WESTFIELD VOCATIONAL TECHNICAL HIGH SCHOOL CURRICULUM Grade 10 Biology

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1 Essential Questions: WESTFIELD VOCATIONAL TECHNICAL HIGH SCHOOL CURRICULUM Grade 10 Biology By the end of Week 2 students will be able to: -explain what the goal of science is. -explain what a hypothesis is. -describe how scientists test hypotheses. -explain how a scientific theory develops. -describe some characteristics of living things. -explain how life can be studied at different levels. -describe the measurement system most scientists use. -explain how light microscopes and electron microscopes are similar and different. -describe two common laboratory techniques. -explain why it is important to work safely in biology. By the end of Week 4 students will be able to: -describe the two main types of chemical bonds. -explain why water molecules are polar. -differentiate between solutions and suspensions. -explain what acidic and basic solutions are. -describe the functions of each group of organic compounds. -explain how chemical reactions affect chemical bonds in compounds. -describe how energy changes affect how easily a chemical reaction will occur. -explain why enzymes are important to living things. By the end of Week 6 students will be able to: -identify the levels of organization that ecologists study. -describe the methods used to study ecology. -identify the source of energy for life processes. -trace the flow of energy through living systems. -evaluate the efficiency of energy transfer among organisms in an ecosystem. -describe how matter cycles among the living and nonliving parts of an ecosystem. -explain why nutrients are important in living things. 1 P a g e

2 2 P a g e -describe how the availability of nutrients affects the productivity of ecosystems. -identify the causes of climate. -explain how Earth s temperature range is maintained. -identify Earth s three main climate zones. -explain how biotic and abiotic factors influence an ecosystem. -identify the interactions that occur within communities. -describe how ecosystems recover from disturbances. -explain what microclimates are. -identify the characteristics of major land biomes. -identify the factors that govern aquatic ecosystems. -identify the two types of freshwater ecosystems. -describe the characteristics of the marine zones. By the end of Week 8 students will be able to: -list the characteristics used to describe a population. -identify factors that affect population size. -differentiate between exponential and logistic growth. -identify factors that limit population growth. -differentiate between density-dependent and density-independent limiting factors. -describe how the size of the human population has changed over time. -explain why population growth rates differ in countries throughout the world. -describe human activities that can affect the biosphere. -explain how environmental resources are classified. -describe how human activities affect land, air, and water resources. -identify the characteristics of sustainable use. -define biodiversity and explain its value. -identify current threats to biodiversity. -describe the goal of conservation biology. -describe two types of global change that are a concern to biologists. By the end of Week 10 students will be able to: -explain what the cell theory is. -name the basic cell structures. -describe prokaryotes and eukaryotes. -describe the main function of the cell wall. -identify the main roles of the cytoskeleton.

3 3 P a g e -describe the functions of the major organelles. -identify the main functions of the cell membrane. -describe what happens during diffusion. -explain the process of osmosis, facilitated diffusion, and active transport. -describe cell specialization. -identify the organization levels in multi-cellular organisms. By the end of Week 12 students will be able to: -explain where plants get the energy they need to produce food. -describe the role of ATP in cellular activities. -explain why the experiments of Van Helmont, Priestley, and Ingenhousz reveal how plants grow. -state the overall equation for photosynthesis. -describe the role of light and chlorophyll in photosynthesis. -describe the structure and function of a chloroplast. -describe what happens in the light-dependent reactions. -explain what the Calvin cycle is. -identify factors that affect the rate at which photosynthesis occurs. -explain what cellular respiration is. -describe what happens during the process of glycolysis. -name the two main types of fermentation. -describe what happens during the Kreb cycle. -explain how high-energy electrons are used by the electron transport chain. -identify three pathways the body uses to release energy during exercise. -compare photosynthesis and respiration. By the end of Week 14 students will be able to: -explain the problems that growth causes for cells. -describe how cell division solves the problems for cell growth. -name the main events of the cell cycle. -describe what happens during the four phases of mitosis. -identify a factor that can stop cells from growing. -describe how the cell cycle is regulated. -explain how cancer cells are different from other cells. By the end of Week 15 students will be able to: -describe the pattern Darwin observed among organisms of the Galapagos Islands.

4 -list events leading to Darwin s publication of On the Origins of Species. -describe how natural variation is used in artificial selection. -state Darwin s theory of evolution by natural selection. -explain what a gene pool is. -describe genetic drift. -identify the condition necessary for a new species to evolve. -describe the fossil record. -identify the divisions of the geologic time scale. -identify important patterns of macroevolution. -explain what a plant is. -describe what plants need to survive. -identify the characteristics of angiosperms. -describe how the structure of a leaf enables it to carry out photosynthesis. -identify the parts of a typical flower. By the end of Week 16 students will be able to: -describe how Mendel studied inheritance in peas. -summarize Mendel s conclusion about inheritance. -explain the principle of dominance. -describe what happens during segregation. -explain how geneticists use the principles of probability. -describe how geneticists use Punnett squares. 4 P a g e

5 Timeline Content/Topic Standards Assessment Resources Week 1 & 2 Week 3 & 4 Week 5 & 6 Week 7 & 8 Week 9 & 10 Week 11 & 12 Week 13 & 14 Week 15 The Science of Biology The Chemistry of Life Ecology Ecology Cell Biology Cell Biology Cell Biology Evolution & Biodiversity SIS1, SIS2, SIS3 1.1, 1.2, , , , , 2.4, , 2.7, , 5.2, 5.3 Worksheets, Quizzes, Term 3 Project:3-D cell, Worksheets, Quizzes, Worksheets, Quizzes, Week 16 Genetics 3.1, 3.2, 3.3, 3.4, 3.5, 3.6 Prentice Hall Biology Text Chapter 1 Data collection Lab Packet Prentice Hall Biology Text Chapter 2 ph Lab Packet Prentice Hall Biology Text Chapters 3 &4 ACE Presentation Prentice Hall Biology Text Chapters 5 &6 Quick Lab p. 153 Prentice Hall Biology Text Chapter 7 Osmosis Lab Packet Prentice Hall Biology Text Chapters 8 &9 Prentice Hall Biology Text Chapter 10 Mitosis Flip Book Lab Prentice Hall Biology Text Chapters & 22-24, Plant Lab Prentice Hall Biology Text Chapters 11-14, Karyotyping Lab The following common core state standards for English Language Arts and Mathematics are included as follows: 5 P a g e *CCSS.ELA-Literacy.RST Included during week 1 when covering the science of biology. *CCSS.ELA-Literacy.RST Included during weeks 4, 8, 10, 12, 14, & 15 when covering polarity, population growth, cell theory, photosynthesis, cellular respiration, evolution, and genetics, respectively. *CCSS.ELA-Literacy.RST Included during week 4, 10, 14 & 16 laboratory work. *CCSS.ELA-Literacy.RST Included during week 3, 4, and 14 when covering carbon compounds and mitosis. *CCSS.ELA-Literacy.RST Included during week 6 when covering the levels of organization.

6 6 P a g e *CCSS.ELA-Literacy.RST &8-Included with discussion from Prentice Hall Text p.23 on Conflicts of Interest. Supplemental Lab data is also included in discussion. *CCSS.ELA-Literacy.RST Included during weeks 8 & 12 when covering population growth and photosynthesis. *CCSS.Math.Content.HSS-MD.B5-6&7-Included during week 16 when covering probabilities in genetics.

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