSD: Integrated Design and Simulation Strategies Christopher Meek Department of Architecture University of Washington
More informationWALLS Three common wall types are described below, with their insulation solutions.
APPENDIX 5: Building Envelope Insulation is vitally important for temperature controlled buildings. If fuel (and therefore money) is being used to heat a building, less fuel (and money) will be used if
More informationAIR STREAMS IN BUILDING FOR BROILERS
AIR STREAMS IN BUILDING FOR BROILERS PAVEL KIC - MILAN ZAJÍČEK ABSTRACT The Fluent CFD software is used to do numerical analysis of existing poultry house during the summer and winter periods. Principal
More informationInternational Telecommunication Union SERIES L: CONSTRUCTION, INSTALLATION AND PROTECTION OF TELECOMMUNICATION CABLES IN PUBLIC NETWORKS
International Telecommunication Union ITU-T TELECOMMUNICATION STANDARDIZATION SECTOR OF ITU Technical Paper (13 December 2013) SERIES L: CONSTRUCTION, INSTALLATION AND PROTECTION OF TELECOMMUNICATION CABLES
More informationTHE EUROPEAN GREEN BUILDING PROGRAMME. Building Envelope Technical Module
THE EUROPEAN GREEN BUILDING PROGRAMME Building Envelope Technical Module Contents 1. Introduction...1 2. Inventory of systems...2 3. Assessment of energy saving technical measures...4 4. Action Plan...12
More informationCase Study Family Room Renovation 3br family home, Melbourne
Family Room Renovation 3br family home, Melbourne In a Nutshell With time and budget constraints we often renovate just one room at a time. This case study looks at a family room renovation where the key
More informationEnergy Efficiency HOSPITALITY. www.energia.ie
Energy Efficiency HOSPITALITY www.energia.ie Your chance to reduce your business energy usage by as much as 20%! 20% is a significant figure and reducing your energy bill by this amount could make a real
More informationAir Conditioning. The opportunity for energy efficiency. Low cost actions to reduce energy usage now
Fact Sheet #6 Air Conditioning In this fact sheet you will discover: The opportunity for energy efficiency How air conditioning works Low cost actions to reduce energy usage now Investments to reduce costs
More informationWindows are one of the most important components of a
design concepts Arjun Kamal MAKING BETTER INDOOR ENVIRONMENTS WITH ENERGY-EFFICIENT WINDOW DESIGN An insight into the various technologies used for constructing windows, and an attempt at understanding
More informationStrategies for an Environment Friendly Low Energy Retrofitting of a Health Care Facility in the Hot Climate of UAE
Strategies for an Environment Friendly Low Energy Retrofitting of a Health Care Facility in the Hot Climate of UAE Author 1 Author 2 Author 3 Anissa. Tabet Aoul, Kheira Hassan,Ahmed El Syed, Fatma ABSTRACT
More information