How To Understand The History Of The Romanesque And Gothic Styles Of Art

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Carol Austin
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1 ART 133 Review Questions ART OF THE ROMANESQUE AND GOTHIC PERIODS 1. The medieval economic system based on land tenure and complicated loyalties and obligations was a. communism b. feudalism c. monasticism d. capitalism 2. For the salvation of their souls, Europeans trekked many miles to various sacred sites. These were the a. migrations b. explorations c. crusades d. pilgrimages 3. Christian military exploits in the Middle East to drive out the Moslems from the Holy Land were the a. migrations b. explorations c. crusades d. pilgrimages 4. The term Romanesque had its origins in the resemblance of early medieval buildings to the architecture of a. ancient Rome b. Romania c. Germany d. Constantinople e. mosques 5. The section of a church between the two arms of the transept is called the a. crossing b. choir c. ambulatory d. chapel e. narthex 6. Although architects were successful in adapting stone vaulting to the new churches, a problem remained with a. length of the nave b. square schematism c. good lighting d. acoustics e. height of the choir 7. The Vikings, or Northmen, settled in France in a region which came to be known as a. Languedoc b. Isle-de-France c. Burgundy d. Normandy e. Provence

2 8. Architecturally adventurous, Norman builders at St. Etienne joined square-schematism and the alternating support system to a. groin vaults b. domes c. quadripartite vaults d. sexpartite vaults e. septpartite vaults 9. In contrast to Early Christian churches, the exterior of Romanesque churches were a. austerely unadorned b. decorated with arches, mouldings and buttresses c. open with large windows at many levels d. decorated with mosaics e. Made only of wood 10. The semi-circular area containing sculpture above a door is called a/an a. lintel b. archivolt c. trumeau d. tympanum 11. The arch springing from the jamb is called a/an a. lintel b. archivolt c. trumeau d. tympanum 12. The four Gospels were often represented symbolically. St. Mark was represented by a a. winged lion b. winged ox c. winged man d. eagle 13. St. John was represented by a a. winged lion b. winged ox c. winged man d. eagle 14. Capitals of columns which illustrate stories in their carvings are called a. foliated b. Corinthian c. historiated d. Ionic 15. The Ascension of Christ and the Mission of the Apostles is the subject of the tympanum of the church at a. Vezelay b. Moissac c. Autun d. Arles 16. The high energy of Romanesque sculptural style is brought under the quieting influence of classical art in Provence in the portal of the church at a. Autun b. Moissac c. Vezelay d. Arles

3 Gothic Art. 17. Gothic architects referred to their buildings as a. Gothic b. Romanesque c. German d. opus modernum 18. The ancestors of the Gothic rib vault were found in Romanesque architecture, notably the architecture of the a. Normans b. Burgundians c. Russians 19. To achieve unified interiors which are much less compartmentalized than Romanesque interiors, Gothic architects combined the rib vault with the a. round arch b. pointed arch c. colonnette d. nave arcade 20. Romanesque architecture depended on the wall for support; Gothic architecture depended on a. a foundation b. an interlocking skeletal structure c. massive piers d. square schematism 21. A cathedral, strictly speaking, is a a. large church b. type of ceiling c. the church headquarters of a diocese and the seat of the bishop d. parish church 22. Great height and large windows were made possible in medieval Gothic cathedrals by the use of a. flying buttresses b. steel girders c. great piers d. tall collonnettes 23. The first appearance of the Gothic architectural style was at a. the Abbey Church of St. Denis b. St. Etienne c. Bourges cathedral d. Chartres Cathedral 24. A clergyman who was particularly influential in the development of the Gothic style was a. the Abbot Suger b. St. Thomas Acquinas c. St. Francis of Assisi d. Robert de Luzarches 25. The Gothic style first appeared in the middle of which century a. 11th b. 12th c. 13th d. 14th 26. French Gothic churches are marked by

4 a. twin towers at the west end b. square east end c. two transepts d. small doors at the east end 27. A rose window is a. large, round stained-glass window b. a window with a flower emblematic of the Tudor dynasty in it c. found only in France d. placed only in the east end 28. The period immediately following the Early Gothic is called the a. High Gothic b. Middle Gothic c. Late Gothic d. none of the above 29. The first cathedral to have flying buttresses included in its plan from the beginning was a. Bourges b. Notre Dame, Paris c. Chartres d. Laon 30. An innovation at Bourges Cathedral was a. flying buttresses b. sexpartite vaulting c. elimination of the transept d. crossing tower 31. Compared to the facade of the Early Gothic cathedral of Notre Dame in Paris, the cathedral at Amiens seems to be a. massive b. marked off with clearly articulated horizontal lines c. open, airy and with an emphasis on the vertical d. plain with wall undecorated 32. The second half of the thirteenth century ( ) in France was dominated by the style known as a. rayonnant style b. early Gothic c. late Gothic d. Germanic influences 33. A splendid example of the mature Gothic in which the supporting elements are so reduced that they seem to be nothing more than mullions for the glass, making the building seem like a glass cage is a. Amiens b. Sainte-Chapelle c. Bourges d. Reims 34. The confidence of Gothic architects collapsed along with one of their most splendid creations, a. Sainte Chapelle b. Reims Cathedral c. the choir of Beauvais Cathedral d. The choir of Rouen Cathedral 35. Of the English Gothic cathedrals, the most distinctly "English" in style is a. Salisbury

5 b. Canterbury c. Cologne d. Westminster Abbey 36. Canterbury Cathedral was built by the master builder a. Vuillard de Honnecourt b. Gervais of Canterbury c. Robert de Luzarches d. William of Sens 37. The last English Gothic style is called a. Flambouyant b. Decorated c. Perpendicular d. Early English 38. The culmination of the English perpendicular style can be seen in the vaults in a. the chapel of Henry VII, Westminster Abbey b. King's College Chapel, Cambridge c. Lady Chapel, Salisbury Cathedral d. Gloucester Cathedral 39. A German church with aisles the same height as the nave was called a a. Marienkirche b. Hallenkirche c. Baptistry d. Campanile 40. The most "French-looking" late Gothic church in Italy is a. Milan Cathedral b. Orvieto Cathedral c. Florence Cathedral d. St. Elizabeth 41. In Italy, the most decorative, light and airy use of Gothic in civic structures was in the a. Palazzo Pubblico, Siena b. Campanile in Florence c. San Miniato al Monte d. Doge's Palace, Venice

Gothic Art VOCABULARY 11/12/2011 ESSENTIAL QUESTIONS

Gothic Art VOCABULARY 11/12/2011 ESSENTIAL QUESTIONS Gothic Art ESSENTIAL QUESTIONS 1. Why is Gothic art called "Gothic"? 2. How does Gothic reveal itself in different art forms, architecture, painting, and sculpture? 3. What are the differences between