This week in Animal Behaviour. This week in Animal Behaviour. Why polyandry? Why polyandry?
|
|
- Helena Harrison
- 7 years ago
- Views:
Transcription
1 This week in Animal Behaviour This week in Animal Behaviour Oct. 21 project 1 write-up due in PDF form on Moodle by midnight Oct. 21 raw data due (either in class or yellow drop box outside 3520)... 10% penalty on write-up if raw data not turned in Oct. 23 online discussion #3: Networking crows Lecture 16: Mating systems I Lecture 17: Mating systems II Lecture 18: Parental care LAB: Project 1 help session Text chapters 7-8 Why polyandry? What causes sex role reversal? Why polyandry? Examples: red phalaropes, wattled Jacanas...Galápagos hawks are flexible
2 Multiple mating: the costs Mating with multiple males can potentially expose females to costs, such as the time spent searching, risk of lost investment of current mate, STDs... Evidence: comparative study of immune system in primates Why mate multiply? measure of white blood cells degree of polyandry Multiple mating: genetic benefits 1. Fertility insurance: multiple mates might reduce the risk of having an infertile partner for a mate e.g. red-winged blackbirds, Gunnison s prairie dogs Multiple mating: genetic benefits 2. Good genes: females might seek out several males in order to secure superior genes from at least one of them, either to improve offspring viability or attractiveness e.g. blue tits, yellow-tooth cavy mean # offspring # of mates
3 Multiple mating: genetic benefits 3. Compatible genes: mating with several males could increase the genetic variety of sperm available, and increase the chance that a female will obtain some sperm with DNA that is an especially good match for her genotype e.g. bluethroats wing-swelling response (mm) Multiple mating: material benefits 4. Infanticide reduction: having more mates increases paternity uncertainty, decreasing the likelihood of losing offspring to infanticidal males e.g. lions, Hanuman langurs WPY EPY Multiple mating: material benefits Polygyny 5. Resources: more mates can increase the resources and/or parental care received from sexual partners e.g. pierid butterflies reproductive output mates per female
4 Polygyny is common It can take several forms... Scramble competition e.g. garter snakes Female defence polygyny: e.g. grey seal Resource defence polygyny: e.g. Juan-Fernandéz fur seal Lek polygyny: e.g. peafowl, sage grouse Scramble competition Polygynous males search for and acquire several widely scattered mates e.g. garter snakes, horseshoe crabs, wood frogs, ground squirrels time searching (min) Female defence polygyny Polygynous males directly defend several females e.g. red deer, elephant seals, greater spear-nosed bats Resource defence polygyny Polygynous males acquire several mates attracted to resources that are under the males control e.g. water striders, African cichlids, antlered flies
5 The influence of resources The polygyny threshhold model resource dispersion predation female dispersion resource defence polygyny male dispersion Males arrive and settle Then, females arrive sequentially 1st female takes best territory (D) 2nd takes 2nd-best territory (C) 3rd takes 3rd-best territory (B) B E A C G D F costs & benefits of social living female defence polygyny = monogamous = polygynous The polygyny threshhold model The polygyny threshhold model Males arrive and settle Males arrive and settle??? Then, females arrive sequentially When is it beneficial to join as a secondary female? Is undivided male care more important than male quality and/or resources? B E C G A F D Then, females arrive sequentially When is it beneficial to join as a secondary female? Is undivided male care more important than male quality and/or resources? B E A C D??? 2nd F G = monogamous = polygynous The point where it pays to go to an occupied territory = polygyny threshold = monogamous = polygynous
6 The polygyny threshhold model Why don t females change the system? It s about individual decisions each female decides what is best for her the quality of the available habitat leads to polygyny polygyny threshhold Example: yellow-bellied marmot # offspring # females per group Why don t females change the system? Lek polygyny Example: pied flycatchers monogamous male polygynous male Höglund and Alatalo (1995): An aggregated male display that females attend primarily for the purpose of fertilization. Characteristics of the lek: an arena where males gather and females come to mate relative fledging success only mate primary secondary resource-free display site females choose male no male paternal care Leks generally have highly skewed male mating success (e.g % of males get > 50% of matings)
7 Leks are rare ~35 species of birds ( < 0.5%) 7 species of mammals (< 0.2%)...some insects, some fish, maybe some amphibians too? Why lek? Hotspot hypothesis: males cluster because females are located in certain areas, e.g. when females travel repeatedly along certain routes Hotshot hypothesis: subordinate males cluster around attractive males that females tend to visit more often Why lek? Topi antelope are lekking mammals Female preference hypothesis: males cluster because females prefer to visit sites with many males, e.g. for safety, or to be able to compare many males e.g. ruffs overall copulation rate (/min) # males at lek
8 Mating system evolution Threat of infanticide matters Case study: monogamy in prosimians (lemurs, bushbabies, tarsiers) dark blue: year round! " association light blue:!s do not accompany "s yet this does not appear to be the case in other primates AND the best predictor across all mammals seems to be female dispersion Mating system evolution Case study: fairy wrens Radical loss of promiscuity purple-crowned fairy wren promiscuity lost despite no change in breeding biology or ecology
9 Summary Mating systems differ in the advantages they offer for males and females! There is often a conflict of interests between the sexes Ecological factors are thought to be generally important in the evolution of mating systems! However, ultimate explanations can depend on the taxa being studied
Nature vs. Nurture. Animal Behavior. Classical Studies. Fixed Action Patterns External Cues Niko Tinbergen
Animal Behavior What is Behavior? What an organism does and how it does it Why do it? Proximate Ultimate causes Fish example What controls behavior? Nature (genes) Nurture (environment) Innate Behavior
More informationScience 10-Biology Activity 14 Worksheet on Sexual Reproduction
Science 10-Biology Activity 14 Worksheet on Sexual Reproduction 10 Name Due Date Show Me NOTE: This worksheet is based on material from pages 367-372 in Science Probe. 1. Sexual reproduction requires parents,
More informationParental care and sexual conflict. Email: R.E.van.Dijk@bath.ac.uk
Parental care and sexual conflict René van Dijk Email: R.E.van.Dijk@bath.ac.uk Papers for 15 November Team 1 Royle,, N. J., I. R. Hartley & G. A. Parker. 2002. Sexual conflict reduces offspring fitness
More informationCourse Outline. Parental care and sexual conflict. Papers for 22 October. What is sexual conflict? 10/19/2009
Parental and sexual conflict Course Outline 1. Sexual selection * 2. Parent offspring conflict * 3. Sexual conflict over parental René van Dijk Email: R.E.van.Dijk@bath.ac.uk 19 October 2009 4. Genomic
More informationClassification and Evolution
Classification and Evolution Starter: How many different ways could I split these objects into 2 groups? Classification All living things can also be grouped how do we decide which groups to put them into?
More informationLecture 10 Friday, March 20, 2009
Lecture 10 Friday, March 20, 2009 Reproductive isolating mechanisms Prezygotic barriers: Anything that prevents mating and fertilization is a prezygotic mechanism. Habitat isolation, behavioral isolation,
More informationEcology - scientific study of how individuals interact with their environment 34.1
Biology 1407 Exam 4 Notes - Ecology Ch.35-36 Ecology - scientific study of how individuals interact with their environment 34.1 - organisms have adapted to - evolved in - a particular set of conditions;
More informationLesson Title: Constructing a Dichotomous Key and Exploring Its Relationship to Evolutionary Patterns
Lesson Title: Constructing a Dichotomous Key and Exploring Its Relationship to Evolutionary Patterns NSF GK-12 Fellow: Tommy Detmer Grade Level: 4 th and 5 th grade Type of Lesson: STEM Objectives: The
More informationHeredity - Patterns of Inheritance
Heredity - Patterns of Inheritance Genes and Alleles A. Genes 1. A sequence of nucleotides that codes for a special functional product a. Transfer RNA b. Enzyme c. Structural protein d. Pigments 2. Genes
More informationAnimal behavior can be investigated in a variety of
7 Behavioral Ecology Concept Outline 7. Evolutionary forces shape behavior. Behavioral Ecology. Behavior is shaped by natural selection. Foraging Behavior. Natural selection favors the most efficient foraging
More informationStructures of animals
Structures of animals Name: All animals have been designed with different parts, which we call structures, that make up their bodies. Each of these structures is important as it is used to perform a specific
More informationBiology 300 Homework assignment #1 Solutions. Assignment:
Biology 300 Homework assignment #1 Solutions Assignment: Chapter 1, Problems 6, 15 Chapter 2, Problems 6, 8, 9, 12 Chapter 3, Problems 4, 6, 15 Chapter 4, Problem 16 Answers in bold. Chapter 1 6. Identify
More informationClass Time: 30 minutes. Other activities in the Stem Cells in the Spotlight module can be found at: http://gslc.genetics.utah.edu/teachers/tindex/
Teacher Guide: Color-Label-Learn: Creating Stem Cells for Research ACTIVITY OVERVIEW Abstract: Students color and label images on a worksheet and answer questions about the on-line content featured in
More informationPreparation. Educator s Section: pp. 1 3 Unit 1 instructions: pp. 4 5 Unit 2 instructions: pp. 6 7 Masters/worksheets: pp. 8-17
ActionBioscience.org lesson To accompany the article by Lawrence M. Page, Ph.D.: "Planetary Biodiversity Inventories: A Response to the Taxonomic Crisis" (May 2006) http://www.actionbioscience.org/biodiversity/page.html
More informationUnique reproductive strategies have developed to ensure maximum reproductive success.
Animal Reproductive Strategies The ultimate goal of each species is to produce the maximum number of surviving offspring using the least amount of energy. This is called the reproductive effort. Asexual
More informationBiology 1406 - Notes for exam 5 - Population genetics Ch 13, 14, 15
Biology 1406 - Notes for exam 5 - Population genetics Ch 13, 14, 15 Species - group of individuals that are capable of interbreeding and producing fertile offspring; genetically similar 13.7, 14.2 Population
More informationA Method of Population Estimation: Mark & Recapture
Biology 103 A Method of Population Estimation: Mark & Recapture Objectives: 1. Learn one method used by wildlife biologists to estimate population size of wild animals. 2. Learn how sampling size effects
More informationSpecies-of-the-Week. Blanding s Turtle (Emydoidea blandingii) Species of Special Concern in Michigan
Species-of-the-Week Blanding s Turtle (Emydoidea blandingii) Habitat Productive & clean shallow water (soft substrates) = ponds, marshes, swamps, bogs, wet prairies, slow rivers Spring & summer = terrestrial
More information240Tutoring Life Science Study Material
240Tutoring Life Science Study Material This information is a sample of the instructional content and practice questions found on the 240Tutoring GACE Early Childhood Education. This information is meant
More informationPractice Questions 1: Evolution
Practice Questions 1: Evolution 1. Which concept is best illustrated in the flowchart below? A. natural selection B. genetic manipulation C. dynamic equilibrium D. material cycles 2. The diagram below
More informationSimulation Model of Mating Behavior in Flies
Simulation Model of Mating Behavior in Flies MEHMET KAYIM & AYKUT Ecological and Evolutionary Genetics Lab. Department of Biology, Middle East Technical University International Workshop on Hybrid Systems
More informationLAB : THE CHI-SQUARE TEST. Probability, Random Chance, and Genetics
Period Date LAB : THE CHI-SQUARE TEST Probability, Random Chance, and Genetics Why do we study random chance and probability at the beginning of a unit on genetics? Genetics is the study of inheritance,
More informationDissect a Flower. Huntington Library, Art Collections, and Botanical Gardens
Huntington Library, Art Collections, and Botanical Gardens Dissect a Flower Overview Students dissect an Alstroemeria or similar flower to familiarize themselves with the basic parts of a flower. They
More informationBiology 170: Exam 3. Multiple choice (2 pts each). Mark (bubble-in) the correct answer on your scantron.
Name Biology 170: Exam 3 Multiple choice (2 pts each). Mark (bubble-in) the correct answer on your scantron. 1. All of the following are unique (only found in) mammalian characters, EXCEPT: a. Hair b.
More informationMARCH OF THE PENGUINS
MARCH OF THE PENGUINS S C I E N C E M O V I E N I G H T The Academic Support Center @ Daytona State College (Science 127 Page 1 of 33) The Academic Support Center @ Daytona State College (Science 127 Page
More informationHeredity. Sarah crosses a homozygous white flower and a homozygous purple flower. The cross results in all purple flowers.
Heredity 1. Sarah is doing an experiment on pea plants. She is studying the color of the pea plants. Sarah has noticed that many pea plants have purple flowers and many have white flowers. Sarah crosses
More informationMeiosis is a special form of cell division.
Page 1 of 6 KEY CONCEPT Meiosis is a special form of cell division. BEFORE, you learned Mitosis produces two genetically identical cells In sexual reproduction, offspring inherit traits from both parents
More informationProcess 3.5. A Pour it down the sink. B Pour it back into its original container. C Dispose of it as directed by his teacher.
Process 3.5 Biology EOI sample test questions Objective numbers correspond to the State Priority Academic Student Skills (PASS) standards and objectives. This number is also referenced with the local objective
More informationAP: LAB 8: THE CHI-SQUARE TEST. Probability, Random Chance, and Genetics
Ms. Foglia Date AP: LAB 8: THE CHI-SQUARE TEST Probability, Random Chance, and Genetics Why do we study random chance and probability at the beginning of a unit on genetics? Genetics is the study of inheritance,
More informationSummary. 16 1 Genes and Variation. 16 2 Evolution as Genetic Change. Name Class Date
Chapter 16 Summary Evolution of Populations 16 1 Genes and Variation Darwin s original ideas can now be understood in genetic terms. Beginning with variation, we now know that traits are controlled by
More information1. Why is mitosis alone insufficient for the life cycle of sexually reproducing eukaryotes?
Chapter 13: Meiosis and Sexual Life Cycles 1. Why is mitosis alone insufficient for the life cycle of sexually reproducing eukaryotes? 2. Define: gamete zygote meiosis homologous chromosomes diploid haploid
More informationCCR Biology - Chapter 14 Practice Test - Summer 2012
Name: Class: Date: CCR Biology - Chapter 14 Practice Test - Summer 2012 Multiple Choice Identify the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question. 1. Zebras live on the savannas of
More informationLogistic Paradigm. Logistic Paradigm. Paradigms. How should we consider them?
Harvesting Paradigms Sustained Yield Harvesting Paradigms Net-Annual Increment Paradigm The Myth of MSY How should we consider them? The logistic paradigm obviously arises from logistic model. Says that
More informationKacy Blackham Fall, 2002. Introductory Lesson: Grade Level: 10 th
Kacy Blackham Fall, 2002 Introductory Lesson: The Interdependence of Birds and the Great Salt Lake Ecosystem Abstract: Students will participate in the Checks and Balances game. This game will allow the
More information(D) 181-183, 186-187, 190-193 TFYI 187 TPK 190
NEVADA Life Science Content Standards for Grade 8 Life s Structure and Function A From Bacteria to Plants B Animal Diversity C Human Body Systems D OBJECTIVES Content Standard 6.0: Structure and Function
More informationFeb 26: Song Dialects: Birds. Why Do Birds Sing?
Feb 26: Song Dialects: Birds Why Do Birds Sing? Why this is an ill-posed question need to specify the correct level of analysis (for now, we are referring to the functional question of survival value)
More informationActivity Sheet A - Getting Sorted (Cont) Diet (in the wild) Herbivore Carnivore Omnivore Habitat Terrestrial/ground dwelling Arboreal/tree living Aqua
Activity Sheet A - Getting Sorted Duration: 45 minutes Locate the animals listed below and find out their scientific name. Remember that the scientific name is usually written in italics or is underlined.
More informationFAQs: Gene drives - - What is a gene drive?
FAQs: Gene drives - - What is a gene drive? During normal sexual reproduction, each of the two versions of a given gene has a 50 percent chance of being inherited by a particular offspring (Fig 1A). Gene
More informationPOLICY ON THE RELOCATION OF WILDLIFE
State of New Jersey Department of Environmental Protection Mail Code 501-03 Division of Fish and Wildlife PO Box 420 / 501 East State Street Trenton, NJ 08625-0420 POLICY ON THE RELOCATION OF WILDLIFE
More informationChapter 13: Meiosis and Sexual Life Cycles
Name Period Chapter 13: Meiosis and Sexual Life Cycles Concept 13.1 Offspring acquire genes from parents by inheriting chromosomes 1. Let s begin with a review of several terms that you may already know.
More informationON THE RELOCATIO Division of
New Jersey Department off Environmental Protection Division of Fish and Wildlife Mail l Code 501-03 PO Box 4200 / 501 East State St Trenton, NJ 08625-0420 POLICY ON THE RELOCATIO ON OF WILDLIFE As the
More informationUNIVERSITY OF CAMBRIDGE INTERNATIONAL EXAMINATIONS International General Certificate of Secondary Education
*9282687787* UNIVERSITY OF CAMBRIDGE INTERNATIONAL EXAMINATIONS International General Certificate of Secondary Education BIOLOGY 0610/21 Paper 2 Core October/November 2012 1 hour 15 minutes Candidates
More informationEvolution (18%) 11 Items Sample Test Prep Questions
Evolution (18%) 11 Items Sample Test Prep Questions Grade 7 (Evolution) 3.a Students know both genetic variation and environmental factors are causes of evolution and diversity of organisms. (pg. 109 Science
More informationEcology 1 Star. 1. Missing from the diagram of this ecosystem are the
Name: ate: 1. Missing from the diagram of this ecosystem are the 5. ase your answer(s) to the following question(s) on the diagram below and on your knowledge of biology.. biotic factors and decomposers.
More informationChapter 13: Meiosis and Sexual Life Cycles
Name Period Concept 13.1 Offspring acquire genes from parents by inheriting chromosomes 1. Let s begin with a review of several terms that you may already know. Define: gene locus gamete male gamete female
More informationEvolution, Natural Selection, and Adaptation
Evolution, Natural Selection, and Adaptation Nothing in biology makes sense except in the light of evolution. (Theodosius Dobzhansky) Charles Darwin (1809-1882) Voyage of HMS Beagle (1831-1836) Thinking
More information14.1. Every organism has a habitat and a niche. A habitat differs from a niche. Interactions in Ecosystems CHAPTER 14.
SECTION 14.1 HABITAT AND NICHE Study Guide KEY CONCEPT Every organism has a habitat and a niche. VOCABULARY habitat ecological niche competitive exclusion ecological equivalent A habitat differs from a
More informationThe Concept of Inclusive Fitness 1 Ethology and Behavioral Ecology Spring 2008
The Concept of Inclusive Fitness 1 Ethology and Behavioral Ecology Spring 2008 I. The components of Fitness A. Direct fitness W d, darwinian fitness, W gained by increasing ones own reproduction relative
More informationFood Chains and Food Webs
Program Support Notes by: Spiro Liacos B.Ed. Produced by: VEA Pty Ltd Commissioning Editor: Sandra Frerichs B.Ed, M.Ed. Executive Producers: Edwina Baden-Powell B.A, CVP. Sandra Frerichs B.Ed, M.Ed. You
More informationMaterials and Resources:
Keywords: class classification family genus invertebrates kingdom order phylum species 1. Engage: Introduction: Students investigate different questioning techniques through a classification game. Materials
More informationRain Forests. America's. Web of Life. Rain Forest Ecology. Prince William Network's OVERVIEW OBJECTIVES SUBJECTS
Rain Forest Ecology National Science Education Standards Standard C: Life Sciences Populations and ecosystems. Standard C: Life Sciences Diversity and adaptation of organisms. Standard F: Science in Personal
More informationFOOD CHAINS, FOOD WEBS AND ECOLOGICAL PYRAMIDS
FOOD CHAINS, FOOD WEBS AND ECOLOGICAL PYRAMIDS SECTION 1 In an ecosystem, plants capture the sun's energy and use it to convert inorganic compounds into energy-rich organic compounds. This process of using
More informationAnimal Models of Human Behavioral and Social Processes: What is a Good Animal Model? Dario Maestripieri
Animal Models of Human Behavioral and Social Processes: What is a Good Animal Model? Dario Maestripieri Criteria for assessing the validity of animal models of human behavioral research Face validity:
More informationLevel Topic Basic Intermediate Advanced Open. What is a typical How common is sexchanging clownfish family like? father)?
Examples of potential biology topics in Finding Nemo (Pixar Animation Studios 2003, G). Clownfish mating What are other complex Can you compare and What is a typical How common is sexchanging in fish?
More informationTitle: Create A New Animal. Grade Level: 3 rd -5 th. Subject: Biology. Time: 60-90 minutes
Title: Create A New Animal Grade Level: 3 rd -5 th Subject: Biology Time: 60-90 minutes Objective: Students will better understand physical adaptations of certain animals, and how those adaptations increase
More informationLAB : PAPER PET GENETICS. male (hat) female (hair bow) Skin color green or orange Eyes round or square Nose triangle or oval Teeth pointed or square
Period Date LAB : PAPER PET GENETICS 1. Given the list of characteristics below, you will create an imaginary pet and then breed it to review the concepts of genetics. Your pet will have the following
More informationA trait is a variation of a particular character (e.g. color, height). Traits are passed from parents to offspring through genes.
1 Biology Chapter 10 Study Guide Trait A trait is a variation of a particular character (e.g. color, height). Traits are passed from parents to offspring through genes. Genes Genes are located on chromosomes
More information2 nd Grade Science Unit B: Life Sciences Chapter 3: Plants and Animals in Their Environment Lesson 1: How are plants and animals like their parents?
2 nd Grade Science Unit B: Life Sciences Chapter 3: Plants and Animals in Their Environment Lesson 1: How are plants and animals like their parents? offspring Offspring are young plants and animals. Offspring
More informationBiology 1406 Exam 4 Notes Cell Division and Genetics Ch. 8, 9
Biology 1406 Exam 4 Notes Cell Division and Genetics Ch. 8, 9 Ch. 8 Cell Division Cells divide to produce new cells must pass genetic information to new cells - What process of DNA allows this? Two types
More informationBio EOC Topics for Cell Reproduction: Bio EOC Questions for Cell Reproduction:
Bio EOC Topics for Cell Reproduction: Asexual vs. sexual reproduction Mitosis steps, diagrams, purpose o Interphase, Prophase, Metaphase, Anaphase, Telophase, Cytokinesis Meiosis steps, diagrams, purpose
More information1 Characteristics of Living Things
CHAPTER 2 1 Characteristics of Living Things SECTION It s Alive!! Or Is It? BEFORE YOU READ After you read this section, you should be able to answer these questions: What are all living things made of?
More informationIdentifying Vertebrates Using Classification Keys
Name Class Date Chapter 18 Classification Identifying Vertebrates Using Classification Keys Introduction Organisms such as vertebrates (animals with backbones) are classified into groups according to certain
More informationLab #10 Invertebrates 2 and Vertebrates 1 (Exercises 39, 40)
Name Bio 182-General Biology Lab #10 Invertebrates 2 and Vertebrates 1 (Exercises 39, 40) Answer the questions in the space provided. You need to turn this sheet at the end of the lab. In general know
More informationIDENTIFICATION OF ORGANISMS
reflect Take a look at the pictures on the right. Think about what the two organisms have in common. They both need food and water to survive. They both grow and reproduce. They both have similar body
More informationAMERICAN MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY SCAVENGER HUNT
AMERICAN MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY SCAVENGER HUNT Begin on the 4 th floor. Take the stairs since they are faster than the elevators. Look but do not touch while in the museum. Keep your voices low but
More informationMendelian Genetics in Drosophila
Mendelian Genetics in Drosophila Lab objectives: 1) To familiarize you with an important research model organism,! Drosophila melanogaster. 2) Introduce you to normal "wild type" and various mutant phenotypes.
More informationBasic Principles of Forensic Molecular Biology and Genetics. Population Genetics
Basic Principles of Forensic Molecular Biology and Genetics Population Genetics Significance of a Match What is the significance of: a fiber match? a hair match? a glass match? a DNA match? Meaning of
More informationReproductive technologies. Lecture 15 Introduction to Breeding and Genetics GENE 251/351 School of Environment and Rural Science (Genetics)
Reproductive technologies Lecture 15 Introduction to Breeding and Genetics GENE 251/351 School of Environment and Rural Science (Genetics) Animal Breeding in a nutshell Breeding objectives Trait measurement
More informationCrotophaga ani (Smooth-billed Ani)
Crotophaga ani (Smooth-billed Ani) Family: Cuculidae (Cuckoos and Anis) Order: Cuculiformes (Cuckoos, Anis and Turacos) Class: Aves (Birds) Fig. 1. Smooth-billed ani, Crotophaga ani. [http://www.hoteltinamu.com/wp-content/uploads/crotophaga-ani-garrapatero-piquiliso-smooth-billed-ani-
More informationFact Sheet 14 EPIGENETICS
This fact sheet describes epigenetics which refers to factors that can influence the way our genes are expressed in the cells of our body. In summary Epigenetics is a phenomenon that affects the way cells
More informationPLANT EVOLUTION DISPLAY Handout
PLANT EVOLUTION DISPLAY Handout Name: TA and Section time Welcome to UCSC Greenhouses. This sheet explains a few botanical facts about plant reproduction that will help you through the display and handout.
More informationSexual Reproduction. The specialized cells that are required for sexual reproduction are known as. And come from the process of: GAMETES
Sexual Reproduction Sexual Reproduction We know all about asexual reproduction 1. Only one parent required. 2. Offspring are identical to parents. 3. The cells that produce the offspring are not usually
More informationGCSE BITESIZE Examinations
GCSE BITESIZE Examinations General Certificate of Secondary Education AQA SCIENCE A BLY1B Unit Biology B1b (Evolution and Environment) AQA BIOLOGY Unit Biology B1b (Evolution and Environment) FOUNDATION
More informationEvolution by Natural Selection 1
Evolution by Natural Selection 1 I. Mice Living in a Desert These drawings show how a population of mice on a beach changed over time. 1. Describe how the population of mice is different in figure 3 compared
More information7A The Origin of Modern Genetics
Life Science Chapter 7 Genetics of Organisms 7A The Origin of Modern Genetics Genetics the study of inheritance (the study of how traits are inherited through the interactions of alleles) Heredity: the
More informationBiology Keystone (PA Core) Quiz Ecology - (BIO.B.4.1.1 ) Ecological Organization, (BIO.B.4.1.2 ) Ecosystem Characteristics, (BIO.B.4.2.
Biology Keystone (PA Core) Quiz Ecology - (BIO.B.4.1.1 ) Ecological Organization, (BIO.B.4.1.2 ) Ecosystem Characteristics, (BIO.B.4.2.1 ) Energy Flow 1) Student Name: Teacher Name: Jared George Date:
More informationIntroduction to Integrated Pest Management. John C. Wise, Ph.D. Michigan State University MSU Trevor Nichols Research Complex
Introduction to Integrated Pest Management John C. Wise, Ph.D. Michigan State University MSU Trevor Nichols Research Complex What is Integrated Pest Management? Integrated Pest Management (IPM) New concept;
More informationFirst Grade Animal Research Project
First Grade Animal Research Project Dear Parents: As you probably know, our first graders have been learning all about animals. We have spent the last couple of weeks learning to group different animals
More informationMonstrous Mutations Lab on the Effect of Random Mutations on Animals Survival Skills
Name: Life Science Date: Period: Change Over Time Natural Selection Monstrous Mutations Lab on the Effect of Random Mutations on Animals Survival Skills Introduction The process of evolution involves changes
More informationLesson 3: Fish Life Cycle
Lesson 3: Fish Life Cycle Activity: Diagram fish life cycle. Grade level: 4-8 Subjects: Science, social studies Setting: Classroom Duration: 50 minutes Key Terms: Fry, life cycle, life history, spawn,
More information3. Which relationship can correctly be inferred from the data presented in the graphs below?
1. Recent evidence indicates that lakes in large areas of New York State are being affected by acid rain. The major effect of acid rain in the lakes is (1) an increase in game fish population levels (3)
More informationLESSON 2 Carrying Capacity: What is a Viable Population? A Lesson on Numbers and Space
Ï MATH LESSON 2 Carrying Capacity: What is a Viable Population? A Lesson on Numbers and Space Objectives: Students will: list at least 3 components which determine the carrying capacity of an area for
More informationA Most Colorful Mammal by Guy Belleranti
Name: In the tropical rainforests of western Africa lives a mammal with a most colorful face and rump. This mammal is the mandrill, the world's largest monkey. The skin on a male mandrill's face has a
More informationLAB 8 EUKARYOTIC CELL DIVISION: MITOSIS AND MEIOSIS
LAB 8 EUKARYOTIC CELL DIVISION: MITOSIS AND MEIOSIS Los Angeles Mission College Biology 3 Name: Date: INTRODUCTION BINARY FISSION: Prokaryotic cells (bacteria) reproduce asexually by binary fission. Bacterial
More informationGrassland Food Webs: Teacher Notes
Grassland Food Webs: Teacher Notes Alan Henderson ecosystem Objectives After completing this activity students will be able to: Create a food web and identify producers and consumers. Assign organisms
More informationRecommended Resources: The following resources may be useful in teaching this
Unit B: Anatomy and Physiology of Poultry Lesson 4: Artificial Poultry Reproduction Student Learning Objectives: Instruction in this lesson should result in students achieving the following objectives:
More informationEVERY LIVING THING has a number of
Anatomy and Physiology of Animal Reproductive Systems EVERY LIVING THING has a number of organ systems operating to perform specific functions. If you were to examine one of these systems, you would observe
More informationII. III. 2004 Core Knowledge National Conference, Grade Level, (Unit Name Here) 1
Teaching A Touchy Topic: Life Cycles and Reproduction Grade Level: Fifth Grade Written by: Kimberly Ruckh, Linda Cambra, Dallas Bankston; Challenge Charter School, Glendale, Az. Length of Unit: Five Lessons
More information6. Evolution and Domestication of Wolves
6. Evolution and Domestication of Wolves Wolf Evolution Scientists are not absolutely certain how and where the wolf evolved. By examining fossil bones, especially skulls, of animals that lived millions
More informationUse this diagram of a food web to answer questions 1 through 5.
North arolina Testing Program EO iology Sample Items Goal 4 Use this diagram of a food web to answer questions 1 through 5. coyotes 3. If these organisms were arranged in a food pyramid, which organism
More informationAnimal Colors and Shapes Teacher s Guide
Teacher s Guide Grade Level: K 2 Curriculum Focus: Math, Science Lesson Duration: 1 2 class periods Program Description Animals come in all colors, shapes, and sizes. Learn about the shapes animals have
More informationPrinciples of Evolution - Origin of Species
Theories of Organic Evolution X Multiple Centers of Creation (de Buffon) developed the concept of "centers of creation throughout the world organisms had arisen, which other species had evolved from X
More informationTiger Activity Time. Level 1 tiger cubs. 1. What colours does a tiger have on its body? red white blue black. green orange brown
Terrific Tigers Learn more about the gers at ZSL London Zoo 1. Level: Key Stage 2 2. Includes: Acvity sheets (true or false, word scramble, word search, colouring acvity, adaptaon labelling, enclosure
More informationMy favourite animal is the cheetah. It lives in Africa in the savannah, It eats and gazel es. It is big and yel ow with black spots.
The crocodile is big and green. It has got a long tail, a long body and a big mouth with big teeth. It has got four short legs. The crocodile eats fish and other animals. He lives in Africa and America,
More informationComplete tests for CO 2 and H 2 Link observations of acid reactions to species
Acids and Bases 1. Name common acids and bases found at home and at school 2. Use formulae for common acids and bases 3. Give examples of the uses of acids and bases 4. State that all solutions are acidic,
More informationReproductive System & Development: Practice Questions #1
Reproductive System & Development: Practice Questions #1 1. Which two glands in the diagram produce gametes? A. glands A and B B. glands B and E C. glands C and F D. glands E and F 2. Base your answer
More informationAnimal Adaptations -- Vocabulary
Section 1 Objectives o Children will understand what animal adaptations are. o Children will be able to explain why animal adaptations are important. o Children will be able to explain different types
More informationProblem Set 5 BILD10 / Winter 2014 Chapters 8, 10-12
Chapter 8: Evolution and Natural Selection 1) A population is: a) a group of species that shares the same habitat. b) a group of individuals of the same species that lives in the same general location
More informationChapter 9 Patterns of Inheritance
Bio 100 Patterns of Inheritance 1 Chapter 9 Patterns of Inheritance Modern genetics began with Gregor Mendel s quantitative experiments with pea plants History of Heredity Blending theory of heredity -
More information