UNIT I CLASSIFICATION AND CHARACTERISTICS OF INSTRUMENTS

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1 UNIT I CLASSIFICATION AND CHARACTERISTICS OF INSTRUMENTS 1. Mention the functions of measurement system? 2. What are the applications of measurement system? 3. What are the classifications of instruments? 4. What are the types of secondary instruments? 5. Define true value? 6. Define Accuracy? 7. Define Precision? 8. Define Error? 9. Define error correction? 10. Define Instrument efficiency? 11. List three types of operating forces? 12. What are the two essential requirements of moving system? 13. List the type of supports? 14. Write the formula of Torque Weight ratio? 15. What are the different systems used producing controlling torque? 16. What is the value of I in a spring control system? 17. What are the different systems used to producing damping torque? 18. What is the value of % in a gravity control system? 19. Which forces are equal under steady state condition? 20. Name the materials used for spring? 21. What are the different types of damping system? PART B 1. Explain the functions of measurement system? 2. What are the classifications of instrument? And explain? 3. Explain analog and digital instrument with suitable sketch? 1

2 4. List the various effects used in instruments and explain? 5. Explain three operating forces in instruments? 6. Explain spring and gravity control used in instruments with suitable sketch? 7. Compare spring and gravity control system? 8. Explain air friction, fluid friction & eddy current damping with neat sketches? 9. Comparison between air friction fluid friction and eddy current damping? 10. Explain different types of supports used in an instrument? 11. Explain pivot and jewel bearing? 12. Explain torque weight ratio? 13. Explain the constructional details of indicating instrument? UNIT II MEASUREMENT OF CURRENT VOLTAGE AND RESISTANCE 1. What are the two types of MI Instruments? 2. State the use of shunt? 3. State the use of mutimeter? 4. Write the formula to find shunt resistance? 5. Write a formula to find multiplier resistance? 6. What are the errors in C.T and P.T? 7. State the use of tong tester? 8. What are the types of electrostatic voltmeter? 9. What are the applications of rectifier type instrument? 10. What are the types of resistances? 11. Name the instrument used for measuring high resistance. PART B 1. Explain with a neat sketch, the construction working and theory of permanent magnet moving coil instrument. 2. What are the advantages and disadvantages of permanent magnet coil instrument? 2

3 3. With a neat sketch and explain dynamometer type moving coil meter. 4. What are the advantages and disadvantages of dynamometer type meter? 5. With a neat sketch and explain attraction type moving iron instrument. 6. With a neat sketch and explain repulsion type moving iron instrument. 7. What are the advantages and disadvantages of M.I.Instruments? 8. With a neat sketch and explain shaded pole instrument. 9. Explain how the range of (A) ammeter (B) voltmeter can be extended 10. Explain AMMETER SHUNT. 11. What are the requirements of shunt? 12. Explain Multiplier. 13. What are requirements of Multiplier? 14. Explain the constructional details of (A) Current Transformer (B) Potential Transformer 15. Explain testing methods of C.T and P.T. 16. What are the errors occurs in C.T and P.T and explain 17. Explain the characteristics in C.T and P.T. 18. What are the classifications of resistance? 19. Draw the circuit diagram of kelvins bridge ohmmeter and write the formula to find low resistance. 20. Draw the circuit diagram of Wheatstone bridge and write the formula to find medium resistance. 21. With neat sketch explain the construction and working of megger. 22. With neat sketch explain the construction and working of Earth tester. 23. With neat circuit explain the operation of multimeter. UNIT III MEASURMENT OF POWER AND ENERGY 1. Define power? 2. Write the formula to find power in DC circuit and AC circuit? 3

4 3. List the different types of wattmeter? 4. Write the formula of total power in 3Φ wattmeter? 5. Define energy? 6. Write a formula of energy? 7. State the unit of power and energy? 8. Diffentiate power and energy? 9. List the error induction type energy meter? 10. List the four operating mechanism in AC energy meter? 11. What is the purpose of lag plate in energy meter? 12. What is meant by creep? 13. Mention the purpose of providing a hole in the disc of energy meter? 14. What is R.S.S meter? 15. Write a formula of % error in an energy meter? PART-B 1. Explain power in AC and DC circuit? 2. With a neat sketch and explain electro dynamometer type wattmeter? 3. What are the advantage and disadvantage of electro dynamometer type wattmeter? 4. Show how a dynamometer wattmeter can be used both in AC and DC? 5. Explain low power factor wattmeter with suitable sketch? 6. Draw the connection diagram for 3Φ wattmeter to measure 3Φpower in a three phase circuit and explain? 7. With a neat sketch explain the constructional details and working principle of single phase induction energy meter? 8..with a neat sketch explains the constructional details and working principle of 3 phase induction energy meter? 9. Explain different error occurs in an energy meter. How are they minimized? 10. With a neat sketch and explain digital energy meter? 11. Explain briefly about the calibration of energy meter? 4

5 UNIT IV MEASUREMENT OF POWER FACTOR FREQUENCY AND PHASE DIFFERENCE 1. What is the use of power factor meter? 2. What are the two types of power factor meter? 3. What is the phase sequence indicator? 4. What are the types of phase sequence indicator? 5. What is the synchroscope? 6. Write the use of synchroscope? 7. What are the two types of synchroscope? 8. What is the trivector meter? 9. What are the three quantities measured by Trivector meter? 10. What is the maximum demand indicator? 11. List the types of maximum demand indicator? 12. What is the frequency meter? 13. List the types of frequency meter? PART-B 1. Describe with neat sketch the construction and working of Single phase power factor meter? 2. Describe with neat sketch the construction and working of three phase power factor meter? 3. Explain Rotating type phase sequence indicator with suitable sketch? 4. Explain static type phase sequence indicator with suitable sketch? 5. With a neat sketch explain construction and operation of westen synchroscope? 6. With the neat sketch explain trivector meter? 7. With a neat sketch explain construction and operation of merz price maximum demand indicator? 8. With a neat sketch and explain construction and operation of westen type frequency meter? 5

6 9. Draw the black diagram of digital frequency meter, Explain its operation? UNIT-V MEASUREMENT OF L, C AND WAVEFORMS PART-A 1. Name the bridge used for inductance. 2. Name the bridge used for capacitance. 3. What is time base as referred to CRO? 4. Name the fluorescent materials used in CRO screen. 5. What are the applications of CRO? 6. State the difference between dual trace CRO and ordinary CRO. PART-B 1. Draw the circuit diagram of Maxwell s inductance bridge and write the Formula to find the unknown inductance. 2. Draw the circuit of Anderson bridge and write the formula to find Unknown inductance. 3. Draw the circuit diagram Schering bridge and write the formula to find unknown capacitance. 4. Draw the block diagram of CRO and explain each part. 5. Draw the circuit diagram of CRT and explain. 6. List out the various applications in CRO and explain. 7. Explain time base and synchronization. 8. Draw the block diagram of dual trace CRO and explain. 9. Draw the block diagram of digital storage oscilloscope and explain. 6

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