EARTH MATERIALS LESSON PLAN

Transcription

1 EARTH MATERIALS LESSON PLAN UNIT: Earth and Energy TARGET(S): I can identify different types of Earth materials. I can describe properties, uses and availability of Earth materials. VOCABULARY: soil, gravel, rocks, sand, clay, water investigating What question will students be investigating? How will the investigation guide student understanding of the science learning target? Students will be observing different earth materials: clay, gravel, rocks, sand, soil, and water. talking What types of questions and structured talk will guide student understanding of the learning target? How will you encourage student talk? Students will discuss the properties of the different earth materials in pairs. Students will discuss how humans use the different earth materials in pairs. Students will discuss similarities and differences between different earth materials reading Which reading will enhance or extend student understanding of the science learning target? How will you model and support student reading? Students will read and annotate articles about water, soil, etc. writing How will students communicate in writing their understanding of the science learning target? How will you model and support student writing? Students will write an informational/ descriptive paragraph about one of the earth materials. They will include the properties, location, availability, and uses of the earth material.

2 Name EARTH MATERIALS properties, uses and availability INFORMATIVE/DESCRIPTIVE WRITING TASK What are the properties, uses and availability of an earth material?

3 EARTH MATERIALS OBSERVATIONS earth material observations drawing clay pebbles sand soil water

4 AVAILABILITY AND USES OF EARTH MATERIALS earth material availability uses clay pebbles sand soil water

5 WORD BANK word definition picture/example earth materials property observation

6 Water adapted from: We use water every day for drinking, for watering our lawns and gardens, for recreation, and for many uses that we don't necessarily see but which are critical to our lives. Large quantities of water are used to generate power, cool equipment, and grow food. Waters is very important to our everyday life. Water availability has become an important issue for the 21st century. Electricity About half of total water use is from creating electricity in power plants. About 50% of fresh water is used to produce electricity. Irrigation About 30% of water use is for irrigation. This includes water used for growing crops and maintaining parks and golf courses. This water comes from both surface and ground water. Public Public water is provided to people to use in their homes or public places. About 10% of water is used by the public. Industrial Industrial water use includes water used making products such as paper, food, chemical, petroleum (oil). This uses about 5% of water.

7 Other This includes people getting their own water and water used for mining and raising animals.

8 EARTH MATERIALS ESSAY OUTLINE Start with a topic sentence that states the earth material. T = Then create an informal outline to organize your main ideas and details. properties uses availability Add a conclusion that pulls it all together. C =

9 EARTH MATERIALS ESSAY

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11 ENERGY LESSON PLAN UNIT: Earth and Energy TARGET(S): I can identify sources of energy. I can describe different forms of energy. I can explain how energy can be converted from one form to another. VOCABULARY: energy, energy source, stored energy, converted, energy forms investigating What question will students be investigating? How will the investigation guide student understanding of the science learning target? Students will observe several demonstrations of energy actions and sources. talking What types of questions and structured talk will guide student understanding of the learning target? How will you encourage student talk? Students will discuss energy actions and sources and how energy converts from one form to another. reading Which reading will enhance or extend student understanding of the science learning target? How will you model and support student reading? writing How will students communicate in writing their understanding of the science learning target? How will you model and support student writing? Students will take notes and write words in their word bank.

12 Name ENERGY energy sources and actions DEMONSTRATION ACTION SOURCE flashlight candle hands alarm fan energy notes Energy. Energy. Energy. Energy. Energy.

13 word bank word definition picture, example, clue energy energy source stored energy converted energy forms

14 EARTH ENERGY RESOURCES LESSON PLAN UNIT: Earth and Energy TARGET(S): I can identify different types of Earth materials. I can describe properties, uses and availability of Earth materials. VOCABULARY: energy, fossil fuel, clay, coal, oil, natural gas investigating What question will students be investigating? How will the investigation guide student understanding of the science learning target? talking What types of questions and structured talk will guide student understanding of the learning target? How will you encourage student talk? Students will discuss the availability and uses of different earth energy resources: coal, petroleum/oil, natural gas. reading Which reading will enhance or extend student understanding of the science learning target? How will you model and support student reading? Students will read articles about three different earth energy resources: coal, petroleum/oil, and natural gas. Students can also read from Treasures, Energy: Power Sources or leveled readers. writing How will students communicate in writing their understanding of the science learning target? How will you model and support student writing? Students will write an opinion essay about which earth material used for energy is best. They will include the location and availability of the earth material and evidence to support their opinion.

15 Name EARTH ENERGY RESOURCES OPINION WRITING TASK Which earth energy resource should we use: coal, oil or natural gas? Use evidence from the text to support your opinion.

16 EARTH ENERGY RESOURCES We get most of our energy from nonrenewable energy sources, which include the fossil fuels oil, natural gas, and coal. They're called fossil fuels because they were formed over millions and millions of years by the action of heat from the Earth's core and pressure from rock and soil on the remains (or "fossils") of dead plants and creatures like microscopic diatoms. Another nonrenewable energy source is the element uranium, whose atoms we split (through a process called nuclear fission) to create heat and ultimately electricity. We use renewable and nonrenewable energy sources to generate the electricity we need for our homes, businesses, schools, and factories. Electricity "energizes" our computers, lights, refrigerators, washing machines, and air conditioners, to name only a few uses. Most of the gasoline used in our cars and motorcycles and the diesel fuel used in our trucks are made from petroleum oil, a nonrenewable resource. Natural gas, used to heat homes, dry clothes, and cook food, is nonrenewable. The propane that fuels our outdoor grills is made from oil and natural gas, both nonrenewable. The chart shows what energy sources the United States used in Nonrenewable energy sources accounted for 91% of all energy used in the nation. Biomass, the largest renewable source, accounted for about half of all renewable energy and 4% of total energy consumption. adapted from:

17 C O A L Where is Coal Found? Coal production is the amount of coal that is mined and sent to market. In 2011, the amount of coal produced at U.S. coal mines was 1,094.3 million short tons. Coal is mined in 25 states. Wyoming mines the most coal, followed by West Virginia, Kentucky, Pennsylvania, and Texas. What is Coal Used For? About 93% of the coal used in the United States is used for generating electricity. Coal is used to create almost half of all electricity generated in the United States. Except for a small amount of exports, the rest of the coal is used as a basic energy source in many industries including steel, cement, and paper. Separated ingredients of coal are used in making plastics, tar, synthetic fibers, fertilizers, and medicines. Coal is also used to make steel. The concrete and paper industries also use large amounts of coal. How Does Coal Impact the Environment? Coal is an abundant fuel that is relatively inexpensive to produce and convert to useful energy. However, producing and using coal has many impacts on the environment. Mining coal involves removing the soil and rock above coal deposits. In the United States, most coal is used as a fuel to generate electricity. Burning coal produces numerous gases that affect the environment and human health. adapted from:

18 PETROLEUM/OIL Where Is Oil Found? Crude oil is produced in 31 states and U.S. coastal waters. In 2011, 56% of U.S. crude oil production came from five states: Texas (26%) Alaska (10%) California (9%) North Dakota (7%) Oklahoma (4%) What is Made from Crude Oil? After crude oil is removed from the ground, it is sent to a refinery by pipeline, ship, or barge. At a refinery, different parts of the crude oil are separated into useable petroleum products. When refined, crude oil produces about gallons motor gasoline, diesel, and other petroleum products. Most petroleum products are used to produce energy. For instance, many people across the United States use propane to heat their homes.other products made from petroleum include ink, crayons, dishwashing liquid, deodorant, eyeglasses, tires, ammonia, CDs and DVDs, and heart valves. How Does Oil Impact the Environment? Even though petroleum products make life easier finding, producing, moving, and using them can harm the environment through air and water pollution. When burned as fuel, oil and petroleum products give off greenhouse gases. adapted from:

19 N A T U R A L G A S Where is Natural Gas Found? Most of the natural gas we use is found in the U.S. Texas (29%) Wyoming (9%) Federal Offshore Gulf of Mexico (8%) Louisiana (13%) Oklahoma (8%)! How Natural Gas Is Used? Natural gas is used to produce steel, glass, paper, clothing, brick, electricity, and as an essential raw material for many common products. Some products that use natural gas as a raw material are: paints, fertilizer, plastics, antifreeze, dyes, photographic film, medicines, and explosives. Slightly more than half of the homes in the United States use natural gas as their main heating fuel. Natural gas is also used in homes to fuel stoves, clothes dryers, and other household appliances. How Does Natural Gas Impact the Environment? Natural gas has many qualities that make it an efficient, relatively clean, and economical energy source. However, many of the areas that are now being explored and developed for natural gas production are wilderness areas, and development of these areas have large impacts on the area's environment, wildlife, and human populations. However, burning natural gas for energy results in much fewer air pollutants and carbon dioxide compared to coal or petroleum products. adapted from:

20 EARTH ENERGY RESOURCES location uses impacts

21 EARTH ENERGY RESOURCES OPINION ESSAY Start with a topic sentence that states your opinion. T = Then create an informal outline to organize the evidence to support your opinion. Add a conclusion that pulls it all together. C =

22 EARTH ENERGY RESOURCES OPINION ESSAY

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