Ocean Motion. Chapter Review. Part A. Vocabulary Review Directions: Use the clues below to complete the puzzle. Assessment
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1 Chapter Review Ocean Motion Part A. Vocabulary Review Directions: Use the clues below to complete the puzzle Across 1. Causes the wind and surface currents to turn (two words) 3. A collapsing wave 4. A low area on Earth 7. Rhythmic movements that carry energy through matter and space 9. Movement that occurs when more dense seawater sinks under less dense seawater 10. The difference between sea level at high tide and at low tide (two words) 11. Circulation that brings deep, cold water to the ocean s surface 12 Down 2. Mass movement of water horizontally (two words) 5. Measure of the amount of salts dissolved in seawater 6. Highest point of a wave 8. Rise and fall in sea level 12. Lowest point of a wave Ocean Motion 33
2 Chapter Review (continued) Part B. Concept Review Directions: Answer the following questions on the lines provided. 1. Describe how Earth s oceans may have been formed. 2. From where do the substances in solution in the oceans originate? 3. List two reasons why some substances do not remain in solution in the water for long periods of time. 4. How does the Coriolis effect cause surface currents to move in certain directions? 5. Why are currents on the western coasts of continents relatively cold, whereas currents on the eastern coasts are relatively warm? 6. Explain the movement of water particles in waves. 7. Explain how breakers form. 8. Explain the difference between spring and neap tides. 34 Ocean Motion
3 Chapter Test Ocean Motion I. Testing Concepts Directions: In the blank at the left, write the letter of the term or phrase that correctly completes each statement. 1. Water particles of ocean waves move. a. toward shore b. in circles c. sideways d. up and down 2. As a wave slows and its crest and trough come closer together, the increases. a. wave height b. wavelength c. circular motion d. speed 3. The difference between the level of the ocean at high tide and low tide is called. a. a neap tide b. a crest c. a trough d. the tidal range 4. The rise and fall in sea level caused by gravity is called a(n). a. upwelling b. crest c. current d. tide 5. When the Sun, the Moon, and Earth form a right angle, we have tides. a. spring b. neap c. giant d. fall 6. The horizontal distance between the crests or troughs of two adjacent waves is called. a. wave height b. a breaker c. wavelength d. a tide 7. Currents that are powered by wind are called currents. a. density b. cold water c. warm water d. surface 8. The lowest point of a wave is the. a. trough b. crest c. wave height d. wavelength 9. In some places, circulation in the ocean brings deep, cold water to the ocean surface. These bring nutrients to the surface, resulting in good fishing areas. a. upwellings b. density currents c. tides d. surface currents 10. When more dense seawater sinks under less dense seawater, a(n) forms. a. surface current b. density current c. upwelling d. tide 11. In a wave, only the move(s) forward. a. water particles b. energy c. wind d. deep water 12. Most of the salt in seawater is made up of the ions. a. calcium and sulfate c. sodium and magnesium b. chloride and sodium d. chloride and potassium 13. move water parallel to Earth s surface. a. Density currents b. Crests c. Upwellings d. Surface currents 14. The oceans originally formed from water vapor that condensed, fell as rain, and then collected in. a. basins b. upwellings c. crests d. tidal ranges 15. The Coriolis effect is caused by. a. density currents b. surface currents c. surface winds d. Earth s rotation Ocean Motion 35
4 Chapter Test (continued) Directions: Identify whether the following statements are true or false. If the statement is true, write true in the space. If the statement is false, change the word in italics to make the statement true. 16. The density of seawater can be increased by a decrease in temperature. 17. Tides are motions caused by a giant wave produced by friction. 18. The highest tides are neap tides. 19. As a water wave approaches shore, its wave height increases. 20. Some of the substances dissolved in seawater come from volcanoes. 21. Density currents spread rapidly along the bottom of the ocean. 22. Some marine animals use calcium or silica from ocean water to form shells. 23. The Coriolis effect causes most currents north of the equator to move in a counterclockwise direction. 24. Most of the currents that are south of the equator move in a counterclockwise direction. 25. Currents on the western coasts of continents are usually cold because they begin near the poles. Directions: Write the letter from the wave diagram that matches each term. C 26. trough 27. wavelength 28. wave height 29. crest D B C A 36 Ocean Motion
5 Chapter Test (continued) II. Understanding Concepts Directions: Answer the following questions on the lines provided. Skill: Classifying 1. Would you classify the Gulf Stream as a surface or a density current? Explain why. Skill: Comparing and Contrasting 2. Compare and contrast spring and neap tides. III. Applying Concepts Directions: Write the letter of the word or phrase in Column II that correctly completes the statement in Column I. Column I Column II 1. Salt may be removed from seawater through. 2. Surface currents distribute from equatorial regions to other areas of Earth. 3. Dense, cold water around Norway, Greenland, and Labrador sink to the seafloor and form the lower layers of. 4. The density of seawater is affected by temperature and. 5. occurs when the crest of a wave thousands of kilometers long approaches the shore. 6. Scientists think that water in the oceans is from vapor released by into the atmosphere. 7. As the trough of a wave thousands of kilometers long approaches the shore, appears to drop. 8. Tides are essentially the result of. 9. If you see breakers, you know you are looking at waves near. 10. When dense water from the Mediterranean reaches the Atlantic, it flows to depths of 1,000 m to 2,000 m, forming the. a. heat b. sea level c. desalination d. gravitational forces e. high tide f. salinity g. the shore h. North Atlantic Deep Water i. volcanoes j. Mediterranean Intermediate Water Ocean Motion 37
6 Chapter Test (continued) IV. Writing Skills Directions: Answer the following questions using complete sentences. 1. How does wind create a wave? 2. Explain why upwellings help the fishing industry. 3. Explain why a knowledge of tides is important for people who live and work on the edge of a large body of water. 4. Why did it take sailing ships in the 1700s longer to sail from England to America than from America to England? 5. What happens to the density current that forms in the Mediterranean Sea? 38 Ocean Motion
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