uilding Academic Vocabulary

Transcription

1 rocess for Teaching Vocabulary uilding Academic Vocabulary Susan G. Dalton Coordinator Instruction and Professional Development Tennessee Education Association ) Provide a description, explanation, or example of the new term 2) Ask learners to restate the description, explanation, or example in their own words 3) Ask learners to construct a picture, symbol, or graphic representing the terms rocess for Teaching Vocabulary 4) Engage learners periodically in activities that help them add to their knowledge of the terms in their notebooks 5) Periodically ask students to discuss the terms with one another 6) Involve students periodically in games that allow them to play with terms ocabulary Lesson Lexicon Lexpionage Listcruft Logology Nonce nowledge Is Power Correlation of power to knowledge Academic vs. nonacademic background knowledge Closing the achievement gap ackground Knowledge Personal differences in the ability to process and store information (fluid intelligence is innate) Variability in the number and frequency of our experiences (access)

2 Fluid Intelligence Low Medium High ccess/fluid Intelligence Access Low Medium High Troy Heather Terrance Holly Brittany Roberto Jason Toby Marjorie tudent Characteristics Affecting Academic Success 20% of all students in poverty Language development deficiencies Twice as likely to be the recipient of prohibitions not affirmations More likely to deal with family issues cademic Vocabulary Activities Provide rich academic experiences Field trips/virtual trips/educational television Museums/galleries Exchange programs Mentoring experiences Wide language experiences Sustained Silent Reading (SSR) Exposure to storytelling and language interaction pecific Word Activities Indirect academic background such as building vocabulary through linguistic and non-linguistic activities Instruction should focus on terms that have a high probability of enhancing academic success Learning means it becomes part of the student s vocabulary Powerful if used by school or district What s in a? word n. 1 : speech sound or a series of speech sounds that communicates a meaning 2 : an acoustic configuration of speech sounds and a written rendition of these sounds assigned to refer to things, events, and ideas arbitrarily ird Any of a class of warm blooded vertebrates distinguished by having the body more or less completely covered with feathers and the forelimbs modified as wings

3 ictionary Definitions Based on 18 th century formula Describe the class to which something belongs Describe how it differs from others in that class Must fit within narrow space constraints Lexicon lex i con\ lek-sә- kän n, pl lex i ca or lexicons 1: a book containing an alphabetical arrangement of the words in a language and their definitions 2: the vocabulary of a language, speaker, or subject 3 : the total stock of morphemes in a language ikipedia Definition lex i con\ (Greek) Has two meanings. A lexicon can be a list of words together with additional word-specific information, i.e., a dictionary. In linguistics, the term more commonly refers to a language s inventory of lexemes, i.e., its vocabulary. In the dictionary sense, the term is also sometimes used in the title of an encyclopedia, especially for 19 th century works and those written in German (lexikon). ikipedia Definition (cont.) When linguists study the lexicon, they study such things as what words are, how the vocabulary in a language is structured, how people use and store words, how they learn words, the history and evolution of words, types of relationships between words as well as how words are created. ffective Vocabulary Characteristics Describe as opposed to define Use linguistic and nonlinguistic representations Shape through repeated exposures Teach word parts ffective Vocabulary Characteristics Taylor the instruction to word type Discuss the words Use games Focus on terms important to academic subjects

4 Provide a natural, informal description, explanation, or example of the new word. Write the word or make available in text Pronounce the word Tell the word s story List of attributes unique to word Give several examples Provide pictures, videos, stories, current events Students restate the explanation of the term in their own words. Not merely repetition of teacher s words Notebooks with academic dividers are helpful Each word should have an entry Rating for understanding 1-4 Description Visual representation New insight Students create a nonlinguistic representation of the term. Graphic organizers Pictures or graphics Pictographs Symbols Examples Cartoons Students do activities that enhance knowledge of terms. Free association Compare/contrast Classify Venn diagrams or other graphic organizers Generate metaphors Generate analogies Revise descriptions or representations Break into syllables, roots, prefixes, suffixes List related words, synonyms, antonyms ELL students can write translations Periodically students are asked to discuss the terms with one another. Think, pair, share Provide self-discovery questions Favorite words, least favorite words, most confusing Word origins Periodically students are involved in games that allow them to play with the terms. Free association Jeopardy Charades Pictionary Name the category Talk a Mile a Minute

5 harades Use movement to act out Circle Radius Diameter Circumference Protractor ord Ratings Level 1 I m very uncertain about the term. I really don t understand what it means. Level 2 I m a little uncertain about what the term means, but I have a general idea. ord Ratings (Cont.) Level 3 I understand the term and I m not confused about any part of what it means. Level 4 I understand even more about the term than I was taught. I am ready to include this term in my working vocabulary. lossary lexicon n. 1 : dictionary 2 : the vocabulary of a language, speaker, or subject lexpionage n. lexical espionage listcruft n. term used by editors to describe lists which they feel are indiscriminate, or of interest only to a very restricted number of people logology n. study of words with an emphasis on letter patterns nonce n. 1 : one or single occasion 2 : a nonce word which is used only in one occasion References Building Background Knowledge for Academic Achievement by Robert J. Marzano (Association for Supervision & Curriculum Development, 2004). Building Academic Vocabulary by Robert J. Marzano and Debra J. Pickering, (Association for Supervision & Curriculum Development, 2005). Jeopardy Game Reference demic_vocab.pdf