MARINE RENEWABLE ENERGY INITIATIVES IN MALAYSIA AND SOUTH EAST ASIA

Transcription

1 MARINE RENEWABLE ENERGY INITIATIVES IN MALAYSIA AND SOUTH EAST ASIA Presented by Prof. Dr. Omar Bin Yaakob Universiti Teknologi Malaysia Johor Bahru Malaysia 13th meeting of the United Nations Open ended Informal Consultative Process on Oceans and the Law of the Sea, New York, 29 May to 1 June 2012

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3 MALAYSIA RE STATUS

4 RE development until 2011 Targeted 5% RE contribution for electricity, achieved about 1% Legislation, enforcement and incentive were not in place Approved/ on going small RE project (as at December 2011) RE Number Installed capacity Biomass MW Biogas MW Mini hydro MW Geothermal 1 50 MW Total MW

5 New RE policy New RE policy legislation, enforcement and incentive were approved in 2011 SEDA Sustainable Energy Development Authority to lead FIT new feed in tariff for RE New target to be achieve in the next 40 years Year Cumulative RE capacity (MW) RE contribution Cumulative CO2 avoided (m T)

6 National Oceanography Directorate (NOD) national focal point for all oceanographic and marine science activities provides leadership and policies in marine scientific research and development (R&D) undertaken within Malaysian waters facilitate implementation of national and intergovernmental program pertaining to marine science and oceanographic R&D Latest assignment drafting ocean energy technology roadmap for Malaysia

7 Summary of Ocean Derived Renewable Energy Roadmap

8 Components Current Short term Mid Term Long Term Beyond 2020 Potential Projects, Grants and Collaboratio ns Network Wave /wind/current mapping. (Marine atlas). Ocean temperature profiling. Chemical, geological, physical and biological oceanography study covering regional seas. Implementation of testing facilities for demo of small scale (pilot project) ocean energy conversion devices. Implementation of numerical modelling for the ocean energy system. Development and testing of 20kW ocean energy generators. Make ocean energy part of the hybrid system especially for islands To install 500Kw conversion device Detail physical and numerical modelling of potential sites Potential demonstration facilities / marine laboratory Use the ocean energy to generate hydrogen for remote islands.(for use in fuels cells) To install 10Mw conversion device To install 6 units 10 Mw conversion devices Niche market for indigenous technology for the equatorial belt countries

9 Product Energy farm Pilot prototype for Ocean Thermal Energy Conversion OWC- Pilot Well turbine commercial production (near shore) 10KW VMT Pilot Identify feasible sites in Malaysia Tidal barrage demo in plant to produce energy with tidal range <7m Ocean thermal energy converter OTEC operating at 10 c T difference VMT commercial production Physical modelling and computer simulation for tidal barrage Attenuator Site viability studies Pelamis In stream Tidal Technology CONNECT TO GRID Absorber Baseline data South China Sea, Sulu Sea Survey of tidal range Horizontal marine Turbine Vertical marine turbine lab scale Wells Turbine OWC pilot 1KW OWC lab Attenuator Integrator technology terminator technology Energy extraction Pressure sensors Underwater Technology Technology

10 MALAYSIAN OCEAN CURRENT DATA (Source : Malaysian Tide Table) LOCATION Maximum speed (knots) Typical speed (Knots) One Fathom Bank to 1.5 Off Raleigh School to 1.5 Tg Segenting to 1.3 Pulau Tioman (Kampung Teluk Salang) to 0.58

11 MALAYSIAN OCEAN WAVE DATA (Comparison between Topex Poseidon Satellite and Malaysian Meteorological Service, Omar et.al. 2005) MMS 1.5 T/P wave height Jan-99 Mar-99 May-99 Jul-99 Sep-99 Nov-99 Jan-00 Mar-00 May-00 Jul-00 Sep-00 Nov-00 Jan-01 Mar-01 May-01 Jul-01 Sep-01 Nov-01 month-year

12 Wave Energy Potential The highest potential wave energy Peninsular Malaysia is 150kW/m East Malaysia is 81kW/m 12

13 Tidal Range

14 Universiti Teknologi Malaysia (UTM) Marine Hydrodynamics Laboratory Length 120m Breadth 4m Depth 2.5m

15 MRE WORK AT UNIVERSITI TEKNOLOGI MALAYSIA Marine TIDAL CURRENT Vertical Axis OCEAN WAVE Oscillating Water Collumn Horizontal Axis Malaysian Ocean characteristics low current speed (0.5 m/s), low wave heights (1 1.5m), 1.5m), shallow water depth (15 30m)

16 OWC Wave Energy Device undergoing tests AIR TURBINE CHAMBER WAVE DIRECTION

17 UTM Vertical Axis Marine Turbine based on Savonius concept

18 UTM Horizontal Axis Marine Current Turbine undergoing Model Tests

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20 Universiti Malaya (UM) Establish the research on novel type of folding tidal turbine; Investigate the wake of a ship s propeller jet and its potential influences to the tidal turbine in waterway; Develop the research in marine algae;

21 Previous Study CFD model Small scale marine current turbine Field measurement

22 Universiti Malaysia Terengganu / Universiti Malaya Oscillating water column Device Testing at Sea

23 Algae the concept Algae + nutrient + CO2 + sunlight+ water biofuel

24 The concept and pilot plant at UPM, UM,USM

25 The concept and pilot plant at UPM, UM,USM

26 South China Sea 200 M FOS Sabah Sabah Trough 200 M MALAYSIA Sarawak Vietnam Sunda Shelf Potential for OTEC Philippines Sabah Trough Brunei Malaysia

27 m water depth

28 1400 meters depth found within 130 km (70 nm) distance from shore

29 Surface Temperature about 28 deg C for most of the year

30 1400 meters depth found within 130 km (70 nm) distance from shore

31 POTENTIAL SUBREGIONAL COOPERATION IN OCEAN THERMAL ENERGY DEVELOPMENT: BRUNEI MALAYSIA PHILIPPINES Pulau Layang-Layang E Malaysia Brunei BRUNEI Sabah Trough 34,184 sq km D 2,100 m MALAYSIA Labuan A PHILIPPINES B Philippines C Malaysia Sabah Point Latitude (N) Longitude (E) Brunei Darussalam A 8º º B 8º º C 7º º D 5º º E 6º º

32 Islands = 17,480 Ocean = 5.8 million km 2 Ocean EEZ = 2.7 million km 2 Costline = 95,180 km Population (2010) = 236 million

33 RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT The research planning for the development of tidal current is: Phase 1 (RPJM II): Development of tidal current energy plant of kw Phase 2 (RPJM III): Development of tidal current energy plant of 3 MW Marine Current Turbine Farm Phase 3 (RPJM IV): Development of tidal current energy plant for domestic electicity and for producing biofuel or marine biofuel.

34 RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT Ocean energy has nowdays been received a greater attention from universities, government agencies and public. An entity so called Indonesian Ocean Energy Association (IOEA) is currently being formed to foster research, development, publication and application of ocean energy. International collaboration has also been going on, e.g. wave energy plant (thappered channel, Norway) in Yogyakarta, tidal current enery plant (KOBOLTD, Italy) in East Lombok, and OTEC (Dutch) in Bali.

35 TECHNOLOGY DEMONSTRATION BPPT and universities have been studying and mapping ocean energy resources in Indonesian. More than 15 straits or channels have been identified as potential location for tidal current energy systems; three locations are candidates for OTECS; and Indian ocean (between Indonesia and Australia) offers great challanges to harvest wave energy.

36 Source: Ray et.al. (2005): A Brief Overview of Tides in the Indonesia Seas Tidal Energy Flux in Indonesia

37 Comparison Between ADCP with Numerical(Erwandi 2010) 2.5 ADCP vs Numerical Numerical Measurement 2 V (m/s) Day

38 Temperature SurvEy in the Sea of Flores by Research Center of Oseanografi LIPI Profil Temperature di Laut Flores, Mei 2005 Temperatur ( C) Kedalaman (meter) st1 st2 st3 st4 st5 st6 st7 st8 Sumber: Hadikusumah, PusLit Oseanografi LIPI

39 Tidal Current Energy Reserves (INOCEAN 2011)

40 Wave Energy Reserves (INOCEAN 2011)

41 Ocean Thermal Energy Reserves

42 Ocean Energy Potentials based on previously conducted exploration (INOCEAN Ratification 2011) Theoretical Technical Practical (GW) (GW) (GW) Tidal current Ocean wave Ocean thermal * 43.0 * Total *depending on the technological maturity and market development, including availability of successful project in gird connection.

43 No Type Location Capacity Note 1 Marine current (BPPT, Indonesian Hydrodynamics Laboratory) Flores, NTT 2 kw 2 3 Marine current (KOBOLD, PdA Italy and PT. Walinusa Energy) OTECS (Cooperation with Netherland) 4 OWC (BPPT, BPDP) 5 Wave coverter Pendulum type (Indonesian technolog) Tested successfully, and being upscaled to 10 kw East Lombok, NTB 175 kw Schedulled in North Bali, Bali Yogyakarta Madura East Java 100 kw 19 kw/wave length 1 KW to be scalled to 100 KW per pontoon, and could be farming operation by 2012 Cancelled, economc crisis. FS was daone Cancelled, initial contraction was done Field test, schedulled in February 2012

44 Prototype Turbine (by LHI BPPT, Erwandi 2010) Darrieus Turbine type H Diameter 2.0 m, span 2.0 m 3 blades Solidity = 0.4 Capacity 2 kw at current speed 1.6 m/s (eff = 25%)

45 Marine current and OWC were tested during research and development at the Laboratory of Hydrodynamic BPPT and Institute of Technology Sepuluh Nopember (ITS) in Surabaya (Coutesy: Erwandi BPPT, 2010; and Arief Suroso ITS, 2010).

46 Field test tidal turbine in Larantuka (Erwandi, BPPT 2010)

47 Proposed Indonesian targets INOCEAN proposed to established pilot project of ocean energy power plant, connected to the grid in 2014: 1 MW tidal current energy 1 MW wave energy The medium and long term run would be OTEC pilot plant. The most viable potential of 6000 MW ocean energy power plant is proposed to be realized in 2030.

48 The Philippines

49 The Philippine Energy Plan RE Targets Increase RE capacity by 100% by 2020 No. 1 geothermal energy producer No. 1 wind energy producer in SEA Double hydro capacity Expand contribution of: biomass 200 MW solar 30 MW ocean energy 120 MW

50 Marine Current Potential

51 Liloan Site Max Velocity 1 st site 215 cm/s 2 nd site 216 cm/s 3 rd site 169 cm/s ENU Velocity Plot Summary Velocity (cm/s) JULY AUGUST Timeline E N U Current Velocity July 15 Aug 23 08

52 Capul Site 1st Site

53 Targets The Department of Energy (DoE) expects the Philippines first ocean energy facility to start commercial operations by The first project to go into operation will be the 10 megawatt Cabangan ocean energy thermal conversion (Otec) project in Zambales.

54 Private Companies granted service contracts

55 Private Companies granted service contracts Fourteen of the sites have already been identified as specifically suitable for ocean thermal energy conversion (OTEC) technologies, eight for tidal energy projects and the others for offshore wind farms. Deep Ocean Power was looking to develop between 10MW and 300MW of capacity on each site, adding that sites may be used for a number of technologies if suitable.

56 Concluding Remarks Despite substantial progress on the development of Marine Renewable Energy (MRE) made in the world, the capacity of MRE R&D still remains low in the South East Asian countries, with various challenges being faced with, for instance, lack of sound policy environment, low level technology development, unsustainable R&D activities, conflicting use with other marine users, marketing development etc.

57 Concluding Remarks There is a a need to enhance regional cooperation in the research and development of MRE in order to bring together regional experts, share the lessons and best practices, and further improve the capacity in the research and development of MRE Technologies. A new Working Group (WG) on Marine Renewable Energy Technology (MRET) Development in the Western Pacific has been established by the 9 th Intergovernmental Session of the IOC Sub Commission for the Western Pacific 9 12 MAY 2012, Paradise, Busan

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