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1 The Alexander Viability Freitag of Sustainability: Director Engineering The Diesel Role Systems of Development Clean Diesel Robert Bosch LLC University of Michigan Transportation Research Institute Focus on the Future Automotive Research Conferences 1 DS/ENS-NA 02/13/ _046.ppt 2013 Robert Bosch LLC and affiliates. All rights reserved.
2 Topics: Market Trends and Regulations Future approach Air & Fuel management Exhaust Gas Management Tolerance Reduction Combustion Process Powertrain Summary 2 D/ENS-NA _046.ppt 2013 Robert Bosch LLC and affiliates. All rights reserved.
3 Topics: Market Trends and Regulations Future approach Air & Fuel management Exhaust Gas Management Tolerance Reduction Combustion Process Powertrain Summary 3 D/ENS-NA _046.ppt 2013 Robert Bosch LLC and affiliates. All rights reserved.
4 Changing Requirements Resources Power / Comfort CO 2 / Fuel Economy Emissions (HC, CO, NO x, Particulates) ACEA-Selbstverpflichtung 2008: 140g/km (-25%) Bosch Innovations 4 D/ENS-NA _046.ppt 2013 Robert Bosch LLC and affiliates. All rights reserved.
5 US PC/LD Emissions Evolution: PM [g/mi] Tier 1 Tier 2 Bin vehicles - 88% Bin 10-88% 1999 vehicles - 95% -90% 0.02 Bin 5 Bin Bin Clean Diesel Vehicles NOx [g/mi] More than 90% reduction in criteria emissions in 10 years 5 D/ENS-NA _046.ppt 2013 Robert Bosch LLC and affiliates. All rights reserved.
6 Development CO 2 fleet targets l/100 mpg km/l km US CAFE ,5 22,3 9,5 9,4 24,9 10,6 LT km g CO 2 / 200 8,4 27,9 11,9 7,5 31,2 13, ,3 37,2 15,9 5,7 41,5 17, ,2 55,7 23,8 3,8 62,3 26,3 Cars mpg* -5% mpg*? 50 2, ,6 Gasoline (Diesel) * Combined fleet average CAFE = Corporate Average Fuel Economy PC = Passenger Cars LT / LDT = Light Trucks (pick-ups, vans, SUVs) CARB = California Air Resources Board mpg = miles per gallon 6 Stringent requirements by 2025 D/ENS-NA _046.ppt 2013 Robert Bosch LLC and affiliates. All rights reserved.
7 MY2011 Passenger Car CAFE Fleet Data Fuel Economy (mp pg) Bosch Footprint Based Segments 70 Subcompact Car Compact Car Passcar Fleet Midsize Car Large CUV 5% % % % % % % % % % % % % % % Small CUV 25% % % 2025 Large Car 29% % % 2025 Large SUV 58% % % 2025 MY 2025 MY 2021 MY Footprint (sqft) MY MY2025 targets based on corrected NPRM 11/30/11 Source: Martec 2011/Bosch 7 D/ENS-NA _046.ppt 2013 Robert Bosch LLC and affiliates. All rights reserved.
8 Fuel Economy (mp pg) Focus on the Future UMTRI conference 13 Feb MY2011 Passenger Car CAFE Fleet Data Gasoline and Diesel Passenger Cars Jetta Sportwagon Diesel Golf Diesel Jetta Sedan BMW 3-Series BMW 3-Series Audi A3 14% above % above 2016 Diesel Gasoline Diesel Diesel 6% % % above % % % above % % % % % % above % % % % 2025 Jetta Sportwagon Gasoline 18% % % 2025 Golf Gasoline 18% % % 2025 Jetta Sedan Gasoline 15% % % 2025 MY 2025 MY 2021 MY 2016 Audi A3 Gasoline 13% % % MY MY2025 targets based on corrected NPRM 11/30/11 Footprint (sqft) Source: Martec RBNA/MKR, C/AIR-NA 2/20/ CO2 Standard Customer Presentation 2012 Robert Bosch LLC and affiliates. All rights reserved.
9 DS-NA Key Indicators U.S. Clean Diesel Vehicle Launch Calendar New Vehicle Launches by 2018= Audi A6 (3.0L) Audi A7 (3.0L) Audi A8 (3.0L) BMW 325 (2.0L) Chevrolet Cruze (2.0L) Mazda 6 (2.2L) MB E250 (2.2L) VW Beetle Conv. (2.0L) Audi Q5 (3.0L) Jeep Grand Cherokee (3.0L) MB GLK 250 (2.2L) MB ML 250 (2.2L) 2L) Ford Transit (3.2L) Announced by OEM = Not Announced by OEM 9 DS/MKL1-NA 02/13/ _046.ppt 2013 Robert Bosch LLC and affiliates. All rights reserved.
10 Topics: Market Trends and Regulations Future approach Air & Fuel management Exhaust Gas Management Tolerance Reduction Combustion Process Powertrain Summary 10 D/ENS-NA _046.ppt 2013 Robert Bosch LLC and affiliates. All rights reserved.
11 Powertrain diversification for Today and the Future gasoline gasoline diesel gasoline diesel alternative fuels dual fuel diesel alternative fuels EV / range extender EV / battery EV / fuel cell EV (battery / fuel cell) hybrid hybrid EV / range extender Variety of Technical solution needed d to address energy reduction? 11 DS/ENS-NA 02/13/ _046.ppt 2013 Robert Bosch LLC and affiliates. All rights reserved.
12 New powertrains: Estimated world market volumes Volume es [Mio. Vehicles] (96%) (93%) 109 (93%) ICE (gasoline / diesel / FlexFuel) Full Electric Vehicles Hybrid Vehicles (w/ ICE Engine) Others (CNG, LPG) Source: Internal Internal Combustion Engines will remain the predominant power train for the near future Internal DS/MKL1-NA 1/ Robert Bosch LLC and affiliates. All rights reserved.
13 Optimizing the Diesel System Air Management Swirl-/Throttle Valve Turbo Charger/VGT* Fuel Injection System New Generations Multiple Injections Reduced Tolerance Optimized Nozzle Combustion Process Reduction of compression ratio Combustion strategies Tolerance Reduction Zero Fuel Calibration Fuel Balancing Control Individual Cylinder Control Powertrain Hybrid Technology Exhaust gas management Fast Catalyst Light-Off (reduce thermal losses) Diesel Particulate Filter NOx storage catalyst Catalystst temp control 14 D/ENS-NA _046.ppt 2013 Robert Bosch LLC and affiliates. All rights reserved. *VGT= Variable Geometry Turbo
14 Optimizing the Diesel System Air Management Swirl-/Throttle Valve Turbo Charger/VGT* Fuel Injection System New Generations Multiple Injections Reduced Tolerance Optimized Nozzle Combustion Process Reduction of compression ratio Combustion strategies Tolerance Reduction Zero Fuel Calibration Fuel Balancing Control Individual Cylinder Control Powertrain Hybrid Technology Exhaust gas management Fast Catalyst Light-Off (reduce thermal losses) Diesel Particulate Filter NOx storage catalyst Catalystst temp control 23 D/ENS-NA _046.ppt 2013 Robert Bosch LLC and affiliates. All rights reserved. *VGT= Variable Geometry Turbo
15 Hybrid: No longer a gasoline story BMEP [ba ar] 22 NO X Soot 20 Fuel Consumption in g/kwh High Low High Low N [1/min] CO HC Low Low Disadvantage Area High High Engine Speed [rpm] Engine Speed [rpm] Engine Speed [rpm] BMEP [bar] BMEP [bar] D/ENS-NA _046.ppt 2013 Robert Bosch LLC and affiliates. All rights reserved.
16 Electrical Power demand Recuperation Potential Performance in Electric Driving i Efficiency Chain of Drivetrain Strong Hybrid Strong Hybrid Mild Hybrid w/ mech. drive w/o mech. drive Low Mid High Low High High Very Low High Very high Mid High Mid CO 2 Potential Mid High Mid Architectures engine Clutch or t/con engine motor engine IMG 25 motor AMT or AT mech. coupled AMT: Automated Manual Transmission clutch AT: Automatic Transmission t/con: torque converter AT w/o t/con or AMT Elimination of engine low load area requires pure electrical driving + - Battery Parallel architecture with a single clutch is a smart solution with low complexity D/ENS-NA _046.ppt 2013 Robert Bosch LLC and affiliates. All rights reserved. Inverter
17 Parallel Strong Hybrid Single Clutch Diesel Engine: DI 1.6l, Pmax = 85 kw Gearbox: 6-speed AMT E-Motor: IMG, Pmax = 25 kw Battery: Li-Ion, Capacity = 1.5 kwh Diesel Engine E-Motor Gearbox AMT: Automated Manual Transmission IMG: Integrated Motor Generator SES SES: Standard Electric Starter Elimination of engine low load area requires pure electrical driving Parallel architecture with a single clutch is a smart solution with low complexity 26 D/ENS-NA _046.ppt 2013 Robert Bosch LLC and affiliates. All rights reserved.
18 State of Charge in Wh Full Test (NEDC) Split Test (UDC + EUDC) Vehicle Speed Split Test: Battery balance is also forced at the end of UDC mission ctional) ional*) tive CO 2 Em t of conventi convenc Cumulat (per cent 100% 75% 50% 25% 0% UDC EUDC Conventional Vehicle ~20 % CO2 reduction Hybrid - Full Test Hybrid - Split test CO 2 emission reduction by combining urban with extra urban driving * Basis: CO 2 Emission in g Time in s of Conventional Vehicle in NEDC 27 D/ENS-NA _046.ppt 2013 Robert Bosch LLC and affiliates. All rights reserved. NEDC=New European Driving Cycle UDC=Urban Driving Cycle EUDC=Extra Urban Driving Cycle
19 (per cen nt of convent tional*) Basis: CO 2 Emission in g/km of Conventional Vehicle* in NEDC 25% -9% NEDC UDC EUDC NEDC UDC EUDC NEDC UDC EUDC Conventional Vehicle HEV Full Test HEV Split Test 28 *Conventional Vehicle: 1470 kg IW, 1.6 l Diesel Engine, Euro 5; HEV: 1590 kg IW, 1.6 l Diesel Engine + 25 kw E-Motor Reduced CO 2 emission difference between urban and extra urban driving with hybrid D/ENS-NA _046.ppt 2013 Robert Bosch LLC and affiliates. All rights reserved.
20 Topics: Market Trends and Regulations Future approach Air & Fuel management Exhaust Gas Management Tolerance Reduction Combustion Process Powertrain Summary 29 D/ENS-NA _046.ppt 2013 Robert Bosch LLC and affiliates. All rights reserved.
21 Summary: Cont. work ongoing to further improve fuel economy Diesel will maintain advantage compared to gasoline LEV III work ongoing New Technologies provide emissions i benefit GHG reduction work ongoing New Technologies provide GHG benefit Full system approach required to meet FE and criteria emission targets 30 D/ENS-NA _046.ppt 2013 Robert Bosch LLC and affiliates. All rights reserved.
22 THANK YOU Thank You 31 DS/ENS-NA 02/13/ _046.ppt 2013 Robert Bosch LLC and affiliates. All rights reserved.
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