Towards PaaS and Clouds Our experience with BonjourGrid and PastryGrid
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- Kory Ferdinand Jenkins
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1 Towards PaaS and Clouds Our experience with BonjourGrid and PastryGrid AOC Team Christophe Cérin 1 1 Université de Paris XIII, CNRS UMR 7030, France Bi-lateral China-France workshop 1 Christophe Cérin, Heithem Abbes Sous thème grille Équipe AOC
2 Table of contents 2 / Objectives 2 Desktop Grids History and Challenges BonjourGrid PastryGrid 3 Towards PaaS and Clouds PaaSoordinated (under reviewing) The coordination and data exchange layer Technologies (ex.) 4 Conclusion 2 Christophe Cérin, Heithem Abbes Sous thème grille Équipe AOC
3 Objectives 3 / Motivate research projets in Grids & Clouds ; 2. Starting from recent advances in Desktop Grid Middleware: BonjourGrid (orchestration of multiple instances of DG middleware) and PastryGrid (fully distributed execution of applications) Joint works with UTIC lab., Tunisia (Heithem Abbes and Mohamed Jemni) 3. Before keeping innovative ideas to reuse in Cloud Architectures / Systems: decentralized architectures and services; large scale systems (FT); interoperability of services (the client is not a prisonner, or if it is, he can choose his prison(s)!) 3 Christophe Cérin, Heithem Abbes Sous thème grille Équipe AOC
4 Desktop Grid Architectures 4 / 134 Desktop Grid ")*&+',#--)*.#'*/+,!#$#%(0,1$&(2)'(0!"!"#$%&'()&*#+,"%(+%-#(!"#$%&'()"*+&%,-($",$.%" 3&(2)'( "//$4*+#'/$1 3&(/2$.&,5*(.0!#$#%&'&$(!" 9(%":&'';<6= 3 /0#0'1$-(2."+&%,-($",$.%" 45"%+3+6*7(#+(#$"%8&," 6>>'(,&$(0#?,-"*.'"% =&5@+3+A&$&+3+<"$+ B?+3+?&#*C0D E%0$0,0'5 Key Points Federation of thousand of nodes; Internet as the communication layer: no trust! Volatility; local IP; Firewall! "#$%&!'()*+,-!-)(./ 0 4 Christophe Cérin, Heithem Abbes Sous thème grille Équipe AOC
5 Desktop Grid Architectures 5 / 134 Desktop Grid ")*&+', #--)*.#'*/+,!#$#%(0,1 $&(2)'(0!"#$%&'("%')*#+,-"#-.*"!"#$%&'()"*+&%,-($",$.%" /01'($+$&0203*&$&+45#$6 7#$"%+#8*"+,8409 "//$4*+#'/$1 5.6&42)&$,78#(9(:!#$#%&'&$( 3&(2)'(!" :8#8';$-(<."+&%,-($",$.%" ;#'#,<#+#=&$ 5.6&42)&$,78#(9(:! I(%"J&''3D?B "#$%&!'()*+,-!-)(./ & = >0"%+=+?*4(#+(#$"%@&,"?11'(,&$(8# A,-"*.'"% B&02+=+C&$&+=+D"$+ EA+=+A&#*F8G H%8$8,8'0 Future Generation (in 2006) Distributed Architecture Architecture with modularity: every component is configurable : scheduler, storage, transport protocole Direct communications between peers; Security; Applications coming from any sciences (e-science applications) 5 Christophe Cérin, Heithem Abbes Sous thème grille Équipe AOC
6 In search of distributed architecture 6 / 134 First line: publish/subscribe system to notify and coordinate services and multiple DG without a central broker BonjourGrid; Second line: approach based on structured overlay network to discover (on the fly) the next node executing the next task PastryGrid; (main contributions of Heithem Abbes in his PhD) 6 Christophe Cérin, Heithem Abbes Sous thème grille Équipe AOC
7 Main objectives of BonjourGrid 7 / 134 Count on existing distributed tools for services discovering (publish/subscribe paradigm); 7 Christophe Cérin, Heithem Abbes Sous thème grille Équipe AOC
8 Main objectives of BonjourGrid 8 / 134 Count on existing distributed tools for services discovering (publish/subscribe paradigm); Design and implement a platform able to manage multiple instances of DG middleware; 8 Christophe Cérin, Heithem Abbes Sous thème grille Équipe AOC
9 Main objectives of BonjourGrid 9 / 134 Count on existing distributed tools for services discovering (publish/subscribe paradigm); Design and implement a platform able to manage multiple instances of DG middleware; Reduce as much as possible the use of any central element; 9 Christophe Cérin, Heithem Abbes Sous thème grille Équipe AOC
10 10 / 134 Main objectives of BonjourGrid Count on existing distributed tools for services discovering (publish/subscribe paradigm); Design and implement a platform able to manage multiple instances of DG middleware; Reduce as much as possible the use of any central element; Create a coordinator, on the fly, without any system administrator intervention; From a vision with a single coordinator towards a vision with multiple coordinators. 10 Christophe Cérin, Heithem Abbes Sous thème grille Équipe AOC
11 11 / 134 Main objectives of BonjourGrid Count on existing distributed tools for services discovering (publish/subscribe paradigm); Design and implement a platform able to manage multiple instances of DG middleware; Reduce as much as possible the use of any central element; Create a coordinator, on the fly, without any system administrator intervention; From a vision with a single coordinator towards a vision with multiple coordinators. Each coordinator searches, in a concurrent way, participants (idle machines) 11 Christophe Cérin, Heithem Abbes Sous thème grille Équipe AOC
12 12 / 134 How BonjourGrid works 12 Christophe Cérin, Heithem Abbes Sous thème grille Équipe AOC
13 13 / 134 How BonjourGrid works 13 Christophe Cérin, Heithem Abbes Sous thème grille Équipe AOC
14 14 / 134 How BonjourGrid works 14 Christophe Cérin, Heithem Abbes Sous thème grille Équipe AOC
15 15 / 134 How BonjourGrid works 15 Christophe Cérin, Heithem Abbes Sous thème grille Équipe AOC
16 16 / 134 How BonjourGrid works 16 Christophe Cérin, Heithem Abbes Sous thème grille Équipe AOC
17 17 / 134 How BonjourGrid works 17 Christophe Cérin, Heithem Abbes Sous thème grille Équipe AOC
18 18 / 134 How BonjourGrid works 18 Christophe Cérin, Heithem Abbes Sous thème grille Équipe AOC
19 19 / 134 How BonjourGrid works 19 Christophe Cérin, Heithem Abbes Sous thème grille Équipe AOC
20 20 / 134 How BonjourGrid works 20 Christophe Cérin, Heithem Abbes Sous thème grille Équipe AOC
21 21 / 134 How BonjourGrid works 21 Christophe Cérin, Heithem Abbes Sous thème grille Équipe AOC
22 22 / 134 How BonjourGrid works 22 Christophe Cérin, Heithem Abbes Sous thème grille Équipe AOC
23 23 / 134 How BonjourGrid works 23 Christophe Cérin, Heithem Abbes Sous thème grille Équipe AOC
24 24 / 134 How BonjourGrid works 24 Christophe Cérin, Heithem Abbes Sous thème grille Équipe AOC
25 25 / 134 How BonjourGrid works 25 Christophe Cérin, Heithem Abbes Sous thème grille Équipe AOC
26 26 / 134 How BonjourGrid works 26 Christophe Cérin, Heithem Abbes Sous thème grille Équipe AOC
27 27 / 134 BonjourGrid vision The user requests for computation; 27 Christophe Cérin, Heithem Abbes Sous thème grille Équipe AOC
28 28 / 134 BonjourGrid vision The user requests for computation; The user provides the control flow graph, binaries, input data; 28 Christophe Cérin, Heithem Abbes Sous thème grille Équipe AOC
29 29 / 134 BonjourGrid vision The user requests for computation; The user provides the control flow graph, binaries, input data; The user deploys locally a coordinator and requests for participants; We support XtremWeb, Condor, Boinc. 29 Christophe Cérin, Heithem Abbes Sous thème grille Équipe AOC
30 30 / 134 BonjourGrid vision The user requests for computation; The user provides the control flow graph, binaries, input data; The user deploys locally a coordinator and requests for participants; We support XtremWeb, Condor, Boinc. The coordinator selects a set of machines (criteria: RAM, CPU, costs... ) 30 Christophe Cérin, Heithem Abbes Sous thème grille Équipe AOC
31 31 / 134 BonjourGrid vision The user requests for computation; The user provides the control flow graph, binaries, input data; The user deploys locally a coordinator and requests for participants; We support XtremWeb, Condor, Boinc. The coordinator selects a set of machines (criteria: RAM, CPU, costs... ) Upon completion, the coordinator returns to the idle state, slaves are freed and the coordination protocol: 31 Christophe Cérin, Heithem Abbes Sous thème grille Équipe AOC
32 32 / 134 BonjourGrid vision The user requests for computation; The user provides the control flow graph, binaries, input data; The user deploys locally a coordinator and requests for participants; We support XtremWeb, Condor, Boinc. The coordinator selects a set of machines (criteria: RAM, CPU, costs... ) Upon completion, the coordinator returns to the idle state, slaves are freed and the coordination protocol: manages and controls resources, services and computing elements; does not depend on any specific machine nor any central element. 32 Christophe Cérin, Heithem Abbes Sous thème grille Équipe AOC
33 33 / 134 BonjourGrid vision The user requests for computation; The user provides the control flow graph, binaries, input data; The user deploys locally a coordinator and requests for participants; We support XtremWeb, Condor, Boinc. The coordinator selects a set of machines (criteria: RAM, CPU, costs... ) Upon completion, the coordinator returns to the idle state, slaves are freed and the coordination protocol: manages and controls resources, services and computing elements; does not depend on any specific machine nor any central element. 33 Christophe Cérin, Heithem Abbes Sous thème grille Équipe AOC
34 34 / 134 The protocol for resources discovering Based on Bonjour from Apple; 34 Christophe Cérin, Heithem Abbes Sous thème grille Équipe AOC
35 35 / 134 The protocol for resources discovering Based on Bonjour from Apple; A publish/subscribe system is easy to use (toolbox = publish(), subscribe(), browse()) 35 Christophe Cérin, Heithem Abbes Sous thème grille Équipe AOC
36 36 / 134 The protocol for resources discovering Based on Bonjour from Apple; A publish/subscribe system is easy to use (toolbox = publish(), subscribe(), browse()) Bonjour is dedicated to LAN (wide area Bonjour? We need some experiments) 36 Christophe Cérin, Heithem Abbes Sous thème grille Équipe AOC
37 37 / 134 The protocol for resources discovering Based on Bonjour from Apple; A publish/subscribe system is easy to use (toolbox = publish(), subscribe(), browse()) Bonjour is dedicated to LAN (wide area Bonjour? We need some experiments) Concerning the Wide Area implementation: we can also think about Apache Kandula ( or even cisco Jabber protocol ( 37 Christophe Cérin, Heithem Abbes Sous thème grille Équipe AOC
38 The protocol for resources discovering 38 / 134 Based on Bonjour from Apple; A publish/subscribe system is easy to use (toolbox = publish(), subscribe(), browse()) Bonjour is dedicated to LAN (wide area Bonjour? We need some experiments) Concerning the Wide Area implementation: we can also think about Apache Kandula ( or even cisco Jabber protocol ( Extensible Messaging and Presence Protocol (XMPP) (formerly named Jabber) is an open, XML-based protocol originally aimed at near-real-time, extensible instant messaging (IM) and presence information, but now expanded into the broader realm of message-oriented middleware 38 Christophe Cérin, Heithem Abbes Sous thème grille Équipe AOC
39 The protocol for resources discovering 39 / 134 Based on Bonjour from Apple; A publish/subscribe system is easy to use (toolbox = publish(), subscribe(), browse()) Bonjour is dedicated to LAN (wide area Bonjour? We need some experiments) Concerning the Wide Area implementation: we can also think about Apache Kandula ( or even cisco Jabber protocol ( Extensible Messaging and Presence Protocol (XMPP) (formerly named Jabber) is an open, XML-based protocol originally aimed at near-real-time, extensible instant messaging (IM) and presence information, but now expanded into the broader realm of message-oriented middleware The current protocol has been developed/specified with ad-hoc methods we need to consolidate the trust (ongoing project to verify it, based on Colored Petri Nets) 39 Christophe Cérin, Heithem Abbes Sous thème grille Équipe AOC
40 40 / 134 Fault Tolerance with BonjourGrid Intrinsic property of any large scale system; 40 Christophe Cérin, Heithem Abbes Sous thème grille Équipe AOC
41 41 / 134 Fault Tolerance with BonjourGrid Intrinsic property of any large scale system; We assume that any coordinator is responsible for its FT (it manages the volatility of attached slaves) 41 Christophe Cérin, Heithem Abbes Sous thème grille Équipe AOC
42 42 / 134 Fault Tolerance with BonjourGrid Intrinsic property of any large scale system; We assume that any coordinator is responsible for its FT (it manages the volatility of attached slaves) Our solution: tolerate the failure of coordinators 42 Christophe Cérin, Heithem Abbes Sous thème grille Équipe AOC
43 43 / 134 Fault Tolerance with BonjourGrid Intrinsic property of any large scale system; We assume that any coordinator is responsible for its FT (it manages the volatility of attached slaves) Our solution: tolerate the failure of coordinators For any application we create and manage dynamically copies of the coordinator; We manage k copies; based on passive replication. When a service disappears: we added a special status flag to distinguish between end of the application / failure slaves can redirect the communication to a copy. 43 Christophe Cérin, Heithem Abbes Sous thème grille Équipe AOC
44 44 / 134 Intensive Experiments BonjourGrid has been tested intensively: stressed scenario to more relaxing scenario 44 Christophe Cérin, Heithem Abbes Sous thème grille Équipe AOC
45 45 / 134 Intensive Experiments BonjourGrid has been tested intensively: stressed scenario to more relaxing scenario in terms of #coordinator versus #nodes in terms of using virtual machines to reach 1000 nodes; in terms of comparing Boinc, Condor, XtremWeb over our protocol; in terms of robustness in supporting FT; 45 Christophe Cérin, Heithem Abbes Sous thème grille Équipe AOC
46 46 / 134 Intensive Experiments BonjourGrid has been tested intensively: stressed scenario to more relaxing scenario in terms of #coordinator versus #nodes in terms of using virtual machines to reach 1000 nodes; in terms of comparing Boinc, Condor, XtremWeb over our protocol; in terms of robustness in supporting FT; Example Condor: 130 applications (2 to 128 // tasks), 200 nodes, application task: 1s to 500s. Result: with BonjourGrid, 35% of applications generate a delay of about 30s. 46 Christophe Cérin, Heithem Abbes Sous thème grille Équipe AOC
47 47 / 134 Experiments: one example 47 Christophe Cérin, Heithem Abbes Sous thème grille Équipe AOC
48 48 / 134 PastryGrid s overview Main objectives Fully distributed execution of task graph; 48 Christophe Cérin, Heithem Abbes Sous thème grille Équipe AOC
49 49 / 134 PastryGrid s overview Main objectives Fully distributed execution of task graph; Distributed resource management; 49 Christophe Cérin, Heithem Abbes Sous thème grille Équipe AOC
50 50 / 134 PastryGrid s overview Main objectives Fully distributed execution of task graph; Distributed resource management; Distributed coordination; 50 Christophe Cérin, Heithem Abbes Sous thème grille Équipe AOC
51 51 / 134 PastryGrid s overview Main objectives Fully distributed execution of task graph; Distributed resource management; Distributed coordination; Dynamically creation of an execution environment; 51 Christophe Cérin, Heithem Abbes Sous thème grille Équipe AOC
52 52 / 134 PastryGrid s overview Main objectives Fully distributed execution of task graph; Distributed resource management; Distributed coordination; Dynamically creation of an execution environment; No central element; 52 Christophe Cérin, Heithem Abbes Sous thème grille Équipe AOC
53 53 / 134 PastryGrid s overview Main objectives Fully distributed execution of task graph; Distributed resource management; Distributed coordination; Dynamically creation of an execution environment; No central element; PastryGrid vs BonjourGrid New computing platform vs multiple instances of DG middleware 53 Christophe Cérin, Heithem Abbes Sous thème grille Équipe AOC
54 54 / 134 PastryGrid s overview Main objectives Fully distributed execution of task graph; Distributed resource management; Distributed coordination; Dynamically creation of an execution environment; No central element; PastryGrid vs BonjourGrid New computing platform vs multiple instances of DG middleware Contains its own approach for application distribution vs you count on a DG middleware 54 Christophe Cérin, Heithem Abbes Sous thème grille Équipe AOC
55 55 / 134 PastryGrid s Terminology Task terminology Friend tasks: T 2, T 3 share the same successor (T 6 ) 55 Christophe Cérin, Heithem Abbes Sous thème grille Équipe AOC
56 56 / 134 PastryGrid s Terminology Task terminology Friend tasks: T 2, T 3 share the same successor (T 6 ) Shared tasks T 6 : has n > 1 ancestors (T 2, T 3 ) 56 Christophe Cérin, Heithem Abbes Sous thème grille Équipe AOC
57 57 / 134 PastryGrid s Terminology Task terminology Friend tasks: T 2, T 3 share the same successor (T 6 ) Shared tasks T 6 : has n > 1 ancestors (T 2, T 3 ) Isolated tasks T 4, T 5 : have a single ancestor 57 Christophe Cérin, Heithem Abbes Sous thème grille Équipe AOC
58 58 / 134 PastryGrid s Terminology Task terminology Friend tasks: T 2, T 3 share the same successor (T 6 ) Shared tasks T 6 : has n > 1 ancestors (T 2, T 3 ) Isolated tasks T 4, T 5 : have a single ancestor 58 Christophe Cérin, Heithem Abbes Sous thème grille Équipe AOC
59 59 / 134 PastryGrid s Terminology Task terminology Friend tasks: T 2, T 3 share the same successor (T 6 ) Shared tasks T 6 : has n > 1 ancestors (T 2, T 3 ) Isolated tasks T 4, T 5 : have a single ancestor Example 59 Christophe Cérin, Heithem Abbes Sous thème grille Équipe AOC
60 60 / 134 PastryGrid components Addressing scheme to identify applications and users (based on haching application name + submission date + user name DHT (Pastry)) 60 Christophe Cérin, Heithem Abbes Sous thème grille Équipe AOC
61 61 / 134 PastryGrid components Addressing scheme to identify applications and users (based on haching application name + submission date + user name DHT (Pastry)) Protocol of resource discovering; No dedicated nodes for the search of the next node to use on the fly! Optimization: the machine that terminates the last starts the search. 61 Christophe Cérin, Heithem Abbes Sous thème grille Équipe AOC
62 62 / 134 PastryGrid components Addressing scheme to identify applications and users (based on haching application name + submission date + user name DHT (Pastry)) Protocol of resource discovering; No dedicated nodes for the search of the next node to use on the fly! Optimization: the machine that terminates the last starts the search. Rendez-vous concept (RDV); Objectives: localisation of a node without IP; task coordination; data recovery; 62 Christophe Cérin, Heithem Abbes Sous thème grille Équipe AOC
63 63 / 134 PastryGrid components Addressing scheme to identify applications and users (based on haching application name + submission date + user name DHT (Pastry)) Protocol of resource discovering; No dedicated nodes for the search of the next node to use on the fly! Optimization: the machine that terminates the last starts the search. Rendez-vous concept (RDV); Objectives: localisation of a node without IP; task coordination; data recovery; coordination protocol between machines participating in the application. 63 Christophe Cérin, Heithem Abbes Sous thème grille Équipe AOC
64 64 / 134 PastryGrid components Addressing scheme to identify applications and users (based on haching application name + submission date + user name DHT (Pastry)) Protocol of resource discovering; No dedicated nodes for the search of the next node to use on the fly! Optimization: the machine that terminates the last starts the search. Rendez-vous concept (RDV); Objectives: localisation of a node without IP; task coordination; data recovery; coordination protocol between machines participating in the application. 64 Christophe Cérin, Heithem Abbes Sous thème grille Équipe AOC
65 65 / 134 RDV Concept Coordinator Known at the beginning; 65 Christophe Cérin, Heithem Abbes Sous thème grille Équipe AOC
66 66 / 134 RDV Concept Coordinator Known at the beginning; Central element on a decicated place; 66 Christophe Cérin, Heithem Abbes Sous thème grille Équipe AOC
67 67 / 134 RDV Concept Coordinator Known at the beginning; Central element on a decicated place; Failure: the system crashes; 67 Christophe Cérin, Heithem Abbes Sous thème grille Équipe AOC
68 68 / 134 RDV Concept Coordinator Known at the beginning; Central element on a decicated place; Failure: the system crashes; Centralized resource management; 68 Christophe Cérin, Heithem Abbes Sous thème grille Équipe AOC
69 69 / 134 RDV Concept Coordinator Known at the beginning; Central element on a decicated place; Failure: the system crashes; Centralized resource management; Management of all applications (overload) 69 Christophe Cérin, Heithem Abbes Sous thème grille Équipe AOC
70 70 / 134 RDV Concept Coordinator Known at the beginning; Central element on a decicated place; Failure: the system crashes; Centralized resource management; Management of all applications (overload) RDV Unknown; 70 Christophe Cérin, Heithem Abbes Sous thème grille Équipe AOC
71 71 / 134 RDV Concept Coordinator Known at the beginning; Central element on a decicated place; Failure: the system crashes; Centralized resource management; Management of all applications (overload) RDV Unknown; Variable; 71 Christophe Cérin, Heithem Abbes Sous thème grille Équipe AOC
72 72 / 134 RDV Concept Coordinator Known at the beginning; Central element on a decicated place; Failure: the system crashes; Centralized resource management; Management of all applications (overload) RDV Unknown; Variable; Failure: may still run; 72 Christophe Cérin, Heithem Abbes Sous thème grille Équipe AOC
73 73 / 134 RDV Concept Coordinator Known at the beginning; Central element on a decicated place; Failure: the system crashes; Centralized resource management; Management of all applications (overload) RDV Unknown; Variable; Failure: may still run; Distributed data management; 73 Christophe Cérin, Heithem Abbes Sous thème grille Équipe AOC
74 74 / 134 RDV Concept Coordinator Known at the beginning; Central element on a decicated place; Failure: the system crashes; Centralized resource management; Management of all applications (overload) RDV Unknown; Variable; Failure: may still run; Distributed data management; RDV for each application (limited overload) 74 Christophe Cérin, Heithem Abbes Sous thème grille Équipe AOC
75 75 / 134 RDV Concept Coordinator Known at the beginning; Central element on a decicated place; Failure: the system crashes; Centralized resource management; Management of all applications (overload) RDV Unknown; Variable; Failure: may still run; Distributed data management; RDV for each application (limited overload) 75 Christophe Cérin, Heithem Abbes Sous thème grille Équipe AOC
76 76 / 134 How PastryGrid works 76 Christophe Cérin, Heithem Abbes Sous thème grille Équipe AOC
77 77 / 134 How PastryGrid works 77 Christophe Cérin, Heithem Abbes Sous thème grille Équipe AOC
78 78 / 134 How PastryGrid works 78 Christophe Cérin, Heithem Abbes Sous thème grille Équipe AOC
79 79 / 134 How PastryGrid works 79 Christophe Cérin, Heithem Abbes Sous thème grille Équipe AOC
80 80 / 134 How PastryGrid works 80 Christophe Cérin, Heithem Abbes Sous thème grille Équipe AOC
81 81 / 134 How PastryGrid works 81 Christophe Cérin, Heithem Abbes Sous thème grille Équipe AOC
82 82 / 134 How PastryGrid works 82 Christophe Cérin, Heithem Abbes Sous thème grille Équipe AOC
83 83 / 134 How PastryGrid works 83 Christophe Cérin, Heithem Abbes Sous thème grille Équipe AOC
84 84 / 134 How PastryGrid works 84 Christophe Cérin, Heithem Abbes Sous thème grille Équipe AOC
85 85 / 134 How PastryGrid works 85 Christophe Cérin, Heithem Abbes Sous thème grille Équipe AOC
86 86 / 134 How PastryGrid works 86 Christophe Cérin, Heithem Abbes Sous thème grille Équipe AOC
87 87 / 134 How PastryGrid works 87 Christophe Cérin, Heithem Abbes Sous thème grille Équipe AOC
88 88 / 134 How PastryGrid works 88 Christophe Cérin, Heithem Abbes Sous thème grille Équipe AOC
89 89 / 134 How PastryGrid works 89 Christophe Cérin, Heithem Abbes Sous thème grille Équipe AOC
90 90 / 134 How PastryGrid works 90 Christophe Cérin, Heithem Abbes Sous thème grille Équipe AOC
91 91 / 134 Fault Tolerance in PastryGrid (brief overview) Active replication based on Past (maintaining of k copies of the node states) ; update copies when a modification occurs on a source node; automatically creation of a copy (to maintain k) 91 Christophe Cérin, Heithem Abbes Sous thème grille Équipe AOC
92 92 / 134 Fault Tolerance in PastryGrid (brief overview) Active replication based on Past (maintaining of k copies of the node states) ; update copies when a modification occurs on a source node; automatically creation of a copy (to maintain k) If we adopt such approach node explosion; 92 Christophe Cérin, Heithem Abbes Sous thème grille Équipe AOC
93 93 / 134 Fault Tolerance in PastryGrid (brief overview) Active replication based on Past (maintaining of k copies of the node states) ; update copies when a modification occurs on a source node; automatically creation of a copy (to maintain k) If we adopt such approach node explosion; A new component has been added: FTC (Fault Tolerant Component) node Supervises tasks that are running; 93 Christophe Cérin, Heithem Abbes Sous thème grille Équipe AOC
94 94 / 134 Fault Tolerance in PastryGrid (brief overview) Active replication based on Past (maintaining of k copies of the node states) ; update copies when a modification occurs on a source node; automatically creation of a copy (to maintain k) If we adopt such approach node explosion; A new component has been added: FTC (Fault Tolerant Component) node Supervises tasks that are running; A FCT component for each application; It contacts the RDV to decide the tasks to supervise; 94 Christophe Cérin, Heithem Abbes Sous thème grille Équipe AOC
95 95 / 134 Fault Tolerance in PastryGrid (brief overview) Active replication based on Past (maintaining of k copies of the node states) ; update copies when a modification occurs on a source node; automatically creation of a copy (to maintain k) If we adopt such approach node explosion; A new component has been added: FTC (Fault Tolerant Component) node Supervises tasks that are running; A FCT component for each application; It contacts the RDV to decide the tasks to supervise; k copies of the FCT and k copies of the RDV per application. In fact you have 3 types of nodes: computing nodes, FCT nodes and RDV nodes to manage; 95 Christophe Cérin, Heithem Abbes Sous thème grille Équipe AOC
96 96 / 134 Fault Tolerance in PastryGrid (brief overview) Active replication based on Past (maintaining of k copies of the node states) ; update copies when a modification occurs on a source node; automatically creation of a copy (to maintain k) If we adopt such approach node explosion; A new component has been added: FTC (Fault Tolerant Component) node Supervises tasks that are running; A FCT component for each application; It contacts the RDV to decide the tasks to supervise; k copies of the FCT and k copies of the RDV per application. In fact you have 3 types of nodes: computing nodes, FCT nodes and RDV nodes to manage; 96 Christophe Cérin, Heithem Abbes Sous thème grille Équipe AOC
97 97 / 134 PastryGrid Validation The FT part Intensive experiments have been conducted (each machine has a probability P to fail for X seconds): P = 20%, 40%, 80% ; 100 applications (2 to 128 // tasks) ; on 200 nodes 97 Christophe Cérin, Heithem Abbes Sous thème grille Équipe AOC
98 98 / 134 PastryGrid Validation The FT part Intensive experiments have been conducted (each machine has a probability P to fail for X seconds): P = 20%, 40%, 80% ; 100 applications (2 to 128 // tasks) ; on 200 nodes Main observations: In all cases, PastryGrid terminates; The recovery time depends on the node type; The delay varies from 4:53s to 7:16:41s... but it works! The number of delayed applications varies from 44 to Christophe Cérin, Heithem Abbes Sous thème grille Équipe AOC
99 99 / 134 Towards PaaS and Clouds The new context: Platform as a Service and Cloud Outsourcing of software resources (Google word/spreadsheet online) and hardware resources (Amazon EC2); 99 Christophe Cérin, Heithem Abbes Sous thème grille Équipe AOC
100 100 / 134 Towards PaaS and Clouds The new context: Platform as a Service and Cloud Outsourcing of software resources (Google word/spreadsheet online) and hardware resources (Amazon EC2); A variant: Platform as a Service (PaaS) where users also inherit from a complete development infrastructure (based on Javascript for the future?); 100 Christophe Cérin, Heithem Abbes Sous thème grille Équipe AOC
101 101 / 134 Towards PaaS and Clouds The new context: Platform as a Service and Cloud Outsourcing of software resources (Google word/spreadsheet online) and hardware resources (Amazon EC2); A variant: Platform as a Service (PaaS) where users also inherit from a complete development infrastructure (based on Javascript for the future?); No hosting problem for the user; 101 Christophe Cérin, Heithem Abbes Sous thème grille Équipe AOC
102 102 / 134 Towards PaaS and Clouds The new context: Platform as a Service and Cloud Outsourcing of software resources (Google word/spreadsheet online) and hardware resources (Amazon EC2); A variant: Platform as a Service (PaaS) where users also inherit from a complete development infrastructure (based on Javascript for the future?); No hosting problem for the user; No update problem for the user (he always uses the last release); 102 Christophe Cérin, Heithem Abbes Sous thème grille Équipe AOC
103 103 / 134 Towards PaaS and Clouds The new context: Platform as a Service and Cloud Outsourcing of software resources (Google word/spreadsheet online) and hardware resources (Amazon EC2); A variant: Platform as a Service (PaaS) where users also inherit from a complete development infrastructure (based on Javascript for the future?); No hosting problem for the user; No update problem for the user (he always uses the last release); No maintenance, no local storage. 103 Christophe Cérin, Heithem Abbes Sous thème grille Équipe AOC
104 104 / 134 Towards PaaS and Clouds The new context: Platform as a Service and Cloud Outsourcing of software resources (Google word/spreadsheet online) and hardware resources (Amazon EC2); A variant: Platform as a Service (PaaS) where users also inherit from a complete development infrastructure (based on Javascript for the future?); No hosting problem for the user; No update problem for the user (he always uses the last release); No maintenance, no local storage. We have started an initiative for defining and designing a general purpose PaaS based on distributed protocols for coordination and data exchange. 104 Christophe Cérin, Heithem Abbes Sous thème grille Équipe AOC
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