VOLLEYBALL STUDY GUIDE GRADES 9-12 HISTORY

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1 VOLLEYBALL STUDY GUIDE GRADES 9-12 HISTORY Volleyball was invented by William Morgan of Holyoke, Mass. in 1895 as an alternative to the popular game of basketball. Mr. Morgan originally called the game mintonette. Morgan borrowed the idea of hitting the ball back and forth over the net from the game of tennis and other techniques from the game of handball. The YMCA promoted volleyball over the next thirty years, and in 1928 the United States Volleyball Association was formed. Volleyball was first introduced in the Olympics in the 1964 Games. In 1984, the U.S. men won their first Olympic Gold Medal in volleyball. In recent years, the game has evolved to include more action and force through the use of power volleyball skills. Today, the best teams in the world compete for the Triple Crown, which includes winning the Olympic Games, the World Cup, and the World Championship in succession. ETIQUETTE Some rules of etiquette that should be observed include: announce the score before each serve roll the ball under the net when returning it to the server play the ball only when it is near you allowing other teammates an opportunity to be part of the game. (Although competition is an integral part of the game, cooperation is important in setting up the ball and accomplishing other team strategies.) SAFETY Several safety factors should be observed when playing the game of volleyball. In order to avoid an injury, it is important to learn and use the proper hand and finger position when playing the ball. When spiking, you must take care to direct the ball properly to avoid injuring other players. Teammates must be alert during the entire game, this includes the serve. The serving team should be focused on their server until the serve is completed and the ball safely clears the net. A white volleyball is considered suitable for indoor play. LENGTH OF GAME & SCORING 1. Games are played to 25 Rally or Quick points, which means a team can score a point when it is serving or when it is not serving. In other words, when any team serves, whichever team wins that rally they win the point and they either continue to serve or earn the right to serve. Each game must be won by at least two points. So if the score is tied the next team must get to 26 to win If the match goes down to the final game of a best of five (varsity) or best of three (F/S & J.V.), then that final game is played to just 15 pts. 2. After-school competitions between high schools consist of volleyball matches that is teams play more than one game when they play a different school. F/S or J.V. teams play the best 2 out of 3 games to see which team wins the match. Varsity teams must win 3 out of 5 games to win their match. HOW THE GAME IS PLAYED 1. There can only be 6 players on the court at one time for each team, but teams can have substitutes. 2. The service for the first game is decided by a coin toss. There is no "rally" for serve. The team that does not serve the first game begins serving in the second game, and so on. 3. Each time a team wins the serve, the players rotate in a clockwise direction. 4. A "sideout" call is made every time a team loses its serve and the opposing team wins the right to serve.

2 RULES & COMMON TERMS 1. The main objective in volleyball is to set the ball up with a bump and a set, so a front row player can spike the ball powerfully over the net. 2. Each team gets 3 hits to get the ball over the net. But a true block of a spike does not count as one of the team's 3 hits to return the ball. In other words, if a player jumps up and blocks a spike near the net, the same person can hit the ball again and the same team still has two more hits to get the ball back over the net. 3. A player cannot hit the ball twice in succession, unless his own first contact with the ball was a block of a spike near the net. 4. The ball can legally be contacted from the waist on up. In other words, the ball can hit off of someone's arm, shoulder, back, or head and still be a legal hit! If a player uses the bumping technique to hit the ball, then both hands must be held together so the ball contacts both arms simultaneously. 5. A "bump" in volleyball is when a player, with one hand in the other and arms together, bumps the ball to a teammate or over the net, with a lifting action of the legs and arms. 6. A "set" in volleyball is when a player hits the ball up in the air to another teammate near the net, so that that player can spike the ball over the net. A "set" can be made by bumping the ball to a teammate, but is more typically done by pushing or setting the ball upward, using the fingers of both hands held over the head in a triangular position. 7. A "spike" in volleyball is when a player near the net jumps up and hits or "spikes" the ball downward over the net in an attempt to score a point. Only players in the front row are allowed to spike the ball in front of the 10-foot spiking line. Players in the back row can use a spiking technique but must have both feet on the ground when hitting the ball with an overhand motion. 8. A "dig" in volleyball is when a player uses one arm or hand to save a ball that has been spiked by the other team, or to save a ball that has gone off to the side. Using one arm to "dig" the ball is perfectly legal in volleyball and should be practiced by everyone learning to play the game. ILLEGAL HITS & VIOLATIONS ( or Fouls) IN VOLLEYBALL 1. Illegal Hit- Allowing the ball to visibly come to rest for a moment on any part of the hands or body. Hitting the ball with a part of your body which is below your waist (like your foot for example) is also illegal. Hitting the ball with a part of your body below your waist is also called a body foul. 2. Double Hit- Hitting the ball with two hands which are not together, (except when setting), or one person hitting the ball twice in succession. 3. Net Foul- Touching the net at any time during the course of the game with any part of the body. 4. Center line Foul- Stepping over the center line beneath the net during the game is illegal. You can step on it, but not over it. 5. Foot Fault- When serving, you can not step on or over the endline when serving. To do so is a foot fault which means your team loses the point and the serve. 6. Illegal Serve- Serving the ball under or against the net or out-of-bounds on the other side of the net. Remember, a serve can now hit the top of the net and go over and be counted as good, whereas in the old days if a serve hit any part of the net it would be a service fault. 7. Reaching over the net- You can only reach over the net when following through after a spike, or when blocking the ball, but only after the team members on the other side have had a chance to contact the ball first. If you reach over the net and tap the ball downward before they have a chance to hit the ball first, then it is a violation on you. 8. Illegal Rotation- If a player on your team rotates incorrectly. 9. Unsportsmanlike Conduct- Arguing with an official, coach, or any other player on the court; use of profanity; throwing a temper tantrum; or displaying any other form of misconduct.

3 FUNDAMENTAL SKILLS Bumping: 1. Feet- Spread shoulder width and staggered. 2. Knees- Bent and flexible. 3. Arms- Held loose and forward to be ready to place one hand flat in the other, so you have a flat hitting surface with your arms. 4. Hands- Placed together just before contact only. One hand flat in the other, with wrists bent down. 5. Elbows- Locked so arms come together to form that hittingg surface. 6. Bumping Action- The ball should be hit off the forearms, not off the hands or wrists. You should come up with your arms and legs simultaneously and shrug your shoulders slightly as you contact the ball. Setting: 1. Same positioning of feet, knees, and arms as for bumping. But the ball iss contacted above the forehead with the thumbs and first three fingers of each hand. Form a triangle with the thumbs and index fingers of each hand, slightly bend your elbows and push the ball upwards and outwards using your legs, wrists, and fingers with a soft motion. Spiking: 1. Before the balll is set to you, move back 3-4 steps from the net to get ready for your approach. 2. As the ball is being set for you near the net, step right, left, or the opposite, then jump and hit. The spiking action is done by raising your arm up andd back as you jump, then extending it straight down through the ball. The fingers should bee together and you should hit the ball using a cupped hand. COURT SPECIFICATIONS 1. The dimensions of the court are 30' wide by 60' long. 2. The service area is 30 feet wide and the serverr can serve from anywheree behind the endline. The spiking line is 10 feet from the net. 3. The net in boy's volleyball is 8 feet high, and in girl's volleyball it is 7 feet 4 inches high. 4. There are two referees, one on the floor and one on the stand.

4 Front Row Players: LF = Left Front CF = Center Front RF = Right Front Back Row Players: LB = Left Back CB = Center Back RB = Right Back (Server)

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